Inside the investigation of an officer who killed a teen threatening suicide Experts say the probe missed key steps and favored the officer’s perception of events
By Tom Jackman, Sarah Cahlan, Joy Sharon Yi, Atthar Mirza and Brian Monroe August 23, 2022 at 11:47 a.m. EDT

在一名警察射殺一名威脅自殺的青少年的調(diào)查中，專家表示，調(diào)查遺漏了關(guān)鍵步驟并偏向于對(duì)這名警官的見(jiàn)解。


The entire investigative file of an officer-involved shooting in Overland Park, Kan., was released, giving insight into how police investigated another officer. (Video: The Washington Post)

堪薩斯州歐弗蘭帕克市一名警官涉事槍擊案的全部調(diào)查文件被公開(kāi)，讓公眾了解到警方是如何調(diào)查另一名警官的。

When 17-year-old John Albers posted threats of suicide on social media in January 2018, worried friends called 911 for help. The high school student was backing his family minivan out of the garage when he was shot 13 times by an Overland Park, Kan. police officer who responded to the call. Within a month, the prosecutor in Johnson County, Kan., Steve Howe, declared that the fatal shooting was justified and charges would not be filed.

2018年1月，17歲青年約翰·阿爾伯斯在社交媒體上發(fā)布了自殺威脅，擔(dān)心他的好友們隨即撥打911求助。當(dāng)時(shí)這名高中生正開(kāi)著他家的面包車從自家車庫(kù)里倒開(kāi)出來(lái)，隨即遭到堪薩斯州歐弗蘭帕克市接到報(bào)警后前來(lái)的男性警官連開(kāi)13槍擊斃。之后一個(gè)月內(nèi)，堪薩斯州約翰遜縣檢察官，史蒂夫·豪宣布，這起致命槍擊事件屬正當(dāng)行為，將不會(huì)提起指控。（注：美國(guó)各級(jí)行政區(qū)級(jí)別排名為，州、縣、市，該文出現(xiàn)的對(duì)應(yīng)行政級(jí)別為，堪薩斯州、約翰遜縣、歐弗蘭帕克市）

Every year in America, police fatally shoot about 1,000 people. In each case, police — often from the same department — investigate the officer, and it’s rare that details of the investigation are made public. But in the case of the death of Albers, something extremely unusual happened: the city of Overland Park released the entire police investigative file, after being sued by KSHB-TV. In this case, the Overland Park police did not investigate their own officer. Instead, Johnson County launches an Officer-Involved Shooting Investigation Team after each such incident, using officers from other departments in the county.

在美國(guó)，每年大約有1000人遭到警察槍殺。雖然每一起案件中的涉事警察都會(huì)進(jìn)行調(diào)查，但調(diào)查人員幾乎都來(lái)自同一個(gè)部門，且調(diào)查的細(xì)節(jié)過(guò)程很少被公布于眾。但在阿爾伯斯死亡事件中，發(fā)生了一件極其不尋常的事情，在KSHB-TV（當(dāng)?shù)仉娨暸_(tái)）的強(qiáng)烈要求下，歐弗蘭帕克市公布了整個(gè)警方調(diào)查文件。但在這起案件中，歐弗蘭帕克的警察沒(méi)有對(duì)本局的該警官展開(kāi)調(diào)查。正常情況下，在每次此類事件發(fā)生后約翰遜縣都會(huì)針對(duì)涉事警察成立一個(gè)調(diào)查小組，調(diào)查組人員由該縣各警局抽調(diào)出的警官組成。

Written reports and photos from the investigation were made public, as well as videos, including dash-cam recordings that captured the shooting and the police interview with Clayton Jenison, the officer who shot Albers and said he feared he’d be struck by the van.

該案件書(shū)面調(diào)查報(bào)告、相關(guān)照片以及視頻均被公開(kāi)，其中包括行車記錄儀記錄下的槍擊過(guò)程，以及警方對(duì)涉事警察克萊頓·詹尼森的詢問(wèn)錄像記錄。這位槍殺阿爾伯斯的警察聲稱，當(dāng)時(shí)他擔(dān)心自己會(huì)被（倒開(kāi)的）車撞倒。

The nearly 500-page file revealed the investigation was concluded in six days. The Washington Post provided it to five law enforcement experts, veterans of policing, use-of-force investigations and prosecutions. All five found flaws with the investigation, and several said investigators approached the case favoring the perception of the officer, a stance the experts said is common in such cases. The Post’s analysis found steps missing from the investigative report, such as scene diagrams, that some experts said are typically performed in officer-involved shooting investigations.

這份近500頁(yè)的調(diào)查報(bào)告顯示，該調(diào)查6天內(nèi)即為結(jié)束?！度A盛頓郵報(bào)》向五名執(zhí)法專家提供了這份報(bào)告并征求了他們的意見(jiàn)，這些專家均從事過(guò)警務(wù)、武力使用調(diào)查，以及起訴的老手。這五位專家均在調(diào)查報(bào)告中發(fā)現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題，其中幾位表示，調(diào)查人員在處理案件時(shí)偏向于這名警官的看法。專家們認(rèn)為，這種偏向立場(chǎng)在此類調(diào)查當(dāng)中很常見(jiàn)。《華盛頓郵報(bào)》的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，調(diào)查報(bào)告中遺漏了一些步驟，比如現(xiàn)場(chǎng)執(zhí)法記錄。部分專家表示，在涉及警察的槍擊調(diào)查中，常經(jīng)歷這些環(huán)節(jié)。

The Post also created a 3D reconstruction to show Jenison’s position at each of the moments he fired at Albers. The reconstruction was based on available evidence. It used a combination of drone flyovers, laser scanned geometry and low-resolution dashboard cameras to recreate the incident within a reasonable margin of error. Jenison was close to the van when it first backed out of the garage, and then briefly in the path of the van after it spun around, but he moved out of the van’s path each time and then fired, videos included with the file and The Post reconstruction show.

《華盛頓郵報(bào)》還制作了一個(gè)三維重建圖像，展示了詹尼森警官每次向阿爾伯斯開(kāi)槍時(shí)的位置。重建工作基于現(xiàn)有證據(jù)繪制。結(jié)合無(wú)人機(jī)航拍、激光掃描和低分辨率車載攝像頭提供的圖像擬真現(xiàn)實(shí)，在合理的誤差范圍內(nèi)重現(xiàn)了事件的完整過(guò)程。調(diào)查文件和《華盛頓郵報(bào)》的重建視頻顯示，在車初次倒出車庫(kù)時(shí)，詹尼森警官離車很近，貨車后轉(zhuǎn)彎駛向詹尼森警官所在的位置。 詹尼森多次躲開(kāi)車子后退路線后，開(kāi)始掏槍射擊

Immediately after the shooting, Jenison said “I thought he was going to run me over.” He later told investigators, “From my memory, it felt it was going fast enough to be a threat and to cause bodily harm to me.” District Attorney Howe noted that officers are entitled to use deadly force “if they reasonably believe it is necessary to prevent death or great bodily harm to themselves or someone else.”
After he shot and killed an unarmed teen driver, a Kansas police officer was paid a $70,000 severance

槍擊事件發(fā)生后，詹尼森說(shuō):“我以為他要開(kāi)車撞我。”他后來(lái)告訴調(diào)查人員，“從我的記憶來(lái)看，車的速度快到足以對(duì)我構(gòu)成身體傷害威脅?！钡胤綑z察官豪指出，警察有權(quán)使用致命武力，“如果他們有理由相信，這是防止死亡或?qū)ψ约夯蛩说纳眢w造成重大傷害的必要手段”。
在槍殺了一名手無(wú)寸鐵的青少年司機(jī)后，這名堪薩斯警察獲得了7萬(wàn)美元的遣散費(fèi)

Ed Obayashi, a California sheriff’s deputy who trains police in conducting investigations of officer-involved shootings, reviewed the case file and said that “the most glaring flaw of the entire investigation is the interview [of Jenison]. All they did was one short interview,” lasting less than 45 minutes. He said a follow-up interview, with questions developed from the advancing investigation, is necessary in every case. “We always go back to the witnesses and reinterview them. There’s no reason the officer wouldn’t consent to a follow-up,” Obayashi said.

加州副警長(zhǎng)埃德·大林(Ed Obayashi)負(fù)責(zé)培訓(xùn)警方對(duì)涉及警員的槍擊事件進(jìn)行調(diào)查，他在察看案件檔案過(guò)后表示，“整個(gè)調(diào)查中最明顯問(wèn)題出在(對(duì)詹尼森警官的) 詢問(wèn)環(huán)節(jié)?！彼麄冎粚?duì)詹尼森進(jìn)行了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的詢問(wèn)，“持續(xù)時(shí)間還沒(méi)到45分鐘”。他說(shuō)，對(duì)每一個(gè)案件都有必要進(jìn)行后續(xù)訊問(wèn)，并隨著調(diào)查的推進(jìn)提出問(wèn)題。“我們總是回到證人身邊，并重新對(duì)他們?cè)儐?wèn)取證。警察沒(méi)有理由不同意進(jìn)行后續(xù)調(diào)查，”該副警長(zhǎng)說(shuō)到。

Shawn Reynolds, the leader of the investigation as a former deputy chief in Olathe, Kan., and now the police chief in Temple, Tex., declined to discuss the investigation, as did Howe, the district attorney of Johnson County. Presented with a summary of The Post’s findings, Howe said in an email that “many of your conclusions are factually incorrect” but said he could not elaborate because of the ongoing federal investigation, which does not prohibit Howe from discussing the local investigation.

曾任堪薩斯州奧拉西市副局長(zhǎng)的肖恩·雷諾茲(Shawn Reynolds)為此次調(diào)查的負(fù)責(zé)人。目前他是德克薩斯州坦普爾市的警察局長(zhǎng)。約翰遜縣地方檢察官豪伊對(duì)此次調(diào)查發(fā)表意見(jiàn)。在收到《華盛頓郵報(bào)》調(diào)查結(jié)果的摘要后，這位地方檢察官在一封電子郵件中表示，“你的許多結(jié)論與事實(shí)不符”，但他表示，由于事件正在進(jìn)行聯(lián)邦調(diào)查過(guò)程中，他無(wú)法詳細(xì)說(shuō)明，不過(guò)聯(lián)邦調(diào)查并未禁止豪伊討論地方調(diào)查。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處


Detectives involved in the case did not respond or would not speak to The Post, nor would anyone from the Johnson County crime lab. Jenison and his lawyer also declined to comment.

此次槍擊事件中的涉案警官?zèng)]有回應(yīng)，也不愿接受《華盛頓郵報(bào)》的采訪，約翰遜縣犯罪實(shí)驗(yàn)室的人同樣保持沉默。詹尼森警官和他的律師也對(duì)此拒絕置評(píng)。