為什么有些吃得很不健康的人仍然長壽(二)
How do some people who eat very unhealthy and still manage to live a long life?譯文簡介
網(wǎng)友:疾病的“壓力-易感模型”是,首先有特定疾病的遺傳傾向,然后有一些壓力源(生活方式,飲食,環(huán)境污染等)觸發(fā)遺傳傾向。如果你沒有遺傳這種傾向,你可能不會患上那種特殊的疾病。不幸的是,你不能指望你的身體與你的父母或其他親屬完全相同.......
正文翻譯
How do some people who eat very unhealthy and still manage to live a long life?
為什么有些吃得很不健康的人仍然長壽?
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The diathesis-stress model of illness is that FIRST there is a genetic predisposition for a particular illness, and THEN there is some stressor (lifestyle, diet, environmental pollution, etc) that TRIGGERS that genetic predisposition.
If you have not inherited that predisposition, you will probably not get that particular illness. Unfortunately you cannot necessarily count on your body being identical to your parents or other relatives .. and the only way to know IF you have a predisposition is once it is too late and you have come down with that illness.
My dad smoked all his life … from age12 (in 1922) until he died at age 92 in 2002. He had emphysema, but not a bad case of it, and he did not die from any smoking/lung-related illness. That does not mean I would not die from smoking, though.
疾病的“壓力-易感模型”是,首先有特定疾病的遺傳傾向,然后有一些壓力源(生活方式,飲食,環(huán)境污染等)觸發(fā)遺傳傾向。
如果你沒有遺傳這種傾向,你可能不會患上那種特殊的疾病。不幸的是,你不能指望你的身體與你的父母或其他親屬完全相同。唯一能知道你是否有這種傾向的方法是,一旦為時已晚,你就得了這種病。
我父親從12歲(1922年)一直吸煙,直到2002年92歲去世。他患有肺氣腫,但并不嚴(yán)重,他沒有死于任何與吸煙/肺部相關(guān)的疾病。但這并不意味著我不會死于吸煙。
What makes you so sure that you know what “eat very unhealthy” really means?
Our current standards for “healthy” and “unhealthy” still aren’t very accurate. They’re mostly statistical, and so far, data has been very extremely sparse and limited compared to the amount of relevant data that could be collected about human health.
When researchers can fit their test subjects with always-on health trackers that send data back to their servers for processing, and even more when everybody can afford “fitness trackers” and volunteers to share their data with research institutions to run through machine learning programs, we’re very likely to see an explosion of new ideas about what is and isn’t “very unhealthy”, and some of that information is likely to contradict what people think is “very unhealthy” today.
是什么讓你如此確信你知道“吃得非常不健康”的真正含義?
我們目前對“健康”和“不健康”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)仍然不夠準(zhǔn)確。它們大多是統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù),到目前為止,與可以收集的有關(guān)人類健康的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)相比,數(shù)據(jù)非常稀少和有限。
當(dāng)研究人員能夠為他們的受試者配備始終在線的健康追蹤器,將數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送回他們的服務(wù)器進行處理時,甚至當(dāng)每個人都能負擔(dān)得起“健康追蹤儀”并自愿與研究機構(gòu)共享數(shù)據(jù)以運行機器學(xué)習(xí)程序時,我們很可能會看到關(guān)于什么是“非常不健康”,什么不是“非常健康”的新想法的爆發(fā),其中一些信息可能與今天人們所認(rèn)為的“非常不健康”的觀點相矛盾。
原創(chuàng)翻譯:龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處
That is a good question because my ex-husband was that. He was an alcoholic but did not care what he ate living on fried food, meat, candy and did not follow any kind of a diet. At this point he is 83, has breathing problems and was a smoker always life. I think these people have a very strong metabolism which can stand up to anything, because of his habits he should not have lived to 83. We are told that these bad habits can lead to various illnesses but he did not get any of them. It is also a mystery to me how drinking so much alcohol and smoking did not do any further damage, so I think some people because of good genes and longevity in the family let them live to a ripe old age regardless of how they treat their bodies. It is ironic that Adele Davis who wrote the book on nutrition died of cancer, so I think it was due to family background.
這是一個好問題,因為我的前夫就是這樣。他是個酒鬼,但他不關(guān)心他吃什么,以油炸食品、肉類和糖果為生,也不遵循任何形式的節(jié)食。現(xiàn)在他已經(jīng)83歲了,有呼吸問題,而且一直是煙民。我認(rèn)為這些人的新陳代謝非常強,可以抵抗任何東西,因為他的習(xí)慣,他本不應(yīng)該活到83歲的。我們被告知,這些壞習(xí)慣會導(dǎo)致各種疾病,但他沒有得任何一種。對我來說,喝這么多酒和抽煙怎么不會對身體造成進一步的傷害也是個謎,所以我認(rèn)為有些人因為基因好和家庭原因二長壽,所以不管他們?nèi)绾螌Υ约旱纳眢w,他們都能長壽。諷刺的是,寫這本關(guān)于營養(yǎng)的書的阿黛爾·戴維斯死于癌癥,所以我認(rèn)為這和家庭背景有關(guān)。
Each of us has different genetic Metabolism. Some can smoke until 90 years old with no problem. As for me, just inhale a cigarette will cause me trouble breathing, coughing for couple days and sorethroat, let alone one cigarette/day.
Some people can eat lots of food about 5,000 Calories/day or more and have no health problem. As for me, consume healthy food 2000 Calories (excess 200 from 1800/day) will increase my weight and can give me diabetes.
However, eat healthy is always recommended for general population to keep society healthy.
我們每個人都有不同的基因代謝。有些人可以吸煙到90歲,沒有問題。對我來說,僅僅吸一支煙就會導(dǎo)致呼吸困難、咳嗽幾天和喉嚨痛,更不用說每天吸一支了。
有些人每天可以吃5000卡路里或更多的食物,并且沒有健康問題。對我來說,攝取健康食物2000大卡(每天1800大卡的熱量超過200大卡)會增加我的體重,并可能導(dǎo)致糖尿病。
然而,為了保持社會健康,人們總是建議大家吃得健康。
Can you imagine that they could live twice as long if they followed a healthy lifestyle?
I will agree, that luck and genetics matter, but your choices are key to longevity. Why should you even shave off years from your life by smoking, eating junk food, and leading a passive lifestyle?
Instead of shortening your life, learn how to become a super-ager following this guideline.
Diet can be the fundament for the long life and slow aging!
Everyone is interested in living a long life. But not everyone keeps their body in a healthy state. To start with, you can balance your diet and start taking more vitamins from vegetables, fruits, and leafy greens.
It is not a secret that by cleansing your body you can also clean your mind. Hence, healthy eating stabilizes mental health, keeps you away from stress.
Never stop moving!
Sporting is one of the most important habits for you to maintain your healthy lifespan and unlax the process of living. Training postpones aging, stabilizes your heart rate and health, lowers the risk of getting age-related chronic diseases. Scientists put a huge meaning in training but they also suggest a balanced training program. You should know that everything is good in the proper amount.
你能想象如果他們遵循健康的生活方式,他們的壽命會延長一倍嗎?
我同意,運氣和基因很重要,但你的選擇是長壽的關(guān)鍵。為什么你甚至應(yīng)該通過吸煙、吃垃圾食品和消極的生活方式來減少你的壽命?
與其縮短你的壽命,不如照著這條指南學(xué)習(xí)如何成為一個超級老人。
飲食是長壽和延緩衰老的基礎(chǔ)!
每個人都對長壽感興趣。但并不是每個人都能保持身體健康。首先,你可以平衡你的飲食,開始從蔬菜、水果和綠葉蔬菜中攝取更多的維生素。
清潔你的身體也可以清潔你的思想,這不是秘密。因此,健康的飲食可以穩(wěn)定心理健康,讓你遠離壓力。
永遠不要停止運動!
運動是維持健康壽命和放松生活過程的最重要習(xí)慣之一。訓(xùn)練可以延緩衰老,穩(wěn)定你的心率和健康,降低患與年齡有關(guān)的慢性病的風(fēng)險??茖W(xué)家們認(rèn)為訓(xùn)練意義重大,但他們也建議制定一個平衡的訓(xùn)練計劃。你應(yīng)該知道,一切都是好的,適量就行。
Many people have problems with sleep. In most cases that can be related to stress, circadian rhythm, or eating before sleep. The latter can be explained that your brain just cannot be turned off when your guts work on digesting. Your sleep can also be affected by the disorder in circadian rhythm. This is your inner clock that reacts to the morning light and evening dark. It is now obvious that sleep deprivation can affect your life expectancy.
American Academy of Sleep Medicine suggests the sleeping hygiene you can set up consists of:
Setting a specific time when you must go to sleep for getting 7–8 hours of sleep,
get up at the same time every day without omitting weekends,
let your eyes rest in the darkness and limit bright light exposure while sleeping,
try to be active before bedtime, a small, not excess exercise before sleeping can positively affect your sleep,
use your bedroom for sleeping only,
do not use electronic devices before sleeping,
do not eat a heavy meal before bedtime,
avoid consuming caffeine, alcohol and reduce fluid intake before sleeping.
You can try to put these tips on your healthful habits list. Try to fill in the checkboxes and follow the results. These tiny checkboxes may change your life for the better if you build a habit not to ignore them day by day.
養(yǎng)成正確的睡眠習(xí)慣!
許多人有睡眠問題。在大多數(shù)情況下,這可能與壓力、晝夜節(jié)律或睡前進食有關(guān)。后者可以解釋為,當(dāng)你的腸子消化時,你的大腦無法休息。你的睡眠也會受到晝夜節(jié)律紊亂的影響。這是你的內(nèi)在生物鐘,對晨曦和黃昏做出反應(yīng)?,F(xiàn)在很明顯,睡眠不足會影響你的壽命。
美國睡眠醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)會建議,你可以建立的睡眠衛(wèi)生包括:
設(shè)定一個你必須睡覺的特定時間,以獲得7-8小時的睡眠,
每天都在同一時間起床,周末也一樣,
讓你的眼睛在黑暗中休息,限制睡覺時受到強光照射,
試著在睡覺前積極活動,睡前一個小的、不過度的運動會對你的睡眠產(chǎn)生積極的影響,
你的臥室只能用來睡覺,
睡覺前不要使用電子設(shè)備,
睡前不要吃太多食物,
睡覺前避免攝入咖啡因、酒精和減少液體攝入。
你可以試著把這些小貼士放在你的健康習(xí)慣清單上。嘗試填寫復(fù)選框并跟蹤結(jié)果。如果你養(yǎng)成一個每天都不忽視它們的習(xí)慣,這些小小的復(fù)選框可能會讓你的生活變得更好。
Recent research suggests that there are genes that guarantee a person's thinness. Their slimness is simply a given, embedded in them from birth.
Over the past decades, many studies have been on genetic predispositions toward obesity, but much less attention has been paid to the genes responsible for thinness. Scientists have studied the genetic data of just over 1600 British residents with a body mass index below 18, 2 thousand people suffering from a severe form of obesity, and 10.4 thousand - with weight within normal limits. All participants in this study were interviewed about their diets and lifestyles.
Based on the findings, scientists concluded that a person's physique does not always depend on their lifestyle, as is commonly believed. Some people get fat, not because of poor nutrition or neglecting exercise, but simply because their combination of genes encourages weight gain. The same is true of thinness: it is not always the result of challenging workouts and many diets.
At this point, it is not entirely clear which sets of genes contribute to the slimness of their owners. Several additional studies are being conducted to answer this question.
However, along with this, experts emphasize that whatever genetics has given you by nature, it is crucial to look after yourself, avoid overeating, and move more. All this affects not only your weight but also your overall health.
最近的研究表明,有一些基因可以保證一個人苗條。她們的苗條是與生俱來的,從出生起就嵌入其中。
在過去的幾十年里,許多研究都是關(guān)于肥胖的遺傳易感性,但對導(dǎo)致苗條的基因關(guān)注較少。科學(xué)家研究了1600多名英國居民的遺傳數(shù)據(jù),他們的體重指數(shù)低于18,2000人患有嚴(yán)重肥胖,10.4萬人體重在正常范圍內(nèi)。這項研究的所有參與者都接受了關(guān)于飲食和生活方式的采訪。
根據(jù)這些發(fā)現(xiàn),科學(xué)家得出結(jié)論,一個人的體質(zhì)并不總是像人們普遍認(rèn)為的那樣取決于他們的生活方式。有些人發(fā)胖,不是因為營養(yǎng)不良或忽視鍛煉,而是因為他們的基因組合鼓勵體重增加。瘦身也是如此:瘦身并不總是挑戰(zhàn)性鍛煉和多種飲食的結(jié)果。
目前,尚不完全清楚是哪些基因?qū)е铝嗣鐥l。為了回答這個問題,正在進行其他幾項研究。
然而,除此之外,專家們強調(diào),無論遺傳給你的是什么,照顧好自己、避免暴飲暴食和多運動都是至關(guān)重要的。所有這些不僅影響你的體重,也影響你的整體健康。
Excellent question. There are many variables to that question. I will focus on the gut part. The body and gut have a mucus lining. That protects the organs, intestines, stomach and so on. If a children has a great start on life with nutrition and bacteria then the core is good. In most cases. Then the child turns into a teenager and starts with a soda and junk food this can change the gut bacteria. If this person eats some junk food and stills gets the bacteria needed for the protection of the lining and ph, enzymes are good then they should do well. It is when the mucus lining and bad bacteria and or pathogens and parasites get in things can go wrong. Now none of this is going into depth of cancer, thyroid or any other issues. Sugar is a dangerous thing to the body. And it causes a lot of problems. Some people do well others do not. There is a lot that can affect all of this.
很好的問題。這個問題有很多變數(shù)。我將專注于腸道部分。身體和腸道都有一層粘液。這保護了器官、腸道、胃等。如果一個孩子的生命有了一個良好的開端,營養(yǎng)和細菌,那么核心是好的。在大多數(shù)情況下。然后孩子變成青少年,開始吃蘇打水和垃圾食品,這可以改變腸道細菌。如果這個人吃了一些垃圾食品,但仍然得到了保護襯里和ph值所需的細菌,酶是好的,那么他們應(yīng)該做得很好。當(dāng)粘液里和壞細菌或病原體和寄生蟲進入時,事情就會出問題?,F(xiàn)在這些都沒有深入到癌癥、甲狀腺或任何其他問題。糖對身體有害。這也帶來了很多問題。有些人做得好,有些人做不好。有很多因素可以影響這一切。
What is unhealthy? According to modern propaganda people before us ate “Unhealthy” food for 80 years or more and lived. Not only do I eat “unhealthy” I drink a lot. I am in my late 60’s with the various types of maladies. Type 2 diabetes, obese, high blood pressure, whatever. I am doing what I can to survive the plague and see doctors on a regular basis and get a colonoscopy on a regular basis too. I take my pills also for whatever. My father used to eat eggs and bacon each morning and NEVER wash the pan or silverware. He would get livid if it was done. He made it to 90. Fell in the bathroom due to a bad leg from a fall and hit his head and died. I admit he may have been drunk too. Anyway my philosophy- I am going to die, there is no avoiding it!!! I may as well enjoy the trip!!!!
什么是不健康的?根據(jù)現(xiàn)代宣傳,我們之前的人們吃了80多年的“不健康”食物,并且活了下來。我不僅吃得“不健康”,而且喝得過多。我已經(jīng)60多歲了,有各種各樣的疾病。2型糖尿病、肥胖、高血壓等等。我正在盡我所能熬過瘟疫,定期去看醫(yī)生,也定期做結(jié)腸鏡檢查。 我什么藥都吃。我父親過去每天早上吃雞蛋和熏肉,從不洗鍋或餐具。甚至若洗了他的餐具,他會大發(fā)雷霆的。他活到了90歲。在浴室里摔了一跤,摔壞了一條腿,撞到頭死了。我承認(rèn)他可能也喝醉了。無論如何,我的人生哲理是—我將會死去,這是無法避免的!我不妨享受這次人生旅行!
The problem with your question is the broad term “unhealthy”, which is often subjective and sometimes even based on false information. These days there is a growing cult of vegans who argue that eating meat is “unhealthy” (it isn’t). Not very long ago it was considered “healthy” to eat margarine instead of butter (it isn’t).
Now if you are talking about people who live on fast food and candy, it’s immediately obvious that they are not in good health just by their weight. They will not live a long life that way. Most are dead decades sooner than those who avoid processed foods and junk snacks.
你的問題在于“不健康”是個寬泛的術(shù)語,這通常是主觀的,有時甚至基于虛假信息。如今,越來越多的素食主義者認(rèn)為吃肉“不健康”(事實并非如此)。不久前,吃人造奶油而不吃奶油被認(rèn)為是“健康的”(事實并非如此)。
現(xiàn)在,如果你談?wù)摰氖悄切┮钥觳秃吞枪麨樯娜?,光看他們的體重就能立刻看出他們的健康狀況不佳。他們還活不了許久。他們中的大多數(shù)比那些不吃加工食品和垃圾零食的人死得早幾十年。
while nutrition is part of general health and welbeing, potential life length is more than just ‘eating very unhealthy’..
‘eating very unhealthy’ is also a matter of opinion, which also generally changes over time and increasing understandings as to optimum nutrition and health..
many okinawans eat basic home grown veg etc, plus fresh fish, incl 90 +yr olds who tend their own gardens, which is one hint.
ongoing over use of alcohol also comes up in statistics as a real factor in general health and lifespan, including from accidents and car smashes etc..
thus potential life span is a factor of various realities beyond ‘eating healthy’..
no doubt some have genetic predispositions to longer life, or otherwise, with genetic diseases etc not dependent upon eating healthy..
in emergency depts of hospitals, the first thing they ask is ‘do you smoke’, not, ‘do you eat healthy’…
stress for example is related to heart disease and other quality of life factors, both ways.. less stress, and better dealing with stress, enhance other realities..
last years usa road death toll was 42,000 dead, plus about 5 million injured..
when you look at such ongoing causes of death and injury over a lifetime or more, it becomes obvious that there is more to survival than eating healthy..
bearing in mind that people often think their diet is basically healthy, even tho it may be of processed foods, fatty foods, junk foods and so on.. the or a basic eating healthy message on mass broadcasting etc, includes brainwashing, or ads promoting rubbish foods, as ‘fun’ with healthy young people eating it, which represents ongoing conditioning of peoples thoughts on what is good food, healthy food…
thus there is as usual more to it than one particular idea or supposition..
雖然營養(yǎng)是總體健康和幸福的一部分,但潛在壽命不僅僅是“吃得非常不健康”。
“吃得非常不健康”也是一個觀點問題,隨著時間的推移,人們對最佳營養(yǎng)和健康的理解也在不斷增加。
許多沖繩人吃基本的家庭種植的蔬菜等,加上新鮮的魚,包括90多歲的老人,他們有自己的花園,這是一個提示。
在統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)中,持續(xù)過度飲酒也成為影響一般健康和壽命的一個真正因素,包括事故和車禍等。
因此,潛在壽命是超越“健康飲食”的各種現(xiàn)實因素。
毫無疑問,有些人有長壽的遺傳傾向,或者其他,遺傳疾病等就不依賴健康飲食。
在醫(yī)院的急診科,他們首先要問的是“你吸煙嗎”,而不是“你吃得健康嗎“。
例如,壓力與心臟病和其他生活質(zhì)量因素有關(guān),減少壓力和更好地應(yīng)對壓力,這兩種方面都對現(xiàn)實壽命有好處。
去年,美國公路死亡人數(shù)為42000人,另有約500萬人受傷。
當(dāng)你在一生或更長的時間里觀察這些持續(xù)的死亡和傷害的原因時,很明顯,生存比健康飲食更重要。
記住,人們通常認(rèn)為他們的飲食基本上是健康的,即使可能是加工食品、高脂肪食品、垃圾食品等?;蛘呤谴蟊姀V播中基本的健康飲食信息,這包括洗腦,或宣傳垃圾食品的廣告,因為健康的年輕人吃它很“有趣”,這代表著人們對什么是好的食物,健康的食物的想法的不斷調(diào)整。
因此,與往常一樣,它不僅僅是一個特定的想法或假設(shè)。
Did you know that people who live to be 95 are just as likely to make unhealthy lifestyle choices as anyone else? At least that’s what one study from the Yeshiva Institute for Aging found. Smoking, drinking, failing to exercise, eating processed foods—some people do these things all their lives and somehow still manage to outlive their healthier peers. Likewise, some people who make all the right choices (eating Paleo, exercising, wearing sunscreen etc.) are sometimes the ones who get the sickest.
People who do end up living to 95+ are a rarity (~ .01% of the population). But several studies have shown this to group to smoke, drink, and lead sedentary life-styles just as much, or, in some cases, even more than the general population. At first, this might seem absolutely baffling. You might be wondering: is all my work to stay healthy done in vain if people who do just the opposite outlive me?
The answer is: of course not. The real story behind these long-lived, yet unhealthy people is luck—more specifically, the luck of winning the genetic lottery. Oftentimes, people who live to be very old simply have longevity encoded within their genes. They might interact with environmental factors differently than others. Their good genes work to counteract the effects of bad behavior and bad habits. Some genes not only slow down cellular aging, but also provide an anti-aging effect—giving some people a huge advantage when it comes to living a long, if unhealthy, life.
Now you might be wondering, how do I know if I’m one of these people? Well, you can’t—that is, until you actually live to be very old. In other words, only time will tell if you made out with the genetic winnings—and the odds aren’t in your favor. For 99.9% of us, life-style choices matter a great deal. While a small segment of the population might seem to defy the idea that how we live our lives dictates how old we live to be, the fact is, these people are the exception to the rule; they’re going to live a long time no matter what. The rest of us actually do have control over how long we do or don’t live; which is really a good thing if you think about it.
你知道嗎,活到95歲的人和其他人一樣,也可能選擇不健康的生活方式?至少這是葉史瓦老齡研究所的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的。吸煙、酗酒、不鍛煉、吃加工食品——有些人一輩子都在做這些事情,但不知何故,他們的壽命仍然比采用健康的方式生活的同齡人活得更長。同樣,一些做出正確選擇的人(吃原始飲食、鍛煉、涂防曬霜等)有時是病得最嚴(yán)重的人。
最終活到95歲以上的人很少見(約占人口的.01%)。但幾項研究表明,他們抽煙、喝酒、過著久坐不動的生活方式,在某些情況下,甚至比一般人群多。乍一看,這似乎完全令人費解。你可能會想:如果那些做相反事情的人比我活得更久,我為保持健康所做的所有努力都是徒勞的嗎?
答案是:當(dāng)然不是。這些長壽但不健康的人背后真正的故事是運氣——更確切地說,是贏得基因彩票的運氣。通常情況下,長壽的人只是基因里有長壽的編碼。它們與環(huán)境因素的相互作用可能與其他因素不同。他們良好的基因可以抵消不良行為和壞習(xí)慣的影響。有些基因不僅能減緩細胞衰老,而且還具有抗衰老作用,使一些人在長壽(但采用不健康的生活方式)方面擁有巨大優(yōu)勢。
現(xiàn)在你可能會想,我怎么知道我是不是這些人中的一員?嗯,在你真正活到很老之前,你是不能知道的。換句話說,只有時間才能證明你是否成功了——而且?guī)茁什⒉粚δ阌欣?。對?9.9%的人來說,生活方式的選擇至關(guān)重要。雖然一小部分人似乎不相信我們的生活方式?jīng)Q定了我們的壽命,但事實是,這些人是這一規(guī)則的例外;不管怎樣,他們都會活得很長。我們其余的人實際上可以控制自己的壽命;如果你仔細想想,這真的是一件好事。
The answer, again, is: of course not! The study found 22 cancers that were tied to random gene mutations—but nine others, including skin cancer, colorectal, and lung cancer, were proven to be tied to environmental and life-style factors. Breast cancer was not uated in the study.
The moral of the story is that some cancers (particularly some of the most common forms) leave more room than others for taking measures of prevention. I.e., what you choose to eat and put on your skin does affect your risk of developing some forms of cancer. Additionally, several studies have shown that healthy living tends to turn off cancer-promoting genes and turn on cancer-suppressing genes—more evidence that making healthy choices does affect our risk of developing cancer.
At the end of the day, the work you do to stay healthy matters. A combination of conventional medicine and holistic health almost certainly has a meaningful effect on how old we live to be. And even if you do happen to be one of those people who will live to be 100 no matter what, or one of those people who unfairly falls victim to disease, living healthy will, at the very least, improve the quality of however many years you do live—whether that’s 45, 75, or 100+.
So take care of you and love life longer.
但我們并不總是能夠完全控制。另一方面,你可能一生都在養(yǎng)成健康的習(xí)慣,但仍然會成為疾病的受害者,特別是癌癥。我妻子就是其中之一。盡管她堅持鍛煉、健康飲食、控制環(huán)境毒素,但四年前她還是患上了乳腺癌。約翰斯·霍普金斯大學(xué)的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn),大多數(shù)癌癥發(fā)病率不是由不健康的生活方式引起的,而是由純粹的壞運氣引起的,就像我妻子的情況一樣。問題再次出現(xiàn):你為保持健康所做的一切努力都是徒勞的嗎?
答案是:當(dāng)然不是!研究發(fā)現(xiàn),22種癌癥與隨機基因突變有關(guān),但其他9種癌癥,包括皮膚癌、結(jié)直腸癌和肺癌,被證明與環(huán)境和生活方式因素有關(guān)。研究中未對乳腺癌進行評估。
這個故事的寓意是,一些癌癥(特別是一些最常見的形式)比其他癌癥更容易采取預(yù)防措施。一、 例如,你選擇吃什么和穿什么會影響你患某種癌癥的風(fēng)險。此外,幾項研究表明,健康的生活往往會關(guān)閉促癌基因,而打開抑癌基因,更多的證據(jù)表明,做出健康的選擇確實會影響我們患癌癥的風(fēng)險。
在一天結(jié)束的時候,你為保持健康所做的工作很重要。傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)和整體健康的結(jié)合幾乎肯定會對我們的壽命產(chǎn)生重大影響。即使你碰巧是那些無論如何都能活到100歲的人,或者那些不公平地成為疾病受害者的人,健康的生活至少會提高你的生活質(zhì)量——不管是45歲、75歲還是100歲以上。
所以好好照顧自己,熱愛生命。
Your genes. Some people go their whole lives always sickly and die early. Others abuse their bodies and live long lives. Both of these extreme cases are in the tails of distributions. Most people are healthier and live longer if they eat well and not too much, never smoke or use other harmful drugs, and never drink too much alcohol.
Years ago, I read an obituary in the local paper about a well-known guy who weighed over 300 lbs, would come to the racetrack regularly and eat a bunch of hot dogs, and IIRC he smoked as well. Died in his late 80’s.
與你的基因有關(guān)。有些人一輩子都是體弱多病,死得很早。還有一些人虐待自己的身體,卻長壽。這兩種都屬于極端情況。如果吃得好、不吃太多、不吸煙或使用其他有害藥物、不過量飲酒,大多數(shù)人會更健康、更長壽。
多年前,我在當(dāng)?shù)貓蠹埳峡吹揭粍t訃告,說的是一個體重超過300磅的知名人士,他經(jīng)常來賽馬場,吃一大堆熱狗,而且他還抽煙,80多歲去世。