Every culture has their own perceptions of beauty. While there are similarities, Asian and Western cultures often have very different beauty standards.

每一種文化都有自己對美的感知。雖然有相似之處，但亞洲和西方文化往往有非常不同的審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

Certain looks are often favoured in Asian cultures. In Western cultures and for many Caucasians, the ‘ideal look’ can be very different.

在亞洲文化中，某些外表通常是受歡迎的。而在西方文化中，對許多白種人來說，理想的外表可能是非常不同的。


Having lived in both Asia and Australia, I’ve noticed different people and cultures measure beauty differently. What is attractive and beautiful to someone may not be to someone of another background.

生活在亞洲和澳大利亞，我注意到不同的人和文化對美有不同的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。對一個人來說很有吸引力和美麗的東西可能不適合另一種背景的人。
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Here are some common perceptions, trends and differences between Asian and Western beauty standards, with a focus on East and South-East Asian and Australian beauty standards among women.

這里有一些關(guān)于亞洲和西方審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的共同看法、趨勢和差異，重點關(guān)注東亞、東南亞和澳大利亞女性的審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

1. Eyes

1. 眼睛

Round, big doe eyes with double eyelids tend to be favoured in Asian cultures. Monolids are often seen as unattractive.

在亞洲文化中，圓眼睛、雙眼皮的大眼睛往往受到青睞。而單眼皮通常被認(rèn)為沒有吸引力。
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Blepharoplasty or double eyelid surgery is one of the most popular cosmetic procedures among Chinese, Japanese and Korean women. Some want to look ‘more white’ with bigger eyes while others argue double eyelids simply gives the illusion of more open eyes regardless of ethnicity. Bigger, doe eyes are commonly seen as more feminine and doll-like which is often desired in the feminine Asian epitome.

眼瞼成形術(shù)或雙眼皮手術(shù)是中國、日本和韓國女性中最受歡迎的整容手術(shù)之一。一些人希望用更大的眼睛讓自己看起來“更白”，而另一些人則認(rèn)為雙眼皮會給人一種眼睛睜得更大的感覺。更大的眼睛通常被視為更女性化的，像洋娃娃一樣，這在亞洲女性中通常被認(rèn)為是理想的。

For many Caucasians, what’s the most common, most fascinating and more attractive eye colour is a popular topic. Research has shown blue eyes seem to be idolised and interestingly enough, the blonde-hair blue-eyed Aussie stereotype is one of the more memorable looks around the world.

對于許多白種人來說，最常見、最迷人、最吸引人的眼睛顏色是什么是一個熱門話題。研究表明，藍(lán)眼睛似乎很受人追捧，有趣的是，金發(fā)碧眼的澳大利亞人是世界上最令人難忘的面孔之一。

2. Nose

2. 鼻子

Asians generally have flatter, wider noses compared to Westerners. There’s a preference for smaller, slender and straight noses among many Asian women, and this was explored in a study on ideal facial beauty in China. This look for a nose arguably mimics the shape of Western noses to some degree, but on a smaller scale. Interestingly enough, some Westerners see big noses as beautiful.

與西方人相比，亞洲人的鼻子通常更平更寬。許多亞洲女性偏愛更小、更修長、更直的鼻子，這是一項關(guān)于中國理想臉型的研究得出的結(jié)論?？梢哉f，這種鼻子的形狀在某種程度上與西方人的鼻子相似，但體積較小。有趣的是，一些西方人認(rèn)為大鼻子很漂亮。

3. Face

3.臉

When it comes to facial structure, smaller, V-shaped faces is highly desired among Asian women. This usually entails a rounder forehead with round eyes, and a slim chin and jawline, which are markers of Korean beauty standards. Caucasian women on the other hand seem to prefer higher, protruding cheekbones.

說到面部結(jié)構(gòu)，亞洲女性非常喜歡小一點的v型臉。額頭更圓，眼睛更圓，下巴更細(xì)，這是韓國人的審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。另一方面，白人女性似乎更喜歡高而突出的顴骨。

When it comes to makeup, Asians lean towards natural makeup looks. Many like the glowy, glass-like skin look that projects a youthful, innocent aura. Westerners normally show fiercer makeup looks such as favouring sharp, bold contoured cheekbones – which coincidentally matches the stereotypical outgoing, friendly white Australian persona and gives the illusion of a tan.

說到化妝，亞洲人傾向于自然的妝容。許多人喜歡那種玻璃般光澤的皮膚，散發(fā)出年輕、天真的氣息。西方人的妝容通常比較夸張，比如喜歡輪廓鮮明的顴骨，而這恰好符合外向、友好的澳大利亞白人的形象，給人一種古銅色皮膚的錯覺。

4. Skin colour

4. 膚色

Many in South-East Asia prefer having fair skin. Some are obsessed with having their skin look as pale as possible, wearing long sleeve clothing and using umbrellas to shield themselves from the sun to avoid getting tanned. Skin whitening products are all the rage in many parts of Asia too.

許多東南亞人喜歡白皙的皮膚。有些人癡迷于讓自己的皮膚看起來盡可能白，他們穿著長袖衣服，用雨傘遮擋陽光，以免被曬黑。美白產(chǎn)品在亞洲許多地區(qū)也很流行。

Fair skin is a marker of privilege and class in Asian cultures. It has been desired throughout history in Chinese culture, symbolising a luxurious life as opposed to a life of laborious work in paddy fields and getting very tanned skin as a result.

在亞洲文化中，白皙的皮膚是特權(quán)和階級的標(biāo)志。在中國文化的歷史長河中，它一直被渴望，象征著奢侈的生活，而不是在稻田里辛苦勞作的生活，導(dǎo)致皮膚被曬得很黑。

In other words, looking ‘dark’ is seen as ‘ugly and poor’ to some Chinese. Moreover, getting tanned also generally leads to more wrinkles and skin damage, and looking youthful is prided upon among many Asians.

換句話說，在一些中國人看來，看起來“黑”就是“丑陋和貧窮”。此外，曬黑通常也會導(dǎo)致更多的皺紋和皮膚損傷，許多亞洲人以看起來年輕為傲。

On the other hand, many Australians desire to look a few shades darker. Many Anglo-Saxon Australians are fond of tanning during summer and see a tan as attractive.

相反，許多澳大利亞人希望自己的膚色能深一點。許多盎格魯-撒克遜人喜歡在夏天曬黑，認(rèn)為把皮膚曬成古銅色很有吸引力。

5. Body type

5. 體型

There’s the common perception that slender and slim bodies are the epitome of beauty across Asian, Western and many other cultures. A bigger chest is also usually regarded as attractive.

在亞洲和許多其他文化中，人們普遍認(rèn)為苗條的身材是美的象征。大胸部通常也被認(rèn)為是有吸引力的。

Noticeably many people tend to have larger physiques in Western places, such as larger physical stature and more voluptuous bodies. There is generally more proudness and acceptance of these kinds of bodies here compared to places in Asia.

很明顯，在西方國家，很多人傾向于擁有更大的體型，比如身材更大，身體更豐滿。與亞洲地區(qū)相比，這里的人普遍更自傲，更能接受這樣的體型。

6. Feet

6. 腳

Historically small feet is desired in Chinese culture. Along with having a small face and petite body, small feet is seen as beautiful. During the Tang Dynasty in China, foot-binding was common among young women to restrict their normal foot growth.

歷史上，小腳在中國文化中是很受歡迎的。小腳和小臉、嬌小的身材一樣，被認(rèn)為是美麗的。在唐朝，纏足在年輕女性中很普遍，以限制她們的腳的正常生長。

Not much has been said about the relationship between feet and beauty in Western cultures. However, if you have big feet it’s usually hard to find shoes in the right size anywhere.

在西方文化中，關(guān)于腳與美之間的關(guān)系，人們談?wù)摰貌⒉欢唷Ｈ欢?，如果你的腳很大，通常很難在任何地方買到合適的鞋子。

7. Clothes

7. 衣服

The trend to look kawaii in Asia is quite popular. Made popular in Japan, dressing up and looking innocent, na?ve or childlike is part of the kawaii look (also known as cute Asian fashion), along with wearing colours. Often looking young and docile is seen as attractive; in Asian cultures youthfulness is prided upon and dressing up is also a kind of escapism from working long hours.

在亞洲，看起來可愛的潮流非常流行。在日本很流行打扮成天真爛漫的樣子，天真無暇或單純爛漫是卡哇伊(也被稱為可愛的亞洲時尚)的一部分，包括衣著的顏色?？雌饋砟贻p溫順被認(rèn)為是有吸引力的;亞洲人以年輕為傲，穿衣打扮也是一種逃避長時間工作的方式。

Here in Melbourne wearing black is quite the trend. People here wear black a lot as it blends in with different outfits throughout different seasons – and arguably a colour that is flattering on many.

在墨爾本，穿黑色的衣服是一種潮流。這里的人喜歡穿黑色的衣服，因為在不同的季節(jié)里，黑色都可以與不同的衣服搭在一起——可以說，黑色是一種討人喜歡的顏色。

* * *
Everyone defines beauty differently. Sometimes you won’t understand someone’s perception of beauty. Perhaps how someone dresses or how they see another culture’s habits or traits can even amuse you.

每個人對美的定義都不一樣。有時候你不會理解別人對美的看法。也許一個人的穿著方式，或者他們?nèi)绾慰创硪环N文化的習(xí)慣或特點，甚至?xí)屇惆l(fā)笑。

For instance, once I was on the tram and this Caucasian lady got up and offered her seat to two short, petite elderly Asian women. The two elderly Asian ladies looked greatful and sat down. The moment they sat down, one of them said in Mandarin, ‘This seat is so hot! Just like other white people, that white lady has a really big butt!’

例如，有一次我在有軌電車上，一位白人女士站起來，把她的座位讓給了兩個矮小的亞洲老年婦女。兩位年長的亞洲女士看上去很感激，然后坐了下來。他們一坐下，其中一人就用普通話說:“這個座位都被捂熱乎了!就像其他白人一樣，那個白人女士的屁股真的很大!”

There has been much discussion around the Westernisation of Asian beauty, and that Western colonisation has left its mark on Asian perceptions of beauty to some degree. The paper Occidentalism of Beauty Standards suggests during British imperialism, East-Asian female deities were illustrated in artworks to emphasise their sexuality and golden skin in contrast with ordinary East-Asians features.

關(guān)于亞洲美的西方化有很多討論，西方的殖民在一定程度上影響了亞洲人對美的看法?！段鞣綄徝罉?biāo)準(zhǔn)論》這篇論文指出，在英帝國主義時期，東亞的女性神靈在藝術(shù)作品中通常強(qiáng)調(diào)她們的性感和金色的皮膚，這與普通的東亞女性特征形成了鮮明的對比。

It’s no surprise then that racism is often embedded within beauty standards. You could be treated differently based on the way you look: some see women from Asian backgrounds as attractively ‘exotic’. Some see an Asian woman who looks masculine or androgynous as a turn off or simply not a good enough, feminine Asian woman.

因此，種族主義常常被嵌入到審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中也就不足為奇了。根據(jù)你的長相，你可能會受到不同的對待:一些人認(rèn)為來自亞洲背景的女性擁有迷人的“異國情調(diào)”，而有些人認(rèn)為亞洲女性如果看起來很男性化就會讓人反感，或者根本就不是一個合格的、女性化的亞洲女性。

My friends in Singapore are fairly tanned with their skin a few shades darker than mine. That’s usually because Singapore is tropical and sunny all year round whereas where I am in Melbourne it’s much less sunny all year. When I catch up with my friends in Singapore, many of them exclaim along the lines of, ‘Look! Your skin is so pale! Very pretty!’

我在新加坡的朋友曬得相當(dāng)黑，他們的皮膚比我的深一些。這通常是因為新加坡是熱帶地區(qū)，全年陽光明媚，而我所在的墨爾本全年陽光不那么充足。當(dāng)我和新加坡的朋友見面時，他們中的許多人會大聲說:“哇!你的皮膚好白好漂亮!”

You go through different phases and ages in life, and value beauty differently. The growing older process also affects how you look and how you feel, just like the stresses and joys of life as well. At different points in your life, you dress a certain way depending on what fashion you’re into, what feels comfortable or what you can afford.

每個人的人生階段和年齡不同，對美的重視也不同。變老的過程也會影響你的外表和感覺，就像生活中的壓力和快樂一樣。在人生的不同階段，你的穿衣方式取決于你喜歡什么時尚，什么會讓你感覺舒服，或者你能負(fù)擔(dān)得起什么。

In a world that prides on looks as markers success and the epitome of beauty, it’s easy to forget about beauty within. The phrase ‘look good, feel good’ isn’t always true. You could look put together by society standards but on the inside you’re going through personal issues or working on improving parts of yourself (or yet to realise these sides of yourself).

在一個以外表作為成功的標(biāo)志和以美麗而自豪的世界里，人們很容易忘記內(nèi)在的美?！翱雌饋聿诲e，感覺不錯”這句話并不總是正確的。按照社會標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，你可能看起來很迷人，但在內(nèi)心深處，你正在經(jīng)歷個人問題或努力改善自己的某些方面(或甚至尚未意識到自己的這些方面存在問題)。

You could look attractive to someone but they’ll probably remember you more for the way you treat them and make them feel.

你可能看起來很有吸引力，但他們同樣可能會因為你對待他們的方式和給他們的感覺更好而記住你。

How you define and value beauty affects your self-esteem and relationships around you. Perhaps when you ’feel good, look good’, you’re more likely to feel the most comfortable and confident around others – and especially with yourself.

你對美的定義和價值會影響你的自尊和與周圍人的關(guān)系。也許當(dāng)你“感覺良好，看起來不錯”時，你在別人身邊，尤其是在自己面前，可能會感到更舒適和更自信。