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VoloxReddit
It should be noted that, for the most part, the whole issue needs to be understood as mostly banter.

應(yīng)當(dāng)注意的是，在大多數(shù)情況下，這個(gè)問(wèn)題需要被理解成無(wú)傷大雅的玩笑。

Bavaria has a pretty strong cultural identity that diverges from what other Germans view as German. This has historical reasons, but it's also safe to say that Bavarians aren't the only people in Germany with a distinct culture. It just gets the most attention.

巴伐利亞有著相當(dāng)強(qiáng)烈的文化身份認(rèn)同，和其他德國(guó)人眼中的德國(guó)人背道而馳。其中有歷史原因，但也可以說(shuō)，巴伐利亞人并不是德國(guó)唯一一個(gè)擁有獨(dú)特文化的族群。它只是得到了最多的關(guān)注而已。

I think the reason Bavaria gets so much attention is because 1) Bavarians are often very outspoken about their pride in their heritage and traditions and 2) because the CSU, a regionally bespoke version of the conservative CDU party, is quite clear about who they represent on a national level. Bavaria is also seen as quite conservative due to strong cultural ties to catholicism and its habit of voting for the aforementioned CSU.

我認(rèn)為，巴伐利亞之所以得到如此多的關(guān)注，是因?yàn)椋?br /> 1）巴伐利亞人經(jīng)常會(huì)直言不諱地表達(dá)他們對(duì)自己遺產(chǎn)和傳統(tǒng)的自豪感；
2）因?yàn)榘头ダ麃喕缑?CSU)是保守政黨德國(guó)基民盟（CDU）的地方定制版，他們?cè)趪?guó)家層面上相當(dāng)清楚自己代表的是什么。由于巴伐利亞和天主教有著很緊密的文化聯(lián)系，而且有投票給基社盟的習(xí)慣，因此也被認(rèn)為是相當(dāng)保守的。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處

In addition, Bavaria has become synonymous with German culture through American media. This is frustrating for other Germans who, as I mentioned, aren't very much like the Bavarians and don't enjoy being stereotyped as such. Yes, Bavarian culture is German culture, but not all German culture is Bavarian culture. Honestly, Bavarian culture isn't even the only culture in the state of Bavaria either, considering the presence of Swabians and Franconians to name a few.

此外，巴伐利亞通過(guò)美國(guó)媒體的作用，已然成為了德國(guó)文化的代名詞。這樣其他德國(guó)人就會(huì)感到沮喪，正如我所提到的，他們和巴伐利亞人是不太一樣的，也不喜歡被定型為這樣的人。是的，巴伐利亞文化確實(shí)是德國(guó)文化，但不是所有的德國(guó)文化都是巴伐利亞文化。老實(shí)說(shuō)，鑒于斯瓦比亞人和弗蘭克尼亞人（僅舉幾例）的存在，巴伐利亞文化甚至都不是巴伐利亞州唯一的文化，。

So, TL;DR, Bavaria is essentially German Texas.

所以，簡(jiǎn)言之，巴伐利亞基本上就相當(dāng)于德國(guó)的德克薩斯。

Now, I've lived both in Bavaria and outside of it. I haven't observed any substantial desire in Bavaria to separate from the rest of Germany. Regional/local "patriotism" isn't at all limited to Bavaria either. A good amount of other states have their own weird cultural quirks. Bavaria isn't as different from the rest as it's often made out to be.

到現(xiàn)在，我在巴伐利亞和巴伐利亞以外的地方都生活過(guò)了。我還沒(méi)有觀察到巴伐利亞有與德國(guó)其他地區(qū)分離的任何實(shí)質(zhì)性愿望。地區(qū)/地方的“愛(ài)國(guó)主義”也并不局限于巴伐利亞。其他的很多州都有自己的文化怪癖。巴伐利亞和其他地區(qū)的差異，并不如人們經(jīng)常鼓噪的那么大。

I have to admit, I'm sometimes frustrated by people who say they know exactly what Bavarians want and think. I find that a bit presumptuous. Banter and stereotypes are fine to an extent, but they're not something I believe you should treat as facts.

我不得不承認(rèn)，有時(shí)候，那些自稱(chēng)完全明白巴伐利亞人所思所想的人會(huì)讓我感到很沮喪。我覺(jué)得這樣有點(diǎn)狂妄。逗趣和刻板印象在一定程度上是沒(méi)問(wèn)題的，但我認(rèn)為你不應(yīng)該把它們當(dāng)成事實(shí)。

If Bavarian culture isn't German, then neither is Swabian, Saxonian or Berliner culture either. K?lner Karn isn't German culture, it's from Cologne! I hope it's clear what I'm trying to point out here.
I wish we could all just enjoy the various regional cultures because that diversity is what makes Germany so interesting.

如果巴伐利亞文化不是德國(guó)文化，那么斯瓦比亞人、薩克森人或柏林人的文化也不是了?？坡】駳g節(jié)也不是德國(guó)文化了，它來(lái)自科隆！我希望我把我的意思表達(dá)清楚了。
我希望我們都能去欣賞各種各樣的地方文化，因?yàn)檎沁@種多樣性讓德國(guó)如此有趣。

FC Bayern Munich being so dominant and monopolizing in comparison to other German teams doesn't help much either, if I could add that. As a Bayern fan, I have to admit that their bosses do carry a very arrogant aura with them.
But yeah, it's mostly banter. Whenever I as a Bavarian meet people from other parts of Germany, I never really get stigmatized or treated with any contempt at all. I think that only happens with maybe Saxonians if they speak in their accent, at least in our generation, due to both the extreme right wing and extreme left wing presence in that state.

（回）請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn)，拜仁慕尼黑俱樂(lè)部相比于其他德國(guó)球隊(duì)的超強(qiáng)統(tǒng)治力和壟斷性也無(wú)濟(jì)于事。身為拜仁球迷，我不得不承認(rèn)，他們的老板確實(shí)自帶一種極為傲慢的氣場(chǎng)。
不過(guò)是的，大多都是逗趣而已。每當(dāng)我這個(gè)巴伐利亞人遇到來(lái)自德國(guó)其他地區(qū)的人時(shí)，我從來(lái)沒(méi)有被真正地污名化過(guò)或是受到任何蔑視。我想這種事只會(huì)發(fā)生在薩克森人身上，如果他們用自己的口音說(shuō)話的話，至少在我們這一代是如此，而原因是極右翼和極左翼都存在于該州。

MajorGef
Bavaria voted against the German constitution. They had a caveat that if all other german states agreed they would join too, but made it a point to say they didnt want to.

巴伐利亞曾投票反對(duì)德國(guó)憲法。他們?cè)o出過(guò)警告：如果其他所有的德國(guó)州都同意，那他們也會(huì)加入，但明確說(shuō)過(guò)他們是不愿意接受的。

Bavarian politicians, especially conservative ones have a tendency to focus on aiding bavaria even in positions where they are supposed to take care of the entire republic.

巴伐利亞的政治家們，特別是保守派政治家，就算他們坐上的職位要求他們?nèi)フ疹櫿麄€(gè)共和國(guó)，他們也往往會(huì)專(zhuān)注于幫助巴伐利亞。

parasite_rug_muncher
You put some effort into this one. It's an unnecessarily decent, yet charming post.
But... fuck bavaria!
Hahahaha.... <3

這個(gè)貼樓主是下了一番功夫的。這個(gè)貼自帶一種實(shí)無(wú)必要的體面，但很有魅力。
不過(guò)嘛…巴伐利亞去死！啊哈哈哈

sjs
I spent a few weeks in Munich and then a month in Hamburg and they definitely joked about Bavaria but they were always smiling. It seemed friendly. The thing I remember most is them welcoming me and saying “You saw Bavaria and now you see what Germany is like!”

我在慕尼黑待過(guò)幾周，之后又在漢堡待了一個(gè)月，他們是絕對(duì)會(huì)取笑巴伐利亞人的，但總是微笑著說(shuō)的。看上去很友善。給我印象最深的一件事就是：他們歡迎我的到來(lái)，然后說(shuō)“你已經(jīng)見(jiàn)識(shí)過(guò)巴伐利亞了，現(xiàn)在你看到的才是德國(guó)的本色！”

Jim_from_snowy_river
Because it’s the place everyone thinks of when they think of Germany. The Dirndl/Giant beer mug, Lederhosen, sausage, kriskindel marts, and the alps stereotype is all Bavarian. But there’s more to Germany than that.

因?yàn)樗腥艘幌氲降聡?guó)，他們就會(huì)想到這個(gè)地方。緊身裙/巨型啤酒馬克杯、德式皮短褲、德國(guó)香腸、圣嬰市場(chǎng)還有阿爾卑斯，這些刻板印象全都是來(lái)自巴伐利亞的風(fēng)物。但德國(guó)文化不止這些。

It's not really our fault that we're that much better at marketing than the lot of you.

（回，巴伐利亞人）我們?cè)跔I(yíng)銷(xiāo)術(shù)上比你們這一大票人強(qiáng)出太多，真不是我們的錯(cuò)啊。

clemesislife
Because to many bavarians unironically think that they are better than the rest. Especially in politics.

因?yàn)橛刑嗟陌头ダ麃喨苏嫘恼J(rèn)為他們比其他人優(yōu)秀。特別是在政治上。

-Blackspell-
As a Franconian it’s my holy right to hate Bavarians!

作為一個(gè)弗蘭克尼亞人，討厭巴伐利亞人是我的神圣權(quán)利。

uk_uk
Bavaria (the land) has always been an ambivalent place. Historically close to the Austrians, it also often had alliances with countries that fought wars against Prussia.

（柏林人）巴伐利亞這塊地一直都是個(gè)很曖昧的地區(qū)。歷史上它和奧地利人關(guān)系密切，也經(jīng)常和那些同普魯士對(duì)戰(zhàn)的國(guó)家結(jié)盟。

For example, Bavaria was on the side of France in the War of the Spanish Succession. It was positioned against Prussia in the Seven Years' War, it fought alongside France against Austria (admittedly, Austria attacked first). Bavaria waged war against Prussia several times, for example on the side of France against Prussia in the Fourth Coalition War, in which Prussia suffered a severe defeat. Shortly before the Battle of Leipzig, Bavaria changed sides... "for reasons".

比如，在西班牙王位繼承戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中，巴伐利亞站在法國(guó)一邊。在七年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中，它的立場(chǎng)是和普魯士為敵，并與法國(guó)并肩作戰(zhàn)對(duì)抗奧地利（不可否認(rèn)，是奧地利首先發(fā)起進(jìn)攻的）。巴伐利亞曾多次對(duì)普魯士開(kāi)戰(zhàn)，比如在第四次聯(lián)合戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中站在法國(guó)一邊對(duì)抗普魯士，普魯士在這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中慘敗。在萊比錫會(huì)戰(zhàn)前不久，巴伐利亞“出于各種原因”換了邊...

The relationship between Prussia and Bavaria was strained after that... until the Prussian-Austrian War broke out in 1866... and Bavaria fought on the side of Austria. And lost. Still, when the Franco-Prussian War broke out in 1870, with the Bavarians going to war on the side of the North German Confederation (Prussia and Allies) and a few small South German states....

那以后，普魯士和巴伐利亞之間的關(guān)系一直很緊張......直到1866年普奧戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)，而巴伐利亞加入奧地利一邊參戰(zhàn)了。然后還輸了。不過(guò)，當(dāng)1870年普法戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)時(shí)，巴伐利亞人站在了北德意志聯(lián)邦（普魯士及其盟國(guó)）和幾個(gè)南德意志小邦的一邊參戰(zhàn)了....

Which was curious because Ludwig actually didn't like Prussia.... especially because of the defeat in 1866 and because Bavaria had to make large repair payments. Moreover, it was bound by treaty to fight on Prussia's side in the event of war.... So Bavaria was not really volunteering to fight with Prussia in the war against France. ;)

這就很稀奇了，因?yàn)槁返戮S希二世其實(shí)并不喜歡普魯士…特別是因?yàn)?866年的戰(zhàn)敗，也因?yàn)榘头ダ麃啿坏貌恢Ц毒揞~賠款。此外，他們還受到條約的約束，須在爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)站在普魯士一邊作戰(zhàn)…所以巴伐利亞在反法戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中加入普魯士一邊，其實(shí)并不是自主自愿的。

Even more, the Bavarian units were led by Prussian officers.The Bavarian King Ludwig, the highest-ranking monarch in Germany after the Prussian King, offered the imperial crown to the Prussian King during the war when the southern German states joined the North German Confederation. The war was still going on when the Prussian king was crowned emperor in Paris. Ludwig was not there, of course.

更有甚者，巴伐利亞的部隊(duì)是由普魯士軍官領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的。巴伐利亞國(guó)王路德維希是全德僅次于普魯士國(guó)王的最高級(jí)別君主，在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，當(dāng)?shù)聡?guó)南部各州加入北德意志聯(lián)邦時(shí)，他主動(dòng)把皇冠交給了普魯士國(guó)王。而當(dāng)普魯士國(guó)王在巴黎加冕為皇帝時(shí)，這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)還在進(jìn)行中。路德維希當(dāng)然不會(huì)在那里了。

And why did Ludwig offer the Prussian king the imperial crown? Because Ludwig was squandering money... by building something like Neuschwanstein Castle. So Bavaria was almost broke because of the war of 1866, but Ludwig still wanted to build and... Prussia had money and a plan ;)

那么，路德維希為什么要把皇冠交給普魯士國(guó)王呢？因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)的路德維希在揮霍錢(qián)財(cái)，比如建造新天鵝堡之類(lèi)的東西。所以巴伐利亞因?yàn)?866年的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)瀕臨破產(chǎn)，路德維希卻還是想大造特造，而且... 普魯士有錢(qián)，也有計(jì)劃。

After that Prussia was the boss in the German Empire... Bavaria was important, but under a Prussian emperor... historically a difficult situation for all involved. Then came the First World War, followed by the Nazis, who quickly gained a foothold, especially in Bavaria, and then the Second World War.

那以后，普魯士成為了德意志帝國(guó)的老大…巴伐利亞是很重要，但是在普魯士皇帝的統(tǒng)治之下...從歷史上看，這對(duì)所有參與方來(lái)說(shuō)都是一個(gè)很艱困的局面。然后便是第一次世界大戰(zhàn)，接著是納粹，他們很快就站穩(wěn)了腳跟，在巴伐利亞尤其如此，再然后就是第二次世界大戰(zhàn)了。

Democracy, federal states and ... Bavaria had a massive problem! It was effectively unable to support itself financially. It was an agricultural state with a bit of industry, but nothing really impressive.

民主制，聯(lián)邦國(guó)家…巴伐利亞碰到了一個(gè)大麻煩！它在財(cái)政上，其實(shí)是無(wú)力維持自身運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的。它是一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)國(guó)，有一點(diǎn)工業(yè)，但真沒(méi)有什么能讓人眼前一亮的產(chǎn)業(yè)。

Fortunately, there was (and still is) the so-called L?nderfinanzausgleich: rich states give money to poor states. And Bavaria got money for a very long time. Bavaria went from being an agricultural state to a state with important industry. And suddenly Bavaria generated more money than other federal states, so it went from money recipient to money payer.

幸運(yùn)的是，當(dāng)時(shí)有（現(xiàn)在仍然有）所謂的“各州財(cái)政均等化”：富裕的州向窮州提供資金。而巴伐利亞在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，都拿到了錢(qián)。巴伐利亞也從一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)州變身為一個(gè)擁有重要工業(yè)的州。巴伐利亞突然之間就比其他聯(lián)邦州生出了更多的錢(qián)，所以它也從資金的接受方變成了支付方。

And of course, Bavaria has been trying for years to change the fiscal equalisation system because they think that the poorer federal states (including Berlin) should make an effort to get money themselves... without Bavaria's help. Which doesn't go down so well with the northern German states.

當(dāng)然了，巴伐利亞多年來(lái)一直在試圖改變財(cái)政平衡制度，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為比較窮的聯(lián)邦州（包括柏林）不應(yīng)該接受巴伐利亞的幫助，而是靠自己去努力找錢(qián)。而這種主張?jiān)诘聡?guó)北部各州的接受度并不高。

In summary: Bavaria has mostly waged war against Prussia (together with France, or Austria or both). In 1866 they lost massively and had to pay a lot of money in reperations. France declares war on Prussia, Bavaria HAS to fight alongside Prussia in France. Bavaria's King Ludwig hates Prussia, but needs money to "pimp my crib". Prussia gives money and becomes emperor. World Wars. Bavaria poor. Bavaria becomes rich and behaves like an asshole. Also, quite a few Bavarians like to think they are Bavarians first, Germans second. Especially their politicians.

綜上所述：巴伐利亞（與法國(guó)一起，或與奧地利一起，或與這兩國(guó)一起）發(fā)動(dòng)的大部分戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)都是針對(duì)普魯士。1866年，他們慘敗而歸，不得不支付大量賠款。法國(guó)對(duì)普魯士宣戰(zhàn)，巴伐利亞不得不在法國(guó)與普魯士并肩作戰(zhàn)。巴伐利亞國(guó)王路德維希憎恨普魯士，但需要錢(qián)來(lái)“裝修窩棚”。普魯士給了錢(qián)并成為了皇帝。兩次世界大戰(zhàn)。巴伐利亞很窮。巴伐利亞變富了，然后就表現(xiàn)得像個(gè)混球。另外，相當(dāng)多的巴伐利亞人喜歡認(rèn)為他們首先是巴伐利亞人，然后才是德國(guó)人。尤其是他們的政治家。

But still, it hardly does the Bavarian politics of the post 1848 era justice to call them "pro Austrian". Other than Liechtenstein, there was only one German state I'd consider reliably pro-Austrian: Saxony under von Beust. The others had little intra-German ambitions other than self-preservation.

（回）但是，把1848年后的巴伐利亞政治說(shuō)成是“親奧地利”也談不上公正。除了列支敦士登，在我眼中只有一個(gè)德國(guó)州確實(shí)是親奧地利的：馮·博斯特領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的薩克森州。其他的州除了自保外，在德國(guó)內(nèi)部沒(méi)有什么野心。

德國(guó)人分享：為什么有那么多的德國(guó)人討厭巴伐利亞人？

德國(guó)人分享：為什么有那么多的德國(guó)人討厭巴伐利亞人？