拿破侖是意大利人還是法國(guó)人？
Was Napoleon Italian French?
譯文簡(jiǎn)介
拿破侖是一個(gè)意大利人，不過(guò)也是一個(gè)法國(guó)公民。
正文翻譯
Was Napoleon Italian French?
拿破侖是意大利人還是法國(guó)人？
拿破侖是意大利人還是法國(guó)人？
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, knows English
Napoleon was an ethnic Italian but a French citizen. His first language was Italian, together with the local Corsican dialect, and he never managed to speak French without an accent.
Napoleon was born few months after Corsica became French. Official language in Corsica was Italian (until 1859), and his baptism certificate was in that language, which was also the language of his early education. He first started to learn French as second language at the age of 9. Reportedly, his mother (Letizia Ramolino), coming from a family of anti-French feelings, always refused to learn and speak French.
Having said that, Napoleon made all his career in France and for France. It would be impossible not to regard him as a French historical figure.
Napoleon as king of Italy, wearing the Corona Ferrea, ancient symbol of Italian kingdoms
拿破侖是一個(gè)意大利人，不過(guò)是一個(gè)法國(guó)公民。他的第一語(yǔ)言是意大利語(yǔ)，加上當(dāng)?shù)氐目莆骷畏窖裕麖膩?lái)沒有辦法說(shuō)沒有口音的法語(yǔ)。
拿破侖是在科西嘉島成為法國(guó)領(lǐng)土的幾個(gè)月后出生的?？莆骷蔚墓俜秸Z(yǔ)言是意大利語(yǔ)（直到1859年），他的洗禮證書是用這種語(yǔ)言寫的，這也是他早期受教育時(shí)使用的語(yǔ)言。據(jù)稱，他的母親（萊蒂齊亞-拉莫利諾）來(lái)自一個(gè)反法家庭，一直拒絕學(xué)習(xí)和講法語(yǔ)，他在9歲時(shí)才開始學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ)作為第二語(yǔ)言。
盡管如此，拿破侖的所有事業(yè)都是在法國(guó)和為法國(guó)而做的。不可能不把他看作是一個(gè)法國(guó)歷史人物。
拿破侖作為意大利國(guó)王，佩戴著意大利王國(guó)的古老象征--鐵王冠。
I don’t think that Corsicans would like you saying that Napoleon was Italian, While Corsica was ruled by Genoa for hundreds of years, the Corsican people feel they have a separate ethnic identity from both France and Italy, whether this means anything in the real world except pride is another story.
我不認(rèn)為科西嘉人會(huì)喜歡你說(shuō)拿破侖是意大利人，雖然科西嘉被熱那亞統(tǒng)治了幾百年，但科西嘉人覺得他們有一種獨(dú)立于法國(guó)和意大利之外的民族身份，雖然這在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中除了自豪感之外還意味著什么暫且不論。
Italy did not exist until the 186i when the kigdom of Itly was formed, therefore he was a Corsican, which was ruled by the Maritime Republic of Genoa a major commercial power in both the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, which existed from the 11th century to the 18th century. There were other Maritime Republics: Pisa, Venice and Amalfi, along with the lesser known Ragusa (now Dubrovnik), Gaeta, Ancona, and Noli.
意大利直到1861年才成立，因此他應(yīng)該是由熱那亞海上共和國(guó)統(tǒng)治的科西嘉人。熱那亞是地中海和黑海的主要商業(yè)強(qiáng)國(guó)，從11世紀(jì)到18世紀(jì)一直存在。這段時(shí)間還存在其他的海上共和國(guó)。比如比薩、威尼斯和阿馬爾菲，以及不太知名的拉古薩（現(xiàn)在的杜布羅夫尼克）、加埃塔、安科納和諾利。
Italy did not exist as a unitarian State, however an Italian nation and language did exist, and people were calling themselves Italian. Napoleon established in 1805 a kingdom of Italy, crowned itself as king of Italy, and define himself as an Italian in the Memorial of Saint Helena
意大利雖然那時(shí)并不作為一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的國(guó)家而存在，但是意大利民族和語(yǔ)言確實(shí)存在，而且人們都自稱是意大利人。拿破侖在1805年建立了一個(gè)意大利王國(guó)，自封為意大利國(guó)王，并在《圣赫勒拿島紀(jì)念》中把自己定義為意大利人。
He felt so Italian that you can find 20 times more verified quotes from him where he explains how proud he was to be French and of the greatness of France, that he wanted to make even greater. The greatness of Italy (which again didn’t even existed at that time) was never his goal during his reign, he had greater things to think about.
In the introduction of his testament that he wrote in St Helena he clearly and specifically expresses his wish to be buried in Paris and his deep love for France and the French people. Not a word for Corsica. Not a word for Italy (that didn’t even exist at the time as nation). Extract of the introduction of Napoleon’s testament in Longwood:
Je désire que mes cendres reposent sur les bords de la Seine, au milieu de ce peuple fran?ais que j’ai tant aimé.
I wish that my remains rest on the banks of the Seine, in the middle of this French people that I have loved so much.
For Napoleon feeling Italian at that time (if he really ever said that) maybe meant having Italian traits due to his Corsican origins but not more. And from his perspective like for many French at that time, Italy was just considered as one of the various regions that were part of the French empire. That’s why Napoleon even after he became Emperor never bothered to give Corsica its independence (even though in his youth he had approached the independantist party) nor tried to re-unite Italy (on the coronary he kept it consciously divided to keep it weak, like other parts of the French empire). Not to speak of the various art treasures that he thoroughly plundered in Italy and sent to Paris to embellish the French capital, during his two Italian campaigns. So much for a devoted “Italian”.
Some anglo-saxons and of course some Italians have always loved to pretend that Napoleon was never French and felt more Corsican than French. Well feel free to believe that if you wish, but as a Frenchman and Parisian some of these nice statues I’m seeing everyday on the bridges of Paris or the presence of the casket of Napoleon in Paris tells me otherwise. Corsica and the Italian peninsula were just in his mind smaller regions part of France and the French Empire (like Corsica still is today).
他覺得自己太“意大利”了，以至于你可以從他身上找到20多條經(jīng)過(guò)驗(yàn)證的引文，在這些引文中，他解釋了自己作為法國(guó)人是多么的驕傲，以及法國(guó)的偉大，以及他想讓法國(guó)變得更加偉大。意大利的偉大（在當(dāng)時(shí)甚至還不存在）從來(lái)都不是他在位期間的目標(biāo)，他有更遠(yuǎn)大的事情要考慮。
在他在圣赫勒拿島寫的遺囑的引言中，他清楚而具體地表達(dá)了他希望葬在巴黎的愿望，以及他對(duì)法國(guó)和法國(guó)人民的深情。對(duì)科西嘉島只字未提。對(duì)意大利也只字不提（當(dāng)時(shí)甚至不存在這個(gè)國(guó)家）。拿破侖在龍塢的遺囑介紹摘錄：
（我希望我的遺體安放在塞納河畔，安放在我深愛的法國(guó)人民中間。）
對(duì)拿破侖來(lái)說(shuō)，在那個(gè)時(shí)候覺得自己是意大利人（如果他真的這么說(shuō)過(guò)的話），也許意味著由于他的科西嘉血統(tǒng)而具有意大利人的特征，并不意味著更多的什么東西。從他的角度來(lái)看，就像當(dāng)時(shí)的許多法國(guó)人一樣，意大利只是被認(rèn)為是屬于法蘭西帝國(guó)的各個(gè)地區(qū)中的一個(gè)。這就是為什么拿破侖即使在他成為皇帝后，也從未費(fèi)心讓科西嘉島獨(dú)立（即使在他年輕時(shí)曾接近科西嘉的獨(dú)立黨），也沒有試圖重新統(tǒng)一意大利（相反，他有意識(shí)地保持意大利的分裂，以保持它的軟弱，就像對(duì)待法蘭西帝國(guó)的其他地區(qū)一樣）。更不用說(shuō)他在兩次意大利戰(zhàn)役中在意大利徹底掠奪并送到巴黎點(diǎn)綴法國(guó)首都的各種藝術(shù)珍品了。一個(gè)忠實(shí)的 "意大利人"會(huì)這么做？
一些盎格魯-撒克遜人，當(dāng)然還有一些意大利人總是喜歡假裝拿破侖從來(lái)不是法國(guó)人，他們覺得拿破侖是科西嘉人而不是法國(guó)人。好吧，如果你愿意的話，你可以自由地相信這一點(diǎn)，但是作為一個(gè)法國(guó)人和巴黎人，我每天在巴黎的橋梁上看到的一些漂亮的雕像或者拿破侖的棺材等這些巴黎的存在告訴我，情況并非如此。科西嘉和意大利半島在他心目中只是法國(guó)和法蘭西帝國(guó)的一個(gè)小區(qū)域（就像科西嘉今天仍然是）。
I agree, he is a French historical figure. Napoleon got all his glory and power in France, and France was his priority. However, he wanted as well to be crowned king of Italy (1805), not of Rome (in fact he was crowned in Milano). 'King of Rome' was the title created for the successors: first one would have been Napoleon Il. Napoleon was an ethnic Italian and in his memory talks as well about unifying Italy.
我同意，他是一個(gè)法國(guó)歷史人物。拿破侖在法國(guó)獲得了他所有的榮耀和權(quán)力，法國(guó)是他的優(yōu)先選擇。然而，他也想成為意大利的國(guó)王（1805年），而不是羅馬的國(guó)王（事實(shí)上他是在米蘭加冕的）?！傲_馬國(guó)王”是為繼承人設(shè)立的頭銜：第一個(gè)擁有這個(gè)頭銜的是拿破侖二世。拿破侖是有意大利血統(tǒng)的人，在他的回憶錄中也談到了統(tǒng)一意大利的問(wèn)題。
Prior to Napoleon there was a part of present day Italy under the control of the Holy Roman Empire, ruled by French and Germans and it was never was an independent state, this lasted until 1806 when Napoleon forced the abolition of this ancient political division. An Italian language and its many local derivations did exist. Napoleon spoke Corsican an Italian dialect, closely related to Tuscan. Like most other educated Corsicans, Napoleon learnt to speak Italian fluently. It was very common for Corsican families to speak Italian.
Since you quoted his memoirs in St. Helena I am surprised you did not see that he regarded French as his first language. When he was in exile on St. Helena, he told his Irish surgeon Barry O’Meara: It has been said…that I understand Italian better than French, which is not true. Though I speak Italian very fluently, it is not pure. Non parlo Toscana [I do not speak Tuscan], nor am I capable of writing a book in Italian, nor do I ever speak it in preference to French.
So, Napoleon regarded French as his first language as he had been the Emperor of the French.
在拿破侖之前，今天的意大利有一部分處于神圣羅馬帝國(guó)的控制之下，由法國(guó)人和德國(guó)人統(tǒng)治，它從來(lái)就不是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的國(guó)家，這種情況一直持續(xù)到1806年，拿破侖強(qiáng)迫廢除了這個(gè)古老的政治劃分。一種統(tǒng)一的意大利語(yǔ)言及其許多地方性的衍生語(yǔ)言確實(shí)存在。拿破侖講科西嘉語(yǔ)，這是一種意大利方言，與托斯卡納語(yǔ)密切相關(guān)。像其他大多數(shù)受過(guò)教育的科西嘉人一樣，拿破侖學(xué)會(huì)了說(shuō)流利的意大利語(yǔ)?？莆骷渭彝ブv意大利語(yǔ)是非常普遍的。
既然你引用了他在圣赫勒拿島的回憶錄，我很驚訝你沒有看到他把法語(yǔ)視為他的第一語(yǔ)言。當(dāng)他在圣赫勒拿島流亡時(shí)，他告訴他的愛爾蘭外科醫(yī)生巴里-奧米拉：有人說(shuō)......我對(duì)意大利語(yǔ)的理解比法語(yǔ)好，這不是真的。雖然我的意大利語(yǔ)說(shuō)得非常流利，但它并不純正。Non parlo Toscana[我不說(shuō)托斯卡納語(yǔ)]，我也沒有能力用意大利語(yǔ)寫書，我也從來(lái)把它視之優(yōu)先于法語(yǔ)。
所以，拿破侖將法語(yǔ)視為他的第一語(yǔ)言，因?yàn)樗欠▏?guó)人的皇帝。
It is understandable that Napoleon regared French as his first language. He was the emperor of the French, he spent most of his life in France. That does not change the fact that his native language and his ethnicity was Italian.
拿破侖將法語(yǔ)作為他的第一語(yǔ)言是可以理解的。他是法國(guó)人的皇帝，他的大部分時(shí)間是在法國(guó)度過(guò)的。但這并不能改變他的母語(yǔ)和種族是意大利的事實(shí)。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處
Napolen did the military academy in France and his career was in the French army…
拿破侖在法國(guó)讀過(guò)軍校，他的職業(yè)是在法國(guó)軍隊(duì)中開啟的...
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處
An all his achievements are part of the history of France as well as those of his nephew Louis Napoleon. From the Bonapartes of France comes the French pretender of the Empire of the French.
Germany, as an independent nation did not come into being 1871, 10 years later than the unification of Italy into a kingdom under the house of Savoy.
Under the Roman Empire there was an Italy but also there was a Germania. The histories of these two great countries are very similar. There most certainly was a German language as well as all its dialects derived from it. The language has evolved into high and low German. The Holy Roman empire lands in the talian peninsula were in the upper part as the rest were ruled by the Papal States and the kingdom of the Two Sicilies, both with very old histories of their own. Napoleon occupied the Papal States and that is why he made his son King of Rome, not of Italy. Also the Grand Duchy of Tuscany was elevated in 1801 by treaty with Spain into the short lived kingdom of Etruria which was ruled by a Bourbon-Parma. By 1807 Napoleon dissolved it and made part of France. After his fall in 1814, Tuscany reverted to the Hapsburgs. In 1825 the kingdom of Lombardo-Venetia was created and given also to the Habsburgs. To compensate the Bourbons Parma, the duchy of Lucca was created in 1817, all lands in the Italian peninsula. Before that Venice, Genoa, Pisa and Amalfi were powerful Maritime Republics with their own historical records. They never called themselves Italians although they spoke Italian or the dialects derived from it.
他的所有成就和他的侄子路易-拿破侖的成就一樣，都是法國(guó)歷史的一部分。法國(guó)的波拿巴家族從來(lái)都是法國(guó)人帝國(guó)高位的覬覦者。
德國(guó)作為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的國(guó)家在1871年才出現(xiàn)，比意大利在薩沃伊家族的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下統(tǒng)一成一個(gè)王國(guó)還晚了10年。
在羅馬帝國(guó)時(shí)期，存在過(guò)一個(gè)意大利，也有過(guò)一個(gè)日耳曼尼亞。這兩個(gè)偉大國(guó)家的歷史非常相似?？梢钥隙ǖ氖牵?dāng)時(shí)存在一種統(tǒng)一使用的日耳曼語(yǔ)以及由其衍生的所有方言。這種語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)演變成了高地德語(yǔ)和低地德語(yǔ)。神圣羅馬帝國(guó)在意大利半島的土地位于上部，其余部分由教皇國(guó)和兩西西里王國(guó)統(tǒng)治，兩者都有自己非常古老的歷史。拿破侖占領(lǐng)了教皇國(guó)，這就是為什么他讓他的兒子成為羅馬而不是意大利的國(guó)王。另外，托斯卡納大公國(guó)在1801年通過(guò)與西班牙的條約被提升為短命的埃特魯里亞王國(guó)，由波旁-帕爾馬統(tǒng)治。1807年，拿破侖將其解散，使其成為法國(guó)的一部分。1814年拿破侖下臺(tái)后，托斯卡納又回到了哈布斯堡家族的手中。1825年，倫巴第-威尼斯王國(guó)成立，也交給了哈布斯堡家族統(tǒng)治。為了對(duì)抗波旁王朝的帕爾馬，1817年建立了盧卡公國(guó)，所有土地都在意大利半島。在此之前，威尼斯、熱那亞、比薩和阿馬爾菲是強(qiáng)大的海上共和國(guó)，都有著自己的歷史記錄。他們從不稱自己為意大利人，盡管他們說(shuō)的是意大利語(yǔ)或由其衍生的方言。
“he never managed to speak French without an accent.” Actually, the French don’t consider local accents to be something Unfrench. The Corsican is just another well-known local French accent.
"他從來(lái)沒有辦法說(shuō)沒有口音的法語(yǔ)。" 實(shí)際上，法國(guó)人并不認(rèn)為帶著地方口音就不是法語(yǔ)了?？莆骷稳耸橇硪环N著名的法國(guó)地方口音。
Maybe today Corsican is not considered unfrench, but for sure the situation was different 1790, and in fact he was mocked for his accent.
也許今天的科西嘉人不再被認(rèn)為是不懂法語(yǔ)了，但可以肯定的是，1790年的情況是不同的，事實(shí)上，他的口音也確實(shí)被嘲笑了。
Italian pretty much with family from Genoa, but at the at time it would be Genoese.
意大利有很多來(lái)自熱那亞的家庭，但在那個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)上，應(yīng)該算是熱那亞人。
Napoleon called himself sometimes Corsican, Italian, Tuscan…never Genoese.
拿破侖有時(shí)會(huì)稱自己為科西嘉人、意大利人、托斯卡納人......但從來(lái)沒有自稱為熱那亞人。
Good info, but curious if he was an Italian and French king as you mention he was all for France and yet the photo states he was an Italian king as well…I guess I need to study it a bit
很好的信息，但我很好奇他到底是意大利國(guó)王還是法國(guó)國(guó)王，因?yàn)槟闾岬剿魉鶠槎际菫榱朔▏?guó)，但照片上卻說(shuō)他也是一個(gè)意大利國(guó)王......我想我需要研究一下。
Napoleons was Emperor of the French AND king of Italy. Nice that you recommend others to study…
拿破侖是法國(guó)皇帝和意大利國(guó)王。很高興你推薦其他人也學(xué)習(xí)一下...
他于1804年在巴黎圣母院加冕為法國(guó)皇帝，并于1805年在米蘭大教堂加冕為意大利國(guó)王，此前他于1800年通過(guò)馬倫戈戰(zhàn)役重新征服了北意大利。在1814年退位之前，他既是法國(guó)的皇帝，也是意大利的國(guó)王。
Try to tell corsicans that they are italians…..or french ( as they officialy are since 1768), by the way.
They are CORSICAN a very old and specific culture different from all continental cultures .
試著告訴科西嘉人他們是意大利人.....或者是法國(guó)人（從1768年起的官方身份）看看。
他們只是“科西嘉人”，是一種非常古老和特殊的文化，與所有大陸文化都不同。
, knows Italian
Napoleon was born in France and was a French citizen. He was also a Corsican, and Corsicans are not Italians. Corsica has never been Italian, it became French before Italy existed.
We Sardinians are Italian citizens the same way that Corsican are French citizens, our relationships with the mainland are the same (with the difference that Corsicans are prouder and tougher than Sardinians and protest much more).
But Napoleon didn’t want to be Corsican, he just wanted to be French. I don’t think there has ever been anyone more French than him. The origin of his familu has zero relevance in all this.
拿破侖出生在法國(guó)，是一個(gè)法國(guó)公民。他也是科西嘉人，而科西嘉人不是意大利人。科西嘉島從來(lái)都不是意大利的，它在意大利存在之前就成為了法國(guó)的。
我們?nèi)龆u人是意大利公民，就像科西嘉人是法國(guó)公民一樣，我們與大陸的關(guān)系是一樣的（不同的是，科西嘉人比撒丁島人更驕傲、更強(qiáng)硬，抗議得更多）。
但拿破侖并不想成為科西嘉人，他只想成為法國(guó)人。我認(rèn)為從來(lái)沒有人比他更像法國(guó)人。他的家庭出身與這一切毫無(wú)關(guān)系。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處
Napoleon was born in Corse in the same year that Corse was sold from the Republic of Genoa (Italy) to France. His family was original from Tuscany and Liguria, and considered themselves Italian. They spoke Italian and Corse dialect. Napoleon studied at military colleges in France but was never proficient in French. Napoleon was a French citizen of Italian ancestry. Many contemporary of his and detractors, including the great French writer Victor Hugo, used to call him “l(fā)’ Italien”, with derogatory intent.
拿破侖出生在科西嘉，就在科西嘉從熱那亞共和國(guó)（意大利）賣給法國(guó)的那一年。他的家庭原來(lái)來(lái)自托斯卡納和利古里亞，并認(rèn)為自己是意大利人。他們講意大利語(yǔ)和科西嘉方言。拿破侖在法國(guó)的軍事學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)，但從未精通過(guò)法語(yǔ)。拿破侖是一個(gè)有著意大利血統(tǒng)的法國(guó)公民。他的許多同代人和詆毀者，包括偉大的法國(guó)作家維克多-雨果，都習(xí)慣于稱他為 "l' Italien"，有貶低的意思。
, History enthusiast
Napoleon was born in Corsica, a rebellious province that used to be a part of the republic of Genoa that was way more connected with Italy than it was with France. Napoleon himself could trace his lineage to Italian mercenarries like those of Sforza. Napoleon, when he attended the military academy in France, recieved constant bullying for his corsican identity, especially with the spelling of his name (He did not say “Napoleon”, but “Napoleone”). This pushed Napoleons corsican nationalism even further, and Paolo (A Corsican hero and rebel leader) was a hero and idol of his.
It cannot be exactly pin-pointed when did Napoleon assimilate into French culture, but the breaking point was likely when a dispute broke out between the Bonaparte family and Paolo and his followers during the French revolution. The cause of this dispute was likely when Napoleons brother, Joseph reported Paolo to the convent for treason. After that, the Bonapartes were forced to depart for France.
So Napoleon was Italian when he was young, and French after that.
Italian and French are all cultures, we are all genetically connected and mixed. Italian is an culture, just like French is culture, and it can be adopted and rejected by human will. They are not genetic groups.
拿破侖出生在科西嘉島，這是一個(gè)反叛的省份，曾經(jīng)是熱那亞共和國(guó)的一部分，與意大利的關(guān)系比與法國(guó)的關(guān)系更密切。拿破侖本人的血統(tǒng)可以追溯到像斯福爾扎那樣的意大利雇傭軍。拿破侖在法國(guó)上軍事學(xué)院時(shí)，曾因他的科西嘉人身份而不斷受到欺負(fù)，尤其是他的名字的拼寫（他不說(shuō)"Napoleon"，而是說(shuō)"Napoleone"）。這進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)了拿破侖的科西嘉民族主義，而保羅（科西嘉英雄和叛軍領(lǐng)袖）是他的英雄和偶像。
拿破侖是何時(shí)被法國(guó)文化同化的并不確切，但突破點(diǎn)可能是在法國(guó)大革命期間波拿巴家族與保羅及其追隨者之間爆發(fā)的一場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)端。爭(zhēng)端的起因可能是拿破侖的哥哥約瑟夫向修道院舉報(bào)了保羅的叛國(guó)行為。此后，波拿巴家族被迫前往法國(guó)。
所以拿破侖年輕時(shí)是意大利人，之后是法國(guó)人。
意大利人和法國(guó)人都是一種文化，我們?cè)诨蛏隙加新?lián)系，都是混血兒。意大利語(yǔ)是一種文化，就像法語(yǔ)是文化一樣，它可以被人的意志所采納和拒絕。它們不是遺傳群體。
, French and Parisian, I'm afraid...
Why do French people think that Napoleon wasn’t Italian?
Quite simply because Napoléon Bonaparte was not Italian.
Napoléon Bonaparte was born on August 15, 1769 in Ajaccio on the island of Corsica.
A year before, on May 15 1768, by the treaty of Versailles, Genoa had provisionally ceded the administration of Corsica (which in practice it no longer controlled) to France. Louis XV, who purposely refused to recognize the Corsican Republic of Pascal Paoli as legitimate, sent his army to take possession of the island.
The treaty was originally only a "conservation" treaty. The Republic of Genoa did not give up its rights of sovereignty over Corsica to France, which was only responsible for administering and pacifying the island.
But as Voltaire said : "By this treaty, the kingdom of Corsica was not absolutely given to the king of France, but it was supposed to belong to him, with the power reserved for the Republic to re-enter this sovereignty by reimbursing the king for the immense expenses he had made in favor of the Republic. It was, indeed, to cede Corsica forever, for it was not probable that the Genoese would be in a condition to redeem it; and it was still less probable that, having redeemed it, they could preserve it against the Corsicans, who had sworn to die rather than live under the yoke of Genoa. "
So, from the French legal point of view, NB was born in French territory.
He was, therefore, born French and not Italian.
Moreover, he would have been Genoese and not Italian, Italy having not yet existed.
To top it all, Napoléon chose to be French after having supported the Corsican revolution. Are you more qualified than him to dispute the fact?
問(wèn)：為什么法國(guó)人認(rèn)為拿破侖不是意大利人？
很簡(jiǎn)單，因?yàn)槟闷苼?波拿巴不是意大利人。
拿破侖-波拿巴于1769年8月15日出生在科西嘉島的阿雅克肖。
一年前，即1768年5月15日，根據(jù)凡爾賽條約，熱那亞將科西嘉島的管理權(quán)（實(shí)際上它已不再控制）暫時(shí)割讓給法國(guó)。路易十五故意拒絕承認(rèn)帕斯卡爾-保利的科西嘉共和國(guó)是合法的，他派軍隊(duì)占領(lǐng)了該島。
該條約最初只是一個(gè)"保護(hù)"條約。熱那亞共和國(guó)并沒有將其對(duì)科西嘉島的主權(quán)權(quán)利交給法國(guó)，法國(guó)只負(fù)責(zé)管理和安撫該島。
但正如伏爾泰所言："通過(guò)這個(gè)條約，科西嘉王國(guó)并沒有絕對(duì)地交給法國(guó)國(guó)王，但它被認(rèn)為是屬于法國(guó)國(guó)王的，雖然熱那亞共和國(guó)保留了通過(guò)償還法國(guó)國(guó)王為共和國(guó)付出的巨額費(fèi)用來(lái)重新獲得科西嘉主權(quán)的權(quán)力。但這實(shí)際上的確是永遠(yuǎn)割讓了科西嘉島，因?yàn)闊崮莵喨瞬豢赡苡袟l件贖回它；而且更不可能的是，他們?cè)谮H回了科西嘉島之后，還能通過(guò)對(duì)抗科西嘉人來(lái)保留它，因?yàn)榭莆骷稳艘呀?jīng)發(fā)誓寧死也不會(huì)生活在熱那亞的枷鎖之下。"
因此，從法國(guó)的法律角度來(lái)看，拿破侖是在法國(guó)領(lǐng)土上出生的。
也就是說(shuō)，他出生在法國(guó)而不是意大利。
此外，他本來(lái)是熱那亞人，而不是意大利人，因?yàn)橐獯罄?dāng)時(shí)還沒有存在。
最重要的是，拿破侖在支持科西嘉革命后選擇成為法國(guó)人。你比他更有資格質(zhì)疑這一事實(shí)嗎？
He is a Italian ethically and French Nationality. Depending on how you want to look at it, he is both. And Genovese is a italian culture. Genoa was a italian state due to being on italy geographically and being culturally similar to the other italian states.
他在血統(tǒng)上是意大利人，在國(guó)籍上是法國(guó)人。取決于你如何看待它，他兩者都是。而熱那亞是意大利文化。熱那亞是一個(gè)意大利國(guó)家，因?yàn)樗诘乩砩衔挥谝獯罄?，在文化上與其他意大利國(guó)家相似。
There's probably a splendid argument to be had why corsicans would be ‘ethnically Italian’ instead of Corsican.
為什么科西嘉人是"意大利人"而不是科西嘉人，這里面又得好好說(shuō)道一番。
To some extent I agree but, let us not forget that Napoleon was of Italian or to be politically correct, was of kingdom of Genova. No matter how you stir this salad, it’s always a salad. Napoleon did not have a drop of French blood in him. It doesn’t matter who controls the territory, nationality or race doesn’t change. So to be correct in every sense, Napoleon was Italian.
在某種程度上我同意，但是，我們不要忘記，拿破侖是意大利人，或者說(shuō)政治上正確一點(diǎn)，是熱那亞王國(guó)的人。無(wú)論你如何攪拌這道沙拉，它始終是一道沙拉。拿破侖身上沒有一滴法國(guó)人的血。誰(shuí)控制領(lǐng)土并不重要，國(guó)籍或種族不會(huì)改變。因此，從各種意義上說(shuō)，拿破侖是意大利人。
, Common or Garden Armchair Historian
This question is so full of misunderstandings I don’t even know where to begin.
Napoleon was Corsican. Even today, Corsicans won’t describe themselves as “ethnically Italian” or “ethnically French”. They’re Corsicans. It’s like asking whether the Irish are ethnically English or Scottish, only about 100 times worse…
…because at the time, there was no concept of “Italian” except the purely geographical. Italy wouldn’t exist until 1861, at which time the newly appointed Senator Massimo d’Azeglio famously said “We have made Italy. Now we must make Italians.” It took until after WWI before most Italians considered themselves Italian; until the advent of TV, most didn’t even speak Italian but one of the regional languages.
And similarly, only 10% of all French in Napoleon’s day even spoke French. About 1/3 spoke Occitan, a language you could describe as halfway between French and Spanish. Most people in Bretagne were monolingual in Breton, a Celtic language related to Irish and Scottish Gaelic.
You’re trying to analyse a person born in the 18th century using 21st century borders, assuming that he subscribed to an ideology that only came into existence some 50 years after he died. It’s like asking what he felt about the Kardashians.
這個(gè)問(wèn)題充滿了誤解，我甚至不知道從何說(shuō)起。
拿破侖是科西嘉人。即使在今天，科西嘉人也不會(huì)把自己描述為"意大利人種"或"法國(guó)人種"。他們是科西嘉人。這就像問(wèn)愛爾蘭人是英國(guó)人還是蘇格蘭人一樣，甚至比這糟糕100倍......
...因?yàn)樵诋?dāng)時(shí)，除了純粹的地理概念，沒有"意大利"的概念。意大利直到1861年才存在，當(dāng)時(shí)新任命的參議員阿澤利奧馬西莫說(shuō)過(guò)一句著名的話："我們已經(jīng)創(chuàng)造了意大利?，F(xiàn)在我們必須創(chuàng)造意大利人"。直到一戰(zhàn)后，大多數(shù)意大利人才認(rèn)為自己是意大利人；在電視出現(xiàn)之前，大多數(shù)人甚至不說(shuō)意大利語(yǔ)，只說(shuō)其中一種地區(qū)性語(yǔ)言。
同樣，在拿破侖時(shí)代，所有法國(guó)人中甚至只有10%的人說(shuō)法語(yǔ)。大約1/3的人講奧克西坦語(yǔ)，這種語(yǔ)言你可以說(shuō)是介于法語(yǔ)和西班牙語(yǔ)之間。布列塔尼地區(qū)的大多數(shù)人都只說(shuō)布列塔尼語(yǔ)，這是一種與愛爾蘭和蘇格蘭蓋爾語(yǔ)有關(guān)的凱爾特語(yǔ)言。
你試圖用21世紀(jì)的邊界來(lái)分析一個(gè)生于18世紀(jì)的人，假設(shè)他贊同一種在他死后50年才出現(xiàn)的意識(shí)形態(tài)。這就像問(wèn)他對(duì)卡戴珊姐妹的感受一樣。