街訪：日本成年年齡降至18歲日本民眾的看法

Street Interview: Japanese React To Lowering Adulthood Age To 18

2022-04-23 Vnn 17334 20 1 收藏糾錯&舉報

譯文簡介

近日，日本通過修改民法典將成年年齡從20歲下調(diào)到18歲，這是日本140年來首次更改對“成人”的法律定義。所以為什么日本要更改成年年齡，日本民眾是如何看待這一改變的呢？讓我們來到東京街頭找找答案。

正文翻譯

Recently, Japan lowered the age of adulthood from 20 to 18 by reversing the Civil Code and changing the legal definition of an adult for the first time in over 140 years. So why did Japan change the adulthood age, and how do ordinary Japanese citizens feel about this new change? Let’s hit the streets of Tokyo to find out.

近日，日本通過修改民法典將成年年齡從20歲下調(diào)到18歲，這是日本140年來首次更改對“成人”的法律定義。所以為什么日本要更改成年年齡，日本民眾是如何看待這一改變的呢？讓我們來到東京街頭找找答案。

評論翻譯

Q: Have you heard the recent news that Japan is lowering its adulthood age from 20 to 18?

問：你知道最近日本要將成年年齡從20歲下調(diào)到18歲這一新聞嗎？

A: Yes. It’s been a hot topic for quite some time, I’ve seen a lot of news about it.

答：聽過，這件事兒成為熱點(diǎn)話題已有一定時間了，我看過很多關(guān)于這個話題的新聞報道。
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Q: What was your immediate reaction to this?

問：你對這個事兒的當(dāng)下反應(yīng)是什么？
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A: The period between the ages of 20 and 18 maybe only 2 years. But for young people, those 2 years are very long. If we’re too quick to say, “you’re 18 so you’re an adult now.” I think there will be a lot of trouble in the future.

答：雖然20歲和18歲之間就差了僅僅2年時間，但是對于年輕人來講，2年時間也很長。如果我們現(xiàn)在著急說，“你已經(jīng)18歲了，是個成年人了?！蔽艺J(rèn)為在未來會帶來很多麻煩的。

A: I thought it would happen eventually, so I guess it’s only natural. I think that 18-year-olds are already adults, and I think they deserve to be treated in the same way as adults.

答：我認(rèn)為調(diào)低成年年齡是大勢所趨，所以我認(rèn)為這一舉措是順勢而生的。在我看來，18歲已經(jīng)算是成年人了，他們理應(yīng)以像其他大人相同的方式被對待。
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Q: For those who might not be familiar, what does this mean? What can 18-year-olds do now that they couldn’t before?

問：對不熟悉日本的人來說，這意味著什么呢？調(diào)低年齡后，18歲的年輕人能做什么之前不能做的事情嗎？

A: More decisions can be made by themselves without parental consent. For example, they’d be able to get their own credit card. Also, they will be able to get married without parental consent.

答：很多時候，他們能自己做決定了，而不需要得到父母的同意。例如，他們能辦自己的信用卡。此外，結(jié)婚也不需要父母的許可。

Q: Are there any limitations that will stay the same?

問：有哪些限制還會存在呢？

A: They still ban smoking and drinking alcohol for people under the age of 20, for health reasons.

答：為了健康，20歲以下的人禁煙禁酒。
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Q: Why do you think the government decided to lower the adulthood age to 18?

問：你認(rèn)為政府為什么將成年年齡下調(diào)至18歲呢？

A: Maybe to lower the average age of marriage…Perhaps the goal is to get people married as early as possible, considering Japan’s declining birth rate and aging population.

答：可能是要因此降低平均結(jié)婚年齡……也許目的是讓人們盡可能地早結(jié)婚，咱們想想日本不斷下降的出生率和不斷增加的老齡人口。

A: Even if you take a look at some the countries abroad, ther are countries that socially recognize 16 and 18-year-olds as adults, rather than waiting until they turn 20 or 21 years old.

問：如果你看看其他國家，有的國家將18歲，甚至16歲當(dāng)作成年年齡，而不是非得等到20或21歲。
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A: Maybe it’s because the percentage of the elderly in Japan has grown too large, while the percentage of young people is declining, so they end up only listening to the opinions of a bunch of old people. Old people are so self-centered that they only focus on their own rights, but perhaps they realized the need to listen to the younger generation as well, so they decided to make this change.

答：這可能是因?yàn)槿毡纠夏耆丝谠鲩L地太多了，而年輕人口的比例卻在下降，政府只能聽一群老年人的意見。老年人是如此以自我為中心，他們只在乎自己的權(quán)利。所以可能政府意識到了需要聽取年輕一代的意見，他們才決定調(diào)低成年年齡。

Q: Are there any differences between Japanese youth and youth overseas?

問：日本年輕人和其他國家的年輕人有什么不同么？

A: I think it depends on each and every country. But even just by looking at American children, I notice that they are more independant than Japanese children from a fairly early age. I saw many students who were already paying for their own university tuition fees. I felt that young people over there had clear opinions about the society they live in.

答：我認(rèn)為這取決于每個國家（的國情）。但是看看美國的孩子，我注意到他們比日本孩子獨(dú)立地更早。我看很多（美國）學(xué)生都自行支付大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)。我感覺其他國家的年輕人對自己處于怎樣的社會有著清晰的認(rèn)知，

Q: Overall, do you personally agree or disagree with Japan’s move to lower its adulthood age?

問：總的來說，對于日本降低成年年齡的舉措，你是同意還是不同意？

A: I agree it. I think that 18-year-olds should be able to understand the importance of self-responsibility to some extent.

答：我同意。我認(rèn)為從一定程度來說，18歲已經(jīng)可以知道為自己負(fù)責(zé)的重要性了。

A: I personally was very oppsed to it. 18-year-olds are still…When it comes to mental age …they are not as mature as adults.

答：我個人非常反對。18歲還是……當(dāng)談及心理年齡時，18歲的（青少年）還是不如成年人成熟。

A: I agree. I think it would reduce the burden on the parents.

答：我同意。我認(rèn)為這能減輕父母的負(fù)擔(dān)。

A: I don’t agree. The age of adulthood for alcohol and cigarettes isn’t changing. It only makes you take on more responsibilities, so I don’t see any point.

答：我不同意。允許（購買）煙酒的年齡并沒有改變。調(diào)低成年年齡只能讓你承擔(dān)更多的責(zé)任，所以我看不到其他的意義。

Q: How do you think this will affect young people getting married?

問：你認(rèn)為調(diào)低成年年齡會如何影響年輕人對結(jié)婚的看法？
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A: While the age at which people get married is getting higher compared to before, this may give young people a reason to consider marriage at an ealier age.

答：與從前相比，年輕人結(jié)婚的年齡越來越大了，而調(diào)低成年年齡會給年輕人一個理由，讓他們考慮早些結(jié)婚。

A: Feer and Fewer people are getting married in the frst place. So just becaue the marriageable age or the age of adulthood is lowered, I don’t think the situation will change.

問：越來越少的人選擇結(jié)婚。所以如果只是結(jié)婚年齡或者成年年齡下降，我不認(rèn)為當(dāng)前局面會得到改變。

A: Many of my friends told me that they haven’t been able to meet anyone since they started working. On the contrary, students have more changes to meet new people, and I see a lot of student couples on social media now, so yes, I think the number of marriages will increase.

答：我的許多朋友告訴我，他們參加工作以后才開始約會。與之不同的是，學(xué)生有更有結(jié)識新朋友的機(jī)會，我在社交媒體上看到很多學(xué)生情侶。所以是的，我認(rèn)為（調(diào)低結(jié)婚年齡后）結(jié)婚人數(shù)會增加。

Q: If political participation was one of the main reasons, how do you think this change will affect voter turnout in reality?

問：如果政治參與是主要原因，你認(rèn)為調(diào)低成年年齡會如何影響投票率？

A: Voter turnout is very low in Japan, even compared to other countries. The voting rate should definitely be increased, but I think the first step is to educate young people to take an interest in politics.

答：比起其他國家，日本的投票率都是很低的。（調(diào)低成年年齡后），投票率應(yīng)該會上升，但是我認(rèn)為首要一步是要教育年輕人，提高其參政的興趣。

Q: In Japan, how interested would you say young people are in politics in general?

問：在日本，你認(rèn)為年輕人對參政的興趣有多大？
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A: Not many are interested. I don’t think young people care that much.

問：沒有多少人感興趣。我認(rèn)為年輕人不怎么關(guān)注（政治）。

Q: What kind of politics do you think are necessary for young peopel?

問：你認(rèn)為對年輕人來說，什么政策是必須的呢？

A: As a countermeasure to the declining birth rate, the government wants young people to get married and have children. But without a financial support system, it is difficult for young people to get married. Salaries are not rising and taxes are needlessly high.

答：為了控制不斷下降的出生率，政府希望年輕人結(jié)婚生孩子。但是沒有財政體系支持，年輕人很難結(jié)婚。（此外）人們工資沒有增長，但是稅收還高。

Q: Why are young people not interested in politics?

問：為什么年輕人對政策不感興趣？

A: The politicians simply don’t focus on the younger generation, so young people feel like thier voices don’t matter.

答：政客的重點(diǎn)一般不在年輕一代的身上，所以年輕人感覺他們發(fā)不發(fā)聲并不重要。

Q: Perhaps one of the unintended consequneces of lowering the adulthood age maybe about how it will affect the adult film industry. Why is this such a big concern for many people in Japan?

問：可能降低成年年齡會對成人電影行業(yè)產(chǎn)生潛在影響。為什么這成為許多日本人格外關(guān)注的問題呢？

A: I assume that people who want to work in that industry are those who are in need of money. Now 18 and 19 year-olds can say, “Well, I don’t have money, so I’m gonna go work in that industry.” I guess that could be one of the downsides.

答：我認(rèn)為想在這個行業(yè)工作的人都是缺錢的人。（調(diào)低成人年齡后）18、9歲的青年能這樣說，“對啊，我沒有錢，所以我要在AV行業(yè)工作。”我認(rèn)為這是（降低年齡）帶來的一個缺點(diǎn)。
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A: Japan is known for its adult videos (AV). And there’s honestly not a lot of regulation around that. I think there’s also a concern that it might lower the bar for people who can feature in these videos. There should especially be a system that prevents people from being lured into signing strange contracts without proper consent.

答：日本的成人影像（AV）很出名。而說實(shí)話，針對這方面沒有很多的監(jiān)管。所以我認(rèn)為（調(diào)低成人年齡）還會帶來這么一個擔(dān)憂，那就是降低AV從業(yè)者的條件限制。所以說尤其需要一個系統(tǒng)，來防止青少年在沒偶遇父母許可的情況下被誘騙簽訂奇怪的合同。

Q: How big of an issues is it for young people to get tricked into the porn industry in Japan?

問：對于日本青年來說，被騙進(jìn)入色情行業(yè)的問題有多嚴(yán)重呢？

A: I heard people are sometimes casually asked to join something and they eventually find out that it’s for filming porn. I think it’s scary to know that more of these things may happen.

答：我聽說，人們時不時被問及要不要加入某個活動，最后才發(fā)現(xiàn)是拍攝色情電影。我認(rèn)為想想真實(shí)可能發(fā)生的事情，這真令人可怕。

Q: How does that usually happen?

問：這情況經(jīng)常發(fā)生么？

A: I heard that they approach people just like a street interview, asking if they could have a fewminutes of their time, and go to a cafe together. Then at the cafe, they would say, “I actually want you to feature in a video.”

問：我聽過色情行業(yè)從業(yè)者像進(jìn)行街訪一樣接近可能對象，問能否耽誤其幾分鐘的時間，然后他們就一起去咖啡廳了。在咖啡廳，色情行業(yè)從業(yè)者會說，“我實(shí)際上想讓你拍AV視頻?！?/b>

Q: Why do you think some people go along with it?

問：你認(rèn)為為什么有人會加入這一行呢？

A: That much is a bit hard for me to tell, but I think getting paid a significant amount maybe a part of it.

答：我認(rèn)為這很難講，但是高額的報酬絕對是原因之一。

Q: Another concern that is often mentioned is the risks of consumer scams and pyramid schemes. Why are people so concerned that 18 and 19-year-olds could fall victim to that?

問：另一個擔(dān)憂就是常常被提及的消費(fèi)者騙局和傳銷陷阱。為什么人們?nèi)绱藫?dān)心18、9歲的年輕人成為這些的受害者呢？
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A: When you just start university, you don’t want to get left behind, and you don’t have money but you also want to have fun. And then you’d hear from older students saying things like, “Here are ways to make ease money,” so they join.

答：當(dāng)你剛剛步入大學(xué)的時候，你不想被拉下，你雖然沒有太多的錢，但是還是想找樂子。所以你能聽到一些更年長的學(xué)生說道，“這兒有賺快錢的方式，”所以這些年輕人加入進(jìn)來了。

Q: Could you give an advice to young people who are entering adulthood?

問：你對即將進(jìn)入成年世界的年輕人有什么建議么？

A: The world is a scary place. There are so many unexpected things waiting for you.

答：這個世界是個危險的地方。前方還有很多不可知的事情等著你呢。

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街訪日本成年年齡 18歲

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街訪：日本成年年齡降至18歲 日本民眾的看法

街訪：日本成年年齡降至18歲日本民眾的看法