UK takes in fewer Ukrainians per capita than most of Europe
-Figure of 10 Ukrainian refugees per 10,000 population is lowest but one out of 28 European countries

英國(guó)人均接收烏克蘭難民數(shù)少于歐洲大多數(shù)國(guó)家
——“每1萬(wàn)人接收10名烏克蘭難民”的數(shù)字在28個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家中倒數(shù)第2


(Refugees from Ukraine queue for further transport at the Medyka border crossing in south-east Poland in March.)

（今年3月，來(lái)自烏克蘭的難民在波蘭東南部的梅迪卡邊境檢查站排隊(duì)等待運(yùn)送。）
新聞：

The UK has taken in fewer Ukrainian refugees per capita than all but one of 28 European countries, a Guardian analysis of official figures from across the continent has found.

英國(guó)《衛(wèi)報(bào)》對(duì)歐洲大陸官方數(shù)據(jù)的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，在28個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家中，英國(guó)接收的烏克蘭難民人均數(shù)量排倒數(shù)第2。

Seven million people have fled Ukraine for other European countries since Russia invaded on 24 February, according to the United Nations high commissioner for refugees (UNHCR).

據(jù)聯(lián)合國(guó)難民事務(wù)高級(jí)專員辦事處稱，自2月24日俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭以來(lái)，已有700萬(wàn)人逃離烏克蘭前往其他歐洲國(guó)家。

The Home Office put the number of Ukrainians who had arrived in the UK as of 29 May at 65,700 – equivalent to about 10 refugees per 10,000 population.

英國(guó)內(nèi)政部表示，截至5月29日，抵達(dá)英國(guó)的烏克蘭人數(shù)量為6.57萬(wàn)人，相當(dāng)于每萬(wàn)人中約接收10名難民。

As of 11 May, 720,000 Ukrainian refugees had arrived in Germany, which has a population of similar size to the UK’s, working out at 87 per 10,000 population.

截至5月11日，已有72萬(wàn)烏克蘭難民抵達(dá)德國(guó)，德國(guó)的人口規(guī)模與英國(guó)相當(dāng)，每1萬(wàn)人中接收87人。

France is the only European country with a roughly equivalent per capita figure to the UK’s, with just over 57,500 arrivals as of 25 May, or nine refugees per 10,000 population – although figures from individual prefectures indicate that 93,000 have now arrived in the country, significantly more than the most recently available official figure.

法國(guó)是唯一一個(gè)人均收入與英國(guó)大致相當(dāng)?shù)臍W洲國(guó)家，截至5月25日，難民人數(shù)剛剛超過(guò)57500人，即每1萬(wàn)人中接收9名難民——然而來(lái)自各轄區(qū)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，目前已有9.3萬(wàn)人抵達(dá)法國(guó)，這一數(shù)字遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)了最新的官方數(shù)據(jù)。

Some much smaller countries by population, including Austria, the Czech Republic and Bulgaria, have admitted many more refugees in both absolute and relative terms, according to their governments. Bulgaria, for example, was the initial destination for more than 290,000 people fleeing the war, equating to 423 per 10,000 population.

一些人口規(guī)模小得多的國(guó)家，包括奧地利、捷克共和國(guó)和保加利亞，其政府表示，無(wú)論從絕對(duì)數(shù)量還是相對(duì)數(shù)量來(lái)看，都接納了更多的難民。比如，保加利亞是29萬(wàn)多難民逃離戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的最初目的地，相當(dāng)于每1萬(wàn)人中接收423人。

The countries bordering Ukraine have, as would be expected, admitted many more still: UNHCR data shows that a combined 5 million refugees have entered Poland, Romania and Hungary. Poland has admitted the highest rate of Ukrainian refugees of any EU country, taking in 957 refugees per 10,000 population.

與烏克蘭接壤的國(guó)家，正如預(yù)期的那樣，接納了更多的難民：聯(lián)合國(guó)難民署的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，總共有500萬(wàn)難民進(jìn)入了波蘭、羅馬尼亞和匈牙利。波蘭是接納烏克蘭難民比例最高的歐盟國(guó)家，每1萬(wàn)人接收了957名難民。

While it is the case that many refugees move on to other countries, and some return to Ukraine – an Austrian official indicated that as many as 80% of arrivals had not stayed – the figures highlight the restrictiveness of the UK’s schemes, applicants to which are directed to wait for visas to be granted before they travel.

然而事實(shí)是，許多難民前往其他國(guó)家，有些人返回烏克蘭——一位奧地利官員表示，多達(dá)80%的難民沒(méi)有留下來(lái)——這些數(shù)字突顯了英國(guó)簽證計(jì)劃的限制性，即申請(qǐng)人必須等待簽證獲得批準(zhǔn)后才能啟程。

The UK’s visa schemes have been widely criticised for the lengthy delays experienced by many applicants. Hundreds of Ukrainian families have chosen to withdraw their applications to come to the UK because of these delays, according to a recent Observer report.

英國(guó)的簽證計(jì)劃因許多申請(qǐng)人遭遇的長(zhǎng)時(shí)間延誤而受到廣泛批評(píng)。據(jù)《觀察家報(bào)》最近報(bào)道，由于這些延誤，數(shù)百個(gè)烏克蘭家庭選擇撤回了前往英國(guó)的申請(qǐng)。

Refugee charities have said the sponsorship scheme, called Homes for Ukraine, could be exploited by predatory hosts, though the government insists that all hosts are subject to “security and criminal checks”.

難民慈善機(jī)構(gòu)表示，這項(xiàng)名為“烏克蘭之家”的贊助計(jì)劃可能會(huì)被貪心的房東利用，盡管英國(guó)政府堅(jiān)稱，所有的房東都要接受“安全和刑事檢查”。

While the Guardian research only considers figures for refugees arriving in each country, the UK also fares poorly in comparison with countries that publish only the number of applications for protection or asylum. Denmark and Finland, for example, have received roughly twice as many applications as the UK visa schemes per capita.

雖然《衛(wèi)報(bào)》的研究只考慮到了每個(gè)國(guó)家的難民人數(shù)，但與那些只公布申請(qǐng)保護(hù)或庇護(hù)人數(shù)的國(guó)家相比，英國(guó)的情況也很糟糕。比如，丹麥和芬蘭收到的人均簽證申請(qǐng)數(shù)量大約是英國(guó)的兩倍。

The UK government’s two Ukraine visa schemes – one for Ukrainians with family in the UK, the other a sponsorship-based scheme – were launched in March. The website for the schemes shows that 144,000 applications had been received as of 30 May, and 120,000 visas issued. However, just over half that figure – 65,700 refugees – had arrived in the UK as of 29 May.

英國(guó)政府于今年3月推出了兩項(xiàng)烏克蘭簽證計(jì)劃——一項(xiàng)針對(duì)有家人在英國(guó)的烏克蘭人，另一項(xiàng)是基于贊助的計(jì)劃。該計(jì)劃的網(wǎng)站顯示，截至5月30日，已收到14.4萬(wàn)份申請(qǐng)，并簽發(fā)了12萬(wàn)份簽證。然而，截至5月29日，這個(gè)數(shù)字的一半多一點(diǎn)——6.57萬(wàn)難民——已經(jīng)抵達(dá)英國(guó)。

A Home Office spokesperson said: “65,700 Ukrainians have now arrived safely in the UK through our two new Ukraine visa schemes and others have arrived here on other types of visas which are not shown in these figures. Together, our uncapped Ukraine family scheme and Homes for Ukraine routes are amongst the fastest and biggest visa schemes in UK history. 120,200 visas have now been issued, showing the work we’ve done to speed up the process is working and improving daily.”

內(nèi)政部發(fā)言人說(shuō)：“65700名烏克蘭人通過(guò)我們的兩個(gè)新的烏克蘭簽證計(jì)劃安全抵達(dá)英國(guó)，其他人則是通過(guò)其他類型的簽證抵達(dá)英國(guó)，這些簽證沒(méi)有顯示在這些數(shù)據(jù)中。我們的無(wú)上限烏克蘭家庭計(jì)劃和烏克蘭之家路線是英國(guó)歷史上最快和最大的簽證計(jì)劃?，F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)發(fā)放了120200個(gè)簽證，這表明我們?yōu)榧涌爝@一進(jìn)程所做的工作正在發(fā)揮作用，每天都在改進(jìn)?！?/b>

They added that European countries may record refugee arrivals differently and that the figures were therefore difficult to compare directly.

他們補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，歐洲國(guó)家對(duì)難民人數(shù)的記錄可能不同，因此這些數(shù)字很難直接比較。

The extent to which Ukrainians have been uprooted by the conflict is catastrophic: the 6.8 million people who have fled the country, combined with the 8 million people displaced internally, constitutes more than a third – 36% – of Ukraine’s total population prior to the Russian invasion.

烏克蘭人因沖突而背井離鄉(xiāng)的程度是災(zāi)難性的：逃離該國(guó)的680萬(wàn)人，加上國(guó)內(nèi)流離失所的800萬(wàn)人，構(gòu)成了俄羅斯入侵前烏克蘭總?cè)丝诘娜种唬?6%）以上。

The Guardian figures represent the numbers of Ukrainian refugees arriving in the country or, where these were unavailable, the numbers who have registered as refugees or are otherwise recognised by the government as being in the country. It excludes countries that have only published figures for the number of applications by Ukrainian refugees for protection or asylum – as is the case for Denmark and Finland – and Spain, for which the only published figures date from April.

《衛(wèi)報(bào)》的數(shù)字代表了抵達(dá)烏克蘭的難民人數(shù)，或者已經(jīng)登記為難民的人數(shù)，或者政府認(rèn)可的烏克蘭難民人數(shù)。它不包括那些只公布烏克蘭難民申請(qǐng)保護(hù)或庇護(hù)人數(shù)的國(guó)家（比如丹麥和芬蘭）和西班牙（其唯一公布的數(shù)字是從4月份開(kāi)始的）。