墨西哥的人均GDP略高于中國。兩國的生活質量相比如何呢？

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Shuo Yang
In 2014, the GDP per capita of China is 7589, while the GDP per capita of Mexico is 10715. The PPP per capita of China is 12880 while the PPP per capita of Mexico is 17881. You see, both PPP to GDP ratio is about 1.7, so China and Mexico have similar price level. Since the mexican peso to Chinese Yuan ratio drops around 15% in 2015 compared to 2014, and GDP growth of China is higher than Mexico, the GDP per capita of both countries coverge in 2015 and the gap between PPP per capita will shrink.

2014年，中國的人均GDP是7589，而墨西哥的人均GDP是10715。 中國人均購買力平價為12880，墨西哥人均購買力平價為17881。 你看，兩國的PPP與GDP之比都在1.7左右，所以中國和墨西哥的物價水平差不多。由于2015年墨西哥比索對人民幣的比率較2014年下降了15%左右，而中國的GDP增速高于墨西哥，兩國的人均GDP在2015年有所彌補，人均購買力平價之間的差距將會縮小。

Generally speaking, PPP per capita represent life standard, but it is still arguable, I come across this question several days ago, the PPP per capita gap of China and Egypt is not that much, but many Chinese who have travelled to Egypt could see the huge gap between ordinary life of China and Egypt: Why is the life quality of Egypt similar to China according to PPP per capita, but the reality is very different?

一般來說，人均購買力平價代表著生活水平，但這仍然是值得商榷的，前幾天我碰到這個問題，中國和埃及的人均購買力平價差距并不是那么大，但很多去過埃及旅游的中國人都能看到，中國和埃及普通生活的巨大差距:為什么按照人均購買力平價計算，埃及的生活質量和中國差不多，但現(xiàn)實情況卻大相徑庭？

How PPP is calculated? It is according to price of some daily commodities and services. But it excludes many common consumer industrial products like consumer electronics, which are more and more consumed nowadays. How are the prices investigated? According to my knowledge, in China, the price investigation is done in some major cities. Considering the price differences between Chinese major cities and small cities, especially the housing price difference (housing price difference in many countries are big, but the price of major cities could be more than 20 times that of small cities in China, which is not commonly seen in many other countries), it is hard to say whether the resulted price level is really representative or not. Besides, different countries have different commonly consumed products,(e.g, bread is common in the West but not so many Chinese eat it for daily food), this also add some bias to the price level.

PPP是如何計算的？它是根據(jù)一些日常商品和服務的價格。 但它排除了許多普通的消費類工業(yè)產(chǎn)品，如消費電子產(chǎn)品，這些產(chǎn)品現(xiàn)在被越來越多地消費。價格是如何進行調查的？ 據(jù)我所知，在中國，物價調查是在一些主要城市進行的。 考慮到中國大城市和小城市之間的價格差異，特別是住房價格差異（很多國家的住房價格差異很大，但中國大城市的價格可能是小城市的二十多倍，這在很多其他國家并不常見），由此產(chǎn)生的價格水平是否真正具有代表性很難說。 此外，不同的國家有不同的常用產(chǎn)品（例如面包在西方很常見，但中國人日常食用的不多），這也給物價水平增加了一定的偏差。

Besides, Chinese govt doesn''t want to see a high PPP number for China, see China Doesn’t Want to Be Number One (international media had a field day over the news that, based on a new World Bank report, China’s economy become the world’s largest in terms of purchasing parity power (PPP) by the end of 2014. Yet China itself did not embrace the news. FT, citing people who worked on the World Bank report, says that China actively tried to convince them not to use the data. “China wanted to throw this out,” a source told FT. “They begged and threatened for a whole year … China hates it.”). Even the GDP number could vary to a certain degree if the methodologies vary. So, if the per capita statistics difference are not very large, it is hard to conclude which one has higher life standard.

此外，中國不想看到中國的購買力平價水平過高，中國不想成為世界第一（根據(jù)世界銀行的一份新報告，中國經(jīng)濟在2014年底以購買力平價(PPP)計算成為世界第一）。 然而，中國自己并沒有接受這一消息。 英國《金融時報》援引參與世行報告的人士的話稱，中國積極試圖說服他們不要使用這些數(shù)據(jù)。 一位消息人士向英國《金融時報》表示:“中國想把這件事扔掉?！?.....）。如果方法不同，甚至GDP數(shù)字也會有一定程度的差異。因此，如果人均統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)差異不是很大，很難斷定哪個國家的生活水平更高。
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But I searched online for the opinions of Chinese who live in Mexico. There are diverse opinions. But in general, the conclusion I draw from their opinions are:
1) several years ago, the price are much higher in Mexico than China, and the salaries are higher in Mexico. Now the salaries in Mexico is lower than China and the price for something in Mexico is lower than China. This is due to soaring wages in China as well as inflation and changes of currency exchange rate
2) China is doing much better in the modern facilities, like road, public transport, city look, Internet coverage and application(like e-commerce, O2O), and penetration of consumer industrial products (smartphones, home appliances). But Mexico has a higher car penetration (two reasons: 1 Mexico has been richer than China for many years, and thus the Mexicans accumulated a lot of cars. So, when you are in China, the cars you see are modern while in Mexico there are many old cars. 2 public transport is weaker in Mexico and thus ppl have to buy cars). The city look of many Mexican cities are like Chinese cities in the 20th century.
3) China is much safer
4) Mexico has higher Urbanization rate, but the life of the citizens in slums are worse off than Chinese rural population.
5) the pollution and food safety issues downgrade the life quality in China.

我在網(wǎng)上搜索住在墨西哥的華人的意見。 眾說紛紜。 但總的來說，我從他們的意見中得出的結論是:
1.幾年前，墨西哥的物價比中國高得多，工資比中國高，現(xiàn)在墨西哥的工資比中國低，買東西的價格比中國低，這是由于中國工資上漲，通貨膨脹和匯率變化造成的
2.中國在現(xiàn)代化設施，如道路，公共交通，城市面貌，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)覆蓋和應用（如電子商務，O2O)，以及消費工業(yè)產(chǎn)品的普及（智能手機，家用電器）方面做得更好。但墨西哥的汽車滲透率更高（兩個原因:1墨西哥多年來一直比中國富裕，因此墨西哥人積累了大量的汽車。 所以，當你在中國的時候，你看到的汽車都是現(xiàn)代化的，而在墨西哥有很多老舊的汽車。 墨西哥的公共交通比較薄弱，所以人們不得不買車。許多墨西哥城市的城市面貌就像20世紀的中國城市。
3.中國安全多了
4.墨西哥的城市化率較高，但貧民窟居民的生活狀況比中國農(nóng)村居民差。
5.污染和食品安全問題降低了中國人民的生活質量。
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Ayse T. Dogu
If only GDP per capita were to determine quality of life in a country. The gap between rich and poor also important indicator for development. I heard that just 62 people in whole world have the half of the riches of the world. Rest of billions are sharing the other half. 6 of the 62 lives in China. These riches may increase GDP per capita on paper but i doubt they have any real effect for an average man.However i am assuming one side lives super rich while the other side lives below powerty. So GDP per capita alone doesn’t give much data to compare.

如果只有人均國內生產(chǎn)總值才能決定一個國家的生活質量。 貧富差距也是衡量發(fā)展的重要指標。 我聽說全世界的62個人擁有世界一半的財富。剩下的幾十億人分享剩下的一半。 這62人中有6人生活在中國。 這些財富可能會在紙面上提高人均GDP，但我懷疑它們對普通人有什么實際影響。然而，我假設一方生活在超級富裕的環(huán)境中，而另一方生活在權力之下。 因此，僅憑人均GDP并不能提供太多數(shù)據(jù)進行比較。

Cheng Qiang
I am a Chinese living in Latin America. In my opinion, the quality of life in Mexico is about the level of China in the 1990s. The cost of living in Mexico is relatively low, Mexico’s average wage is only half that of China.

我是一個生活在拉丁美洲的華人。 在我看來，墨西哥的生活質量大約是中國上世紀九十年代的水平。墨西哥的生活成本相對較低，但墨西哥的平均工資也只有中國的一半。

Quora User
First of all, GDP per capita is more than "slightly" higher in Mexico than China, regardless of in real terms or with the greatly flawed PPP. The difference is 40-50%.Some Mexicans living in Shanghai tell me that quality of life in Mexico is easily noticeably higher than in China.

首先，墨西哥的人均GDP比中國“略高”，不管是按實際價值計算，還是用有很大缺陷的購買力平價計算。 有些住在上海的墨西哥人告訴我，墨西哥的生活質量明顯高于中國。