美國(guó)人分享:各位所屬的族群是如何影響美國(guó)乃至被美國(guó)改變的?
How has your ethnic group influenced and been changed by America?譯文簡(jiǎn)介
我的家族自十七世紀(jì)起就一直在美國(guó)。嚴(yán)格來說他們是德國(guó)人,可是到今天,我們和德國(guó)的聯(lián)系,就像德國(guó)人與古代匈奴人的聯(lián)系一樣淡薄了。
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2022年5月10日
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German American: Feds and states banned German language programs, closed German schools, and closed German language newspapers. And that was just the response to WW I. Unlike a lot of other ethnic groups, German culture was purposefully suppressed because of international politics.
德裔美國(guó)人:聯(lián)邦政府和州政府曾禁止德語項(xiàng)目,關(guān)閉德語學(xué)校,還取締了德文報(bào)紙。這還只是對(duì)一戰(zhàn)的回應(yīng)。和其他很多民族不同的是,德國(guó)文化曾因國(guó)際政治的原因而被蓄意壓制。
(回)德裔的問題在于,他們直接融入了一般意義上的美國(guó)社會(huì)。比如,漢堡包不會(huì)被認(rèn)定為“德裔美國(guó)人”的食物,而會(huì)直接被看成美國(guó)人的食物。
(回)圣誕樹也是一種源自德國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)
(回)是的,是維多利亞女王(1819-1901)在英格蘭推廣了這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)。這個(gè),以及白色婚禮服均為德國(guó)傳統(tǒng)。
(回)維多利亞女王是德國(guó)人,所以這么干也說得通。
(回)的確,有一些德國(guó)食物是美國(guó)飲食中的主食。然而,曾經(jīng)存在著大量的德語學(xué)校、德文報(bào)紙和德裔社區(qū)。這一切,在排外心理和歇斯底里情緒主導(dǎo)了全國(guó)后就消失了。
(回)仇外心理和歇斯底里情緒之前就已經(jīng)存在了。兩次世界大戰(zhàn)只是丟棄大部分德國(guó)風(fēng)物的更大、更合理、更便捷的理由。
(回)人們不知道的是,德裔是美國(guó)人口最多的歐洲族群。
(回)我們的祖先厭倦了被迫參加德皇的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
(回)屬實(shí)。
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(回)我的個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)中比較有意思的一件,是從哥倫布市(譯注:俄亥俄州首府)百年慶典上弄來的一個(gè)啤酒杯(即品脫杯)。那是在一戰(zhàn)前的十年左右,所以當(dāng)時(shí)的德國(guó)文化還沒有像你們提到的那樣被壓制。這個(gè)啤酒杯上是俄亥俄州紀(jì)念碑的蝕刻畫,上面有幾句德文短語。我也不曉得在當(dāng)年那場(chǎng)活動(dòng)中這個(gè)杯子分發(fā)的范圍有多廣,但我覺得挺有意思的,因?yàn)槲矣纱肆私饬艘粦?zhàn)之前人們對(duì)德國(guó)文化的看法是如此不同。
The Germans tended to migrate to the same locations and stick together though, so, the impact was lessened a bit in some cities. But I've heard personally of people who changed their surname during the wars (e.g. Schmidt to Smith.)
(回)兩次世界大戰(zhàn)期間,德裔在美國(guó)一點(diǎn)都不受歡迎。但他們?cè)诙?zhàn)期間受到的待遇,和日裔美國(guó)人受的那種苦根本不可比。
雖然德裔傾向于遷到同一個(gè)地方聚居,而且很團(tuán)結(jié),所以,他們對(duì)某些城市的影響力略有減弱。但我聽說有人在兩次大戰(zhàn)期間改了姓氏(比如,把施密特改成了史密斯)
I’m first gen mex-amer and am considered a chicana. Chicano culture is unique to the US, as it rose from a blend of mexican and american influences, and has had a big impact in general “west coast” american culture including with language, music, food, fashion, etc. This also goes for the southwest cowboy culture influenced by mexican roots
我是第一代墨西哥裔美國(guó)人,還被別人認(rèn)為是奇卡諾人(chicano)。奇卡諾文化是美國(guó)獨(dú)有的,因?yàn)樗窃谀鞲缥幕兔绹?guó)文化的綜合影響下興起的,并對(duì)一般意義上的“西海岸”美國(guó)文化產(chǎn)生了很大的影響,包括語言、音樂、食品、時(shí)尚等等。受墨西哥根脈影響的西南牛仔文化也是同理。
A ton of common expressions originate from Yiddish (klutz, shtick, chutzpah, etc)
有大量常見表達(dá)法都源于意第緒語(klutz、shtick、chutzpah等)。
(譯注:意第緒語源出中古德語,通常由希伯來字母書寫,使用者主要是阿肯納西猶太人)
(回)我個(gè)人的最愛是schmuck(蠢貨)
Greek Orthodox priests dress more like their Catholic/Protestant counterparts here than their same faith counterparts in the old country.
In addition, many Greek Orthodox priests in America (I read one claim near 50%) are converts to the faith rather than being born into it.
我們美國(guó)這里的希臘東正教牧師,在穿著上,相比于他們老家持相同信仰的同行,更接近天主教/新教的同行。
此外,美國(guó)有很多希臘東正教牧師(我讀到過一個(gè)說法,說是接近50%)都是半道皈依該信仰的,而不是生來就信。
(回)這實(shí)在是太糟糕了,因?yàn)闁|正教有些法衣太TMD酷了。你們的教堂也很讓人贊嘆。
Conservative Judaism is largely an American invention, though Masorti (which is what’s considered the equivalent outside the US) is growing.
保守派猶太教在很大程度上是美國(guó)人的發(fā)明,雖然Masorti派(即保守派,被認(rèn)為相當(dāng)于非美國(guó)地區(qū)的保守派)也在增長(zhǎng)。
As a random grab bag of European ancestry. I think the biggest influence on my ancestry is just becoming American.
Just a little sprinkling of German and Irish here and there and then making up new American stuff.
作為一個(gè)混雜了各種歐洲血統(tǒng)的人。我認(rèn)為對(duì)我的祖先影響最大的就是成為了美國(guó)人。
這里摻入點(diǎn)德裔元素,那里再摻入點(diǎn)愛爾蘭裔的元素,然后打造出了新的美國(guó)元素。
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(回)是的,我的家族就是各種族的混合體(歐洲人為主),我們所有的家庭傳統(tǒng)全都是現(xiàn)代美國(guó)的傳統(tǒng),還有一些算是我們的居住地特有的。
Well we dont get killed or overtly persecuted anymore. Screw Israel- USA, but really all of North America, is the Jewish Promised Land.
Also on my moms side Im Italian- It only took two generations and Catholicism completely died in our family. Maybe it was just proximity to the pope.
好吧,我們不會(huì)再被殺害或公然迫害了。去他媽的以色列-美國(guó),但其實(shí),整個(gè)北美都是猶太人的應(yīng)許之地。
按我媽媽那一支算我是意大利人,只花了兩代人的時(shí)間,天主教信仰就在我們家族里徹底絕跡了。也許只是因?yàn)殡x教皇太近了。
My father was the most laid-back, pot-smoking old Japanese man you ever saw.
我父親是你見過的最閑散、最喜歡吸大麻的日本老男人。
My family has been in America since the 1600s. Technically they were Germans but by now we have about as much connection to Germany as a German has to an ancient Hun.
我的家族自十七世紀(jì)起就一直在美國(guó)。嚴(yán)格來說他們是德國(guó)人,可是到今天,我們和德國(guó)的聯(lián)系,就像德國(guó)人與古代匈奴人的聯(lián)系一樣淡薄了。
Let me see, I'm 1/8 Eastern European Jewish (somewhere in this area, that great-grandparent came over just before or during WW1/the Revolution), 1/8 Sicilian Italian (Jewish great grandpa married a daughter of a minor Mafia family), some amount probably close to 1/8 French Canadian, definitely some German in there but not a lot (1/16?), about the same amount southern white (yes fought for the Confederacy, not sure if they had slaves), and a miscellaneous mixture of other flavors of "white." And maybe a tiny, tiny bit Native American but that's a "grandma said her grandma told her" kind of thing so I put no stock in it.
我來捋一捋,我有1/8的東歐猶太人(祖先就在東歐這一區(qū)的某地,我的曾祖父母是在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)/蘇俄革命之前或期間來到這里的)的血統(tǒng),1/8的意大利西西里人血統(tǒng)(我的猶太曾祖父娶了一個(gè)低階黑手黨家族的女兒),1/8左右的法裔加拿大人血統(tǒng),肯定還含有一部分德國(guó)血統(tǒng),但不是很多(可能是1/16?),這部分又和南方白人(是的,為南方邦聯(lián)奮戰(zhàn)過,我不確定他們有沒有蓄過奴)血統(tǒng)的含量差不多,還混入了其他各種“白人”血統(tǒng)??赡苓€有極少量的美洲原住民血統(tǒng),但這部分屬于那種“奶奶說是她的奶奶告訴她的”,所以我是完全不信的。
所以基本上我就是美國(guó)白人,我沒法把自己看成其他任何族群的一部分。我的父母自認(rèn)為是美國(guó)白人,不屬于其他任何族群。就算我的祖父有50%操意第緒語猶太人的血統(tǒng)和50%黑手黨的血統(tǒng),他也自認(rèn)為是美國(guó)白人,不屬于其他任何族群。
I’m African american, so… much of this country was built on the shoulders of my ancestors and much of the current culture of the nation came from us
我是非洲裔美國(guó)人,所以...這個(gè)國(guó)家有一大半都是建立在我祖先的肩膀上的,目前,這個(gè)國(guó)家的大部分文化都來源于我們。
Sports have been influenced as well. Dunking the ball in basketball used to be an illegal move for instance.
(回)除了音樂,我們還影響了語言、時(shí)尚和食物?,F(xiàn)代時(shí)裝秀還有T臺(tái)走貓步什么的都是非裔美國(guó)人開創(chuàng)的。好幾代人都在模仿非裔美國(guó)人歌手/運(yùn)動(dòng)員等的風(fēng)格,即使他們的父母禁止他們這么做。
體育也受到了我們的影響。例如,在籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)中,扣籃一度是犯規(guī)動(dòng)作。
A lot because my grandparents are from 4 different countries so I am a total mutt. Once we are all mutts, we will all get along.
有很多,因?yàn)槲业淖娓改競(jìng)儊碜运膫€(gè)不同的國(guó)家,所以我是一個(gè)徹頭徹尾的雜種。一旦我們?nèi)汲闪穗s種,我們就都能相處得很融洽了。
I would consider my ethnic group to be "American".
We've been here for centuries and I'm a hodgepodge of different flavors of european with smatterings of various native american peoples so it's not like I have a strong connection to any one other thing anyway.
在我眼中,我所屬的族裔就是“美國(guó)人”。
我們已經(jīng)在這里生活了幾個(gè)世紀(jì),我本人就是個(gè)由不同種歐洲人組成的大雜燴,還含有少量各式各樣美洲原住民的成分,所以我和任何一個(gè)特定族群,終究談不上有多深的聯(lián)系。
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The fastest ethnic group to grow in America to better themselves are the Irish. They were able to do it in 1 generation. They did it by joining the police force and the fire dept..
在美國(guó)增長(zhǎng)最快的族群就是愛爾蘭裔了。他們能在一代人的時(shí)間內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)美國(guó)化。方法就是加入警察部隊(duì)和消防隊(duì)。
Well they basically killed off Cajun French dialect by beating our grandparents when they spoke it. Luckily we still picked up a few words they used and it's making a come back.
我們的祖父母一說卡津法語方言,他們就會(huì)痛打我們的祖父母,基本上就用這種方法扼殺了這種方言。幸運(yùn)的是,我們還是學(xué)會(huì)了一些他們用過的詞,而如今,這門語言正在回潮。
(譯注:卡津法語(Cajun),即美國(guó)路易斯安納州的法國(guó)后裔講的法語方言)
The entire southwest/California has been greatly influenced by my ethnic group since it used to be part of said group’s country.
Cowboy culture is a very, very, very big one that people like to ignore.
There’s an argument about the influence of the guitar and how it’s later impact in American music.
整個(gè)西南地區(qū)/加州都受到了我所屬族群的巨大影響,因?yàn)檫@片地區(qū)曾經(jīng)是該族群所屬國(guó)家的一部分。
牛仔文化是一種影響極為深遠(yuǎn),但很容易被人們忽視的文化。
關(guān)于吉他的影響以及它在美國(guó)音樂中的后續(xù)影響存在爭(zhēng)論。
Besides Yoga it maybe too early to tell. Well Silicon Valley too
除了瑜伽,也許現(xiàn)在下結(jié)論還為時(shí)過早。好吧,還有硅谷
I'm just a plain, old fashioned American. I don't have an ethnic group.
Grumpy white guy, I guess?
My people have been too busy taking advantage of everyone else to be changed by America.
我只是一個(gè)普通的老派美國(guó)人。我沒有一個(gè)可以歸屬的族群。
我猜我屬于脾氣暴躁的白人吧?
我的族人為了不被美國(guó)改變,一直都忙于占其他所有族群的便宜。
Tapas are pretty popular, I think. However, if my family's experience is like any other families, we went to straight assimilation out the gate, to the point where only English would be spoken even at home. Now three generations later, nobody knows Spanish, and we all had to try learning it in school.
我覺得塔帕斯(西班牙小菜)是相當(dāng)受歡迎的。不過,假設(shè)我家庭的經(jīng)歷和任何一個(gè)家庭都一樣,我們是一走出家門就直接被同化,以至于就算在家里也只會(huì)說英語?,F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)過三代人了,沒有人會(huì)西班牙語,我們都不得不在學(xué)校里努力學(xué)習(xí)西班牙語。
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Ugh. I'm white so... My Grandfather helped to design and build the detonators for the Atomic bombs dropped on Japan. Take that for what it's worth.
額. 我是白人,所以...我的祖父幫助設(shè)計(jì)和建造過投向日本的那幾顆原子彈的引爆劑。這帶來的影響力諸位自己去評(píng)判。
(Looks at my American Indian ancestors.)
Bwwwaaaahhhh ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha *sniff*
Sorry, you were saying?
我看著我的美國(guó)印第安人祖先,哭笑不得…
不好意思,你剛才問的啥?
I’m Scot, Irish, English, Welsh, Dutch, German, Danish, and Swede, with a touch of Basque and Nigerian. I have no idea how to answer the OPs question.
我是蘇格蘭人、愛爾蘭人、英國(guó)人、威爾士人、荷蘭人、德國(guó)人、丹麥人和瑞典人,還有一點(diǎn)巴斯克人和尼日利亞人的血統(tǒng)。我不知道該如何回答樓主的問題。
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Idk man. Fairly generic, Irish who came thru Ellis island. Probably faced some discrimination way back when but nothing like African Americans faced. Overall the USA gave Irish catholics a lot of opportunities they didn’t have in Ireland. Nowadays we’re all just white Americans tho, we got Irish names but I don’t think many Irish descendants held onto their culture aside from religious beliefs and getting drunk on St Patrick’s day
真不好說。當(dāng)時(shí)相當(dāng)普遍的情況是,愛爾蘭人是通過埃利斯島來到這里。當(dāng)年可能遭受了一些歧視,但不像非裔美國(guó)人那么嚴(yán)重??偟膩碚f,美國(guó)給了愛爾蘭天主教徒很多在愛爾蘭無法得到的機(jī)會(huì)?,F(xiàn)如今我們都是美國(guó)白人了,我們有愛爾蘭名字,但我認(rèn)為除了宗教信仰和在圣帕特里克節(jié)上喝到爛醉以外,沒有多少愛爾蘭人的后代在謹(jǐn)守本族的文化。
Japan has been extremely influenced by America in the 1940s. Japanese Americans on the West Coast had everything taken away from them, which was horrifying. Japanese citizens were at war with America, but the compromise between America and Japan post-WW2 overall helped my people.
I'm happy we kept our emperor, also!
日本在二十世紀(jì)四十年代受到了美國(guó)的極大影響。西海岸的日裔美國(guó)人,他們的一切都被奪走了,這是很可怕的。當(dāng)時(shí)日本國(guó)民在和美國(guó)交戰(zhàn),但二戰(zhàn)后美國(guó)和日本達(dá)成的妥協(xié)總的來說還是幫到了我族人民。
我們保留了天皇,這一點(diǎn)也是我們樂見的!
i’m Polish so honestly our biggest influence has been being the butt of jokes.
我是波蘭人,所以說實(shí)話,我們帶來的最大影響就是成為別人的笑柄。
Recent (last 150 years) immigrant, Dutch Protestants are lucky workaholics. They produced amazing businesses and economic prosperity in West Michigan and other upper Midwest US states (and an annual Tulip Festival). They also spawned a zeitgeist of millionaire and billionaire class, conservative, theocratic, political donors and influencers who have shaped the political, social, cultural, and economic landscape of this country for the past few generations. Dutch immigrants got even more conservative and theocratic when they came to America. This is a very good or very bad thing depending on your political persuasion.
荷蘭新教徒這批近代(過去的150年中)移民是幸運(yùn)的工作狂。他們?yōu)槊苄菸鞑亢兔绹?guó)中西部偏北地區(qū)的州帶去了驚人的商業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮(還有一年一度的郁金香節(jié))。他們還催生了一股由百萬和億萬富翁階層、保守派、神權(quán)主義者、政治捐贈(zèng)者和影響力人士組成的時(shí)代潮流,他們?cè)谶^去幾代人中塑造了這個(gè)國(guó)家的政治、社會(huì)、文化和經(jīng)濟(jì)版圖。荷蘭移民來到美國(guó)后變得更加保守,也更加崇尚神權(quán)了。這事兒不是很好就是很糟糕,取決于你所屬的政治派別。