‘Embarrassed to be British’: Brexit study reveals impact on UK citizens in EU
-Survey of Britons on continent shows ‘deep transformations’, shame and disappointment

“作為英國(guó)人感到尷尬”：英國(guó)脫歐研究揭示了在歐盟的英國(guó)公民受到的影響
——對(duì)歐洲大陸英國(guó)人的調(diào)查顯示出“深刻的轉(zhuǎn)變”、羞恥和失望


(A commuter wheels a bicycle near the Grande Arch monument in the La Defense business district in Paris, France.)

（一名上班族在法國(guó)巴黎拉德芳斯商業(yè)區(qū)的大拱門(mén)附近騎自行車(chē)。）
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The first major study since Brexit of UK citizens living in the EU has revealed its profound impact on their lives, with many expressing serious concerns over their loss of free movement and voting rights – and a very different perception of Britain.

自英國(guó)脫歐以來(lái)，對(duì)生活在歐盟的英國(guó)公民的首次重大研究揭示了脫歐對(duì)他們生活的深刻影響，許多人對(duì)他們失去自由行動(dòng)和投票權(quán)表示嚴(yán)重?fù)?dān)憂(yōu)——以及對(duì)英國(guó)的截然不同的看法。

The survey, of 1,328 British nationals across the continent, showed that if “the public narrative suggests Brexit is done and dusted, it has brought deep transformations to the lives of British citizens in the EU and EEA”, the study’s co-lead, Michaela Benson, said.

該研究的共同負(fù)責(zé)人米歇拉·本森表示，這項(xiàng)針對(duì)歐洲大陸1328名英國(guó)公民的調(diào)查顯示，如果“公眾敘事表明，英國(guó)脫歐已經(jīng)塵埃落定，它已經(jīng)給歐盟和歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)地區(qū)的英國(guó)公民的生活帶來(lái)了深刻的轉(zhuǎn)變”。

“The long tail of Brexit is evident in its continuing impacts both on the way they live their lives, and in its lasting significance for their sense of identity and belonging,” said Benson, a sociology professor at Lancaster University.

蘭開(kāi)斯特大學(xué)社會(huì)學(xué)教授本森說(shuō)：“英國(guó)脫歐的長(zhǎng)尾效應(yīng)明顯體現(xiàn)在對(duì)他們生活方式的持續(xù)影響，以及對(duì)他們的身份和歸屬感的持久意義?！?/b>

The survey, conducted between December 2021 and January 2022, a year after the end of the Brexit transition period, and part of a wider project by Lancaster and Birmingham universities, found 59% of respondents had lived in their country of residence for at least five years and most intended to stay.

這項(xiàng)調(diào)查是蘭開(kāi)斯特大學(xué)和伯明翰大學(xué)一項(xiàng)更廣泛項(xiàng)目的一部分，于2021年12月至2022年1月期間進(jìn)行的，當(dāng)時(shí)英國(guó)脫歐過(guò)渡期結(jié)束一年。調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)59%的受訪(fǎng)者已經(jīng)在他們的居住國(guó)生活了至少5年，且大多數(shù)人打算繼續(xù)定居。
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But many were angered by their loss of free movement, meaning they can no longer move within the EU for work, or retire to another EU country, and especially worried about being unable to return to the UK with non-British family members in future.

但許多人對(duì)失去自由流動(dòng)感到憤怒，這意味著他們不能再在歐盟內(nèi)部工作，或退休后去另一個(gè)歐盟國(guó)家，尤其擔(dān)心未來(lái)無(wú)法與非英國(guó)家庭成員一起返回英國(guó)。
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Asked whether their past or future migration plans had been affected by Brexit, 27% of respondents said it had affected them a great deal, and 14% a lot. “Where does one even start?” was the response of one British citizen living in Belgium. “Loss of rights like freedom of movement around the EU and to the UK. With a wife who is an EU citizen, I had to decide whether to move to the relevant EU country or stay in the UK. Family now cannot move back to Britain. Uncertainty.”

當(dāng)被問(wèn)及他們過(guò)去或未來(lái)的移民計(jì)劃是否受到英國(guó)脫歐的影響時(shí)，27%的受訪(fǎng)者表示這對(duì)他們影響極大，14%的受訪(fǎng)者表示影響很大?！坝绊憗?lái)自何處？”這是一名居住在比利時(shí)的英國(guó)公民的回答——“失去了在歐盟和英國(guó)自由流動(dòng)的權(quán)利。我的妻子是歐盟公民，我必須決定是搬到相關(guān)的歐盟國(guó)家還是留在英國(guó)。家人現(xiàn)在不能搬回英國(guó)。不知道該怎么辦?！?/b>

Another said: “I moved to France in 2020 in order to protect my right to live and work in France post-Brexit. My migration is 100% a result of Brexit.”

還有人說(shuō)：“我在2020年搬到了法國(guó)，是為了在英國(guó)脫歐后保護(hù)我在法國(guó)生活和工作的權(quán)利。我的移民100%是英國(guó)脫歐的結(jié)果?！?/b>

Brexit, and the British government’s handling of the Covid pandemic, strongly affected 80% of respondents’ feelings towards the UK, with responses including “deep shame”, “disappointment”, “a shit show”, “embarrassed to be British”, “shambolic”, and “l(fā)ike watching a house on fire”.

英國(guó)脫歐和英國(guó)政府的抗疫嚴(yán)重影響了80%的受訪(fǎng)者對(duì)英國(guó)的看法，他們的回答包括“深感羞恥”、“失望”、“一場(chǎng)垃圾秀”、“作為英國(guó)人感到尷尬”、“一團(tuán)糟”和“就像看到房子著火了”。

Just over 30% still felt very or extremely emotionally attached to the UK, compared with 75% who said they felt a very or extreme emotional attachment to the EU, and 59% who felt the same in relation to their country of residence.

超過(guò)30%的人仍然對(duì)英國(guó)有非?；驑O端的情感依戀，相比之下，75%的人說(shuō)他們對(duì)歐盟有非常或極端的情感依戀，59%的人對(duì)他們的居住國(guó)有同樣的情感依戀。

“For me, one of the most interesting things the survey reveals is this sense of disappointment, shame and anguish over Brexit and the pandemic – and a really quite pronounced expression of European identity,” Benson said.

本森說(shuō)：“在我看來(lái)，這項(xiàng)調(diào)查揭示的最有趣的事情之一是人們對(duì)英國(guó)脫歐和新冠肺炎疫情的失望、羞恥和痛苦感，這是對(duì)‘歐洲身份’的一種非常明顯的表達(dá)?！?/b>

About two-thirds had changed their legal status since 2016, acquiring residency or citizenship. But nearly half did not have the same status – and therefore the same migration and settlement rights – as some or all of their close family members.

自2016年以來(lái)，約三分之二的受訪(fǎng)者改變了他們的法律地位，獲得了居住權(quán)或公民身份。但近一半的受訪(fǎng)者沒(méi)有與他們的部分或全部近親家庭成員相同的地位，因此沒(méi)有相同的移民和定居權(quán)利。

This was a major or significant concern for a large majority of respondents, who said it was affecting their own and their children’s work, career and education, or would do so in the future.

這是大多數(shù)受訪(fǎng)者的主要或重大擔(dān)憂(yōu)，他們表示，這正在影響他們自己和孩子的工作、職業(yè)和教育，或在未來(lái)會(huì)影響。
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“My wife is a Russian citizen,” said one respondent in Italy. “Her right to live and work depend upon my status under the withdrawal agreement. She fears a potential move to another EU country as her residency rights are totally dependent upon mine.”

“我妻子是俄羅斯公民，”意大利的一名受訪(fǎng)者說(shuō)?！案鶕?jù)脫歐協(xié)議，她的生活和工作權(quán)利取決于我的身份。她擔(dān)心自己可能會(huì)搬到另一個(gè)歐盟國(guó)家，因?yàn)樗木恿魴?quán)完全取決于我。”

Those who felt they may want or need to move back to the UK at some stage felt particularly affected, since non-British partners and other family members coming with them would now be subject to UK domestic immigration controls.

那些認(rèn)為自己可能希望或需要在某個(gè)階段搬回英國(guó)的人感到特別受影響，因?yàn)榕c他們同行的非英國(guó)伴侶和其他家庭成員現(xiàn)在將受到英國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)移民管控。

“I have a house in England,” said one respondent, who has lived in the Netherlands for 10 years. “I was going to retire there. It’s now being sold. My wife is Dutch. I do not think she could even relocate back to the UK – despite joint ownership of a house, having lived there for 15 years, being fluent in English and having two dual-nationality kids.”

“我在英國(guó)有房子，”一名已經(jīng)在荷蘭生活了10年的受訪(fǎng)者說(shuō)?！拔以敬蛩阍谀抢锿诵荨，F(xiàn)在它正在被出售。我妻子是荷蘭人。我認(rèn)為她甚至不可能搬回英國(guó)——盡管她和別人共同擁有一所房子，已經(jīng)在英國(guó)生活了15年，英語(yǔ)流利，還有兩個(gè)雙重國(guó)籍的孩子?！?/b>

The loss of EU voting rights was also a big concern, with 46% saying they could no longer vote in European elections or, in most cases, local elections in their country of residence. Roughly 42% were also unable to vote in the UK because they had lived abroad for more than 15 years, although this is expected to change.

失去歐盟投票權(quán)也是一個(gè)大問(wèn)題，46%的人說(shuō)他們不能再在歐洲選舉中投票，或者在大多數(shù)情況下，不能在居住國(guó)的地方選舉中投票了。大約42%的人在英國(guó)也不能投票，因?yàn)樗麄円呀?jīng)在國(guó)外生活了15年以上，盡管這一情況有望改變。