QA問(wèn)答：在國(guó)際象棋比賽中，白棋先走一步是種族主義嗎？
Is it racist that white makes the first move in a game of chess?
譯文簡(jiǎn)介
嗯，這是一種很輕的種族主義形式，至少黑人可以參與比賽，而且在很多情況下，甚至還能獲勝。
如果你想聽(tīng)到一些非常糟糕的東西，以我為例：我從不使用黑色牙膏，我總是寫(xiě)在白紙上，我甚至不喝牛奶，除非它是完全白色的（有一次，我的牛奶里漂浮著一種不明黑色的東西，我把它舀了出來(lái)！如果那不是種族主義，我不知道是什么）。
正文翻譯
Is it racist that white makes the first move in a game of chess?
在國(guó)際象棋比賽中，白棋先走一步是種族主義嗎？
評(píng)論翻譯
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It is not just racist, it is also sexist. See, the poor queen has to do most of the work while the king just stays idle most of the time. And when the king is gone, the game is done.
It is elitist and capitalist. See the poor pawns who are being sacrificed by the bourgeoisie pieces. Down with you rich bastards!
It is evangelist and theist. I mean, what is a bishop doing in my board?
It is Manichaeist - believing that everything is black and white, while life is an infinite shade of gray.
這不僅是種族主義，也是性別歧視?？?，可憐的女王必須做大部分工作，而國(guó)王大部分時(shí)間都無(wú)所事事。當(dāng)國(guó)王狗帶，游戲就結(jié)束了。
它是精英主義和資本主義。看看被資產(chǎn)階級(jí)的棋子犧牲的可憐的棋子。打倒你們這些有錢(qián)的混蛋！
它是福音派和有神論者。我的意思是，主教在我的董事會(huì)做什么？
摩尼教教徒相信一切都是黑白的，而生活是一種無(wú)限的灰色陰影。
It is imperialist and not pacifist. See you are warmongering and killing armies. You bloodthirsty people. It is probably even atavist and extremist.
It is anachronist - fighting with cavalry, siege weapons and elephants. Are we living in medi India, China or Persia? Get on the machine guns, helicopters and missiles, guys. I would seriously love a nuclear weapon - once one side gets there, game over ;-)
It is also squarist. I mean, why is it all squares? Why not circles or triangles, for Pete's sake?
這是確定的——沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)或運(yùn)氣的余地。
這是帝國(guó)主義，而不是和平主義?？?，你在煽動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，屠殺軍隊(duì)。你們這些嗜血的人。它甚至可能是返祖主義者和極端主義者。
這是不合時(shí)宜的——用騎兵、攻城武器和大象作戰(zhàn)。我們生活在中世紀(jì)的印度、中國(guó)還是波斯？伙計(jì)們，快裝上機(jī)關(guān)槍、直升機(jī)和導(dǎo)彈。我真的很喜歡核武器——一旦一方到達(dá)那里，游戲結(jié)束。
它也是方形的。我的意思是，為什么都是正方形？看在皮特的份上，為什么不畫(huà)圓形或三角形呢？
Well, that is a very light form of racism, at least black does get to play, and in many cases, even win.
If you want to hear some of the really bad stuff, take me for example: I never use black toothpaste, I always write on white paper, and I went as far as to not consume milk unless it was perfectly white (one time, there was an unidentified black thing floating in my milk, and I scooped it out! If that's not racism, I don't know what is).
嗯，這是一種很輕的種族主義形式，至少黑人可以參與比賽，而且在很多情況下，甚至還能獲勝。
如果你想聽(tīng)到一些非常糟糕的東西，以我為例：我從不使用黑色牙膏，我總是寫(xiě)在白紙上，我甚至不喝牛奶，除非它是完全白色的（有一次，我的牛奶里漂浮著一種不明黑色的東西，我把它舀了出來(lái)！如果那不是種族主義，我不知道是什么）。
此外，我還想指出一個(gè)非常令人擔(dān)憂的問(wèn)題：Quora網(wǎng)站使用的白色比黑色多得多。看看所有的白色背景和黑色小文本像素。太離譜了！我想這就是為什么人們一直在這里寫(xiě)作、寫(xiě)作和寫(xiě)作的原因，通過(guò)用黑色字符占據(jù)空白空間來(lái)減少種族主義。
Is it racist that red goes before black in checkers? They say fire before smoke. Is it racist that the White House is white. Is it racist that there are black colleges but not “white colleges. Are white birds racist? I could go on and on about this nonsense . None of those things are racist, yet in todays society, people are turning the most innocent things racist or offensive and frankly its childish and getting old fast.
跳棋中紅先于黑是種族主義嗎？他們說(shuō)先火后煙。白宮是白色的是種族主義者嗎？有黑人大學(xué)而沒(méi)有“白人大學(xué)”，這是種族主義嗎？白鳥(niǎo)是種族主義者嗎？我可以不停地談?wù)撨@些無(wú)稽之談。這些事情都不是種族主義，但在當(dāng)今社會(huì)，人們正在把最無(wú)辜的事情變成種族主義或冒犯性的，坦率地說(shuō)，這是幼稚的，很快就會(huì)衰老。
If so, it would be equally racist if black got to make the first move.
如果是這樣的話，如果黑色先走一步，也同樣是種族主義。
The question is based on a false premise. "White" or "black" does not move in chess. The player with the white pieces moves first and that player can be of any race. Also, in competitive chess players alternative colors, so in any tournament everyone has the same opportunity to start first.
Chess one of the most equal-opportunity games around. It doesn't require access to rich schools and neighborhoods or expensive equipment. You don't need a horse (polo) or pay greens fees (golf). It is purely mental. It is played by rich and poor. Even those with disabilities are on equal terms. Blind (or blindfolded) tournament participants are quite common and are part of the tradition of the game.
這個(gè)問(wèn)題基于一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的前提。“白”或“黑”在國(guó)際象棋中都不動(dòng)，先動(dòng)的是使用白色棋子的人，這個(gè)人可以是任何種族的人。此外，在國(guó)際象棋比賽中，選手可以選擇不同的顏色，所以在任何比賽中，每個(gè)人都有同樣的機(jī)會(huì)先開(kāi)始。
國(guó)際象棋是機(jī)會(huì)最均等的游戲之一。它不需要進(jìn)入富裕的學(xué)校和社區(qū)，也不需要昂貴的設(shè)備。你不需要馬（馬球）或支付果嶺費(fèi)（高爾夫）。這是純粹的智力游戲。富人和窮人都能玩。即使是殘疾人也享有平等待遇。盲人（或蒙著眼睛）參加比賽的人很常見(jiàn)，也是比賽傳統(tǒng)的一部分。
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此外，如果你想制作關(guān)于游戲的社會(huì)故事，它更多的應(yīng)該是基于階級(jí)而非種族。請(qǐng)注意，棋子中最弱和最常見(jiàn)的棋子幾乎總是最先移動(dòng)的，而皇后移動(dòng)的時(shí)間要晚得多，而國(guó)王通常在游戲結(jié)束前都不會(huì)移動(dòng)（除了是為了保護(hù)）。因此，如果任何東西最先移動(dòng)都代表著較低的階級(jí)地位，不是特權(quán)階級(jí)。
As many have made it clear that "Chess is not racist" through their witty sarcasm tinged answers.... i would just like to throw in a fresh perspective -
Yes, may be the creators of the great game of Chess were racist.
May be black pieces in Chess do represent the dark complexioned races of the world and the white pieces do represent the remaining fair complexioned(so called superior) ones.....
but then may be Chess teaches one of the best lessons to the world of today :
"At the end of the game, all the pieces go into the same box"
Clearly a game is not racist. It depends on how we choose to play it.
正如許多人通過(guò)他們?cè)溨C諷刺的回答清楚地表明“國(guó)際象棋不是種族主義的”……我只想提出一個(gè)新的觀點(diǎn)：
是的，也許國(guó)際象棋這個(gè)偉大游戲的創(chuàng)造者是種族主義者。
也許國(guó)際象棋中的黑色棋子確實(shí)代表了世界上膚色較深的種族，而白色棋子則代表了其余膚色較淺（所謂的高級(jí)）的種族……
但也許國(guó)際象棋給當(dāng)今世界上最好的教訓(xùn)之一是：
游戲結(jié)束時(shí)，所有棋子都會(huì)被放在同一個(gè)盒子里。
顯然，一個(gè)游戲不是種族主義。一切取決于我們選擇玩它的方式。
One could argue to the contrary, because being forced to move the white first, while the blacks sit and watch sounds like slavery, limitation of freedom, negation of rights, black supremacy. So, you see? Both whites and blacks are unhappy withe the chess rules. For this reason, many have given up playing chess in favor of playing the racism card game: the only known game where the player, be it white or black or yellow, always wins. It is a pretty boring game, but so are the people who play it.
有人可能會(huì)提出相反的觀點(diǎn)，因?yàn)楸黄仁紫纫苿?dòng)白色的，而黑色的坐在那里觀望，聽(tīng)起來(lái)像是奴隸制、限制自由、否定權(quán)利、黑人至上。所以，你看到了嗎？白人和黑人都對(duì)國(guó)際象棋規(guī)則不滿。出于這個(gè)原因，許多人放棄下棋，轉(zhuǎn)而玩種族主義紙牌游戲：這是唯一的一個(gè)已經(jīng)被知道的，無(wú)論是白人、黑人、黃種人，都能獲勝的游戲。這是一個(gè)很無(wú)聊的游戲，玩它的人也是。
If chess pieces were pink and blue, would it be sexist if pink was allowed to play first, because pink is a more girlish colour?
No.
It's just a simple choice, one of the two colours had to be chosen.
It is wrong to think that any choice involving white or black will ultimately end up being categorised as racist.
如果棋子是粉色和藍(lán)色的，如果允許粉色先下走，會(huì)不會(huì)有性別歧視，因?yàn)榉凵衽⒆拥念伾?br /> 不是的。
這只是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的選擇，必須選出兩種顏色。
認(rèn)為任何涉及白或黑的選擇最終都會(huì)被歸類(lèi)為種族主義者是錯(cuò)誤的。
In modern India may be we can set this right, by allowing two moves of the black and only one move for the whites, in order to improve the position of suppressed blacks from so many years :P :D !!!
在現(xiàn)代印度，也許我們可以通過(guò)允許黑色動(dòng)兩步，白色只允許動(dòng)一步來(lái)糾正這一點(diǎn)，以便改善多年來(lái)被壓制的黑人的地位，：P ：D?。?！
In addition to what Balaji Viswanathan (?????? ??????????) said, I would add a few more valuable points.
Chess is not only sexist but also "Polygamist" as one king can have as many as nine queens. If one is killed promote the pawn to make a new queen.
To worsen the scene its also "Male Chauvinist" - nine queens for a single king who does no work. "Castle" is built to protect the coward king and poor queens fight to capture the enemy pieces.
我想補(bǔ)充一些更有價(jià)值的觀點(diǎn)。
國(guó)際象棋不僅涉及性別歧視，而且是“一夫多妻制”，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)國(guó)王可以有多達(dá)九個(gè)皇后。如果皇后被殺，可以將兵提升成為新皇后。
更糟糕的是，還有“男性沙文主義”——九個(gè)皇后為了一個(gè)不工作的國(guó)王。“城堡”是為了保護(hù)膽小的國(guó)王和可憐的皇后，他們?yōu)榱藠Z取敵人的碎片而戰(zhàn)斗。
More hilarious, his death should be warned beforehand - "Check"
Nevertheless, this game has positive side too.
"Feminist" - the strongest and most powerful piece is called queen.
"Humanist" - the enemy piece is "captured" not "killed".
它是“專(zhuān)制”的。你可以把英勇的兵提升為騎士或主教，怎么說(shuō)呢，甚至是皇后。但是，不管他多么勇敢地戰(zhàn)斗到最后一個(gè)敵軍，它永遠(yuǎn)也不能占據(jù)國(guó)王的位置。國(guó)王只有一個(gè)。國(guó)王的獨(dú)裁使其他人“犧牲”，在任何情況下都不能讓國(guó)王被抓。
更有趣的是，他的死亡應(yīng)該事先得到警告：“將軍”
然而，這場(chǎng)比賽也有積極的一面。
“女權(quán)主義者”——最強(qiáng)大、最有力量的會(huì)被稱為皇后。
“人道主義者”——敵人被“俘虜”，而不是“殺死”。
Racist against which group?
It could be racist against White! Yeah, those white players are so bad, they have to go first!
This is a silly answer. But then, it's a silly question.
種族主義者反對(duì)的是哪個(gè)團(tuán)體？
這可能是針對(duì)白人的種族主義！是的，那些白人比賽者太糟糕了，他們必須先走！
這是一個(gè)愚蠢的回答。但是，這是一個(gè)愚蠢的問(wèn)題。
Yes! The whole black versus white thing is outrageous and it is criminal that white should go first!
All chess pieces should be changed to grey immediately!!
是的，整個(gè)黑與白的較量太離譜了，白必須先走，這是犯罪！
所有棋子應(yīng)立即變?yōu)榛疑。?/b>
Part of being intelligent is being able to make distinctions.
Is it racist that white people tend to be preferred in hiring decisions? Yes.
Is it racist that we can see things in the light and not in the dark? No.
聰明的那部分人要能夠做出區(qū)分：
白人在招聘決策中傾向于被優(yōu)先考慮，這是種族主義嗎？是的。
我們可以在光明中而不是在黑暗中看到事物，這是種族主義嗎？不是的。
Interesting answers ... I would quickly like to add that, in 'Baduk(a.k.a. 'Go')', it is customary for the black to make the first move before white (unlike in chess).
The underlying decorum in Baduk, though, is that the better player (roughly determined by past records) should allow his/her counterpart to make the first move; ergo, usually the elder/experienced player takes the white stones, while the younger challenger takes the black stones.
Does this make Baduk a racist game? No. (Although the person who asked this question might also insist that, reserving the white stones for the better player is racist. In such a case, whoever makes the first move would be immaterial in deciding the 'racist' nature of a board game.) By the same token, chess cannot be deemed as racist only on grounds that the white player makes the first move.
有趣的答案……我想很快補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn)，在圍棋中，黑色先于白色邁出第一步是慣例（與國(guó)際象棋不同）。
不過(guò)，圍棋的基本禮節(jié)是，更好的比賽者（根據(jù)過(guò)去的記錄大致確定）應(yīng)該讓對(duì)手先采取行動(dòng)；因此，通常是年長(zhǎng)/有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的選手拿白色的石頭，而年輕的挑戰(zhàn)者拿黑色的石頭。
這會(huì)使圍棋成為種族主義游戲嗎？不會(huì)。
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Why don't you think the other way?
Everyone is sitting in peace, and its the whites who have some issue with the blacks and they start to attack them. Blacks are merely defending themselves and their territory.
So maybe, the guy who invented it wanted to depict this menace of racism through this, who knows.
你為什么不換個(gè)角度思考呢？
每個(gè)人都安然無(wú)恙，白色與黑色之間存在一些分歧，他們開(kāi)始攻擊黑色。黑色只是在捍衛(wèi)自己和自己的領(lǐng)土。
所以也許，發(fā)明它的人想通過(guò)這個(gè)來(lái)描述種族主義的威脅，誰(shuí)知道呢。
Yes completely racist. And most people who play chess probably also segregate their laundry into whites, darks and coloureds. We live in a depraved world.
是的，完全是種族主義。大多數(shù)下棋的人可能也會(huì)把洗好的衣服分為白色、黑色和有色。我們生活在一個(gè)墮落的世界。
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It's racist only if you attribute it to racism.
Both Chess, and an older game called Weiqi (Go) have black and white pieces. In Weiqi, black moves first ... because black is traditionally attributed to yin, and weakness, so it is given the first move. Weaker players play black .
However, if you have a lot of emotional disturbances or vulnerabilities around racism, you start projecting those associations onto anything relating to White and Black. Everything is racist. The thing is, that's an externalized projections of one's inner vulnerabilities. Those vulnerabilities are real, and in American society, tends to be neglected, and aggravated by externalized racism. Having said that, I've known African American men and woman who carry sufficient inner strength to navigate gracefully through racism.
只有當(dāng)你把它歸因于種族主義時(shí)，它才是種族主義。
國(guó)際象棋和古老的圍棋都有黑白棋子。在圍棋中，黑色首先移動(dòng)……因?yàn)楹谏珎鹘y(tǒng)上被認(rèn)為是陰和虛弱，所以它被給予第一個(gè)移動(dòng)。弱者玩黑棋。
然而，如果你在種族主義方面有很多情緒障礙或脆弱性，你就會(huì)開(kāi)始把這些聯(lián)系投射到任何與白人和黑人有關(guān)的事情上。一切都是種族主義。問(wèn)題是，這是一個(gè)人內(nèi)在弱點(diǎn)的外在投射。這些脆弱性是真實(shí)的，在美國(guó)社會(huì)，往往被忽視，并因外在化的種族主義而加劇。話雖如此，我認(rèn)識(shí)一些非裔美國(guó)人，他們有足夠的內(nèi)在力量，能夠優(yōu)雅地穿越種族主義。
A friend of mine, of Kenyan heritage, once told me a story of his travels to New York, whereupon he found himself ordering coffee at a street-side cafe. The waitress was an African-American girl. When she asked my friend if he wanted his coffee "with cream or without", he casually replied, "I'll have it black thanks." In Australia, where he has lived most of his life, we refer to coffee as black or white. The girl glared at him, my friend who was darker skinned than she, and asked again. "With cream or without?"
Have we become so brittle that the very mention of the word, in any other context than relating to race, is enough to offend? Who cares what colour the plastic chess pieces are? How does the colour of dairy products, or the colour of coffee without them, have the power to fan the flames of racial tension?
The scene at the cafe went on a little further than I have told, but my friend did get his coffee; black, as requested. Upon first hearing the tale I couldn't help but think he should have been a little more culturally sensitive. As a man of colour, was he excused from uttering the colour he prefers his coffee? Apparently not, but I think there would be far more to gain in simply playing the game of chess than worrying about the colour of the pieces.
我的一位肯尼亞裔朋友曾給我講過(guò)他去紐約旅行的故事，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在一家街邊咖啡館點(diǎn)了咖啡。女服務(wù)員是一個(gè)非裔美國(guó)女孩。當(dāng)她問(wèn)我的朋友要不要“加奶油或不加奶油”的咖啡時(shí)，他漫不經(jīng)心地回答說(shuō)：“謝謝你，我要黑咖啡?！彼诎拇罄麃喩盍舜蟀胼呑?，我們把咖啡稱為黑咖啡或白咖啡。女孩瞪了他一眼，我的朋友比她膚色更黑，她又問(wèn)了一遍?！凹幽逃瓦€是不加？”
我們是否變得如此脆弱，以至于在與種族無(wú)關(guān)的任何其他語(yǔ)境中提到這個(gè)詞就足以冒犯他人？誰(shuí)在乎這些塑料棋子是什么顏色的？乳制品的顏色，或者咖啡的顏色，這些有能力煽動(dòng)種族緊張的火焰嗎？
咖啡館的場(chǎng)景比我說(shuō)的要遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)，但我的朋友確實(shí)喝到了咖啡；黑咖啡，按要求。第一次聽(tīng)到這個(gè)故事，我忍不住覺(jué)得他應(yīng)該對(duì)文化更敏感一些。作為一個(gè)有色人種，他說(shuō)出他喜歡的咖啡顏色是會(huì)被原諒的嗎？顯然不是，但我認(rèn)為，比起擔(dān)心棋子的顏色，簡(jiǎn)單地下棋會(huì)有更多的收獲。
Why would that be racist? Are you aware that black has advantages of its own by going last? Sure, statistically speaking white is more likely to win, but that may be more a result of the decisions that both players make while playing the game, as opposed to the extra turn white receives.One advantage with being black is that you can see what white’s opening move is going to be.
為什么這是種族主義？你知道黑棋走在最后有自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)嗎？當(dāng)然，從統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上講，白棋更有可能獲勝，但這可能更多地是雙方玩家在玩游戲時(shí)做出的決定的結(jié)果，而不是白棋獲得的額外優(yōu)先。黑棋的一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是你可以看到白棋的開(kāi)局動(dòng)作。
Chess originated in India.
There was no white black discrimination here.
All are brown-ish. ;)
I hope that's sufficient.
國(guó)際象棋起源于印度。
那里沒(méi)有黑白歧視的問(wèn)題。
都是淺棕色人種。
我希望這個(gè)理由足夠了。
I suppose you see what you want to see. Who really moves first, though? It is almost always the pawns, regardless of color. Maybe the knights. But the “royalty” of the board, the King and the Queen, generally remain in secluded safety until after the pawns (the cannon fodder of the chess board) have staked out some space. So, if you wanted to read something into the ordering of moves, the more astute analysis would talk of class struggle.
The racial aspect, on the other hand is rather weak. The white pieces and black pieces are equal in number and equal in power. This level of equality is one that is rarely achieved in any real society. Yes, one side needs to move first, and in matches players alternate with this. By convention, the player with the white pieces moves first.
Finally, note that it is not settled, as a question of mathematics, whether moving first is actually beneficial. It certainly seems to be so, but it is entirely possible that, with perfect play, the game is drawn. It is even possible that the person who moves second wins with perfect play.
我想你只是看到了你想看到的。然而，誰(shuí)真正先行動(dòng)？無(wú)論顏色如何，它們都只是棋子而已。也許是騎士。但是棋盤(pán)上的“皇室成員”，即國(guó)王和王后，通常會(huì)在棋子（棋盤(pán)上的炮灰）支撐好一些空間之前，保持在隱蔽的安全地方。所以，如果你想從行動(dòng)的順序中解讀出一些東西，更精明的分析是去談?wù)撾A級(jí)斗爭(zhēng)。
另一方面，種族方面相當(dāng)薄弱。白色棋子和黑色棋子數(shù)量相等，功能相同。這種水平的平等是在任何現(xiàn)實(shí)社會(huì)中都很少能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。是的，一方需要先移動(dòng)，在比賽中玩家交替移動(dòng)。照慣例，持白色棋子的玩家首先移動(dòng)。
最后，請(qǐng)注意，作為一個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題，首先移動(dòng)是否真的有益尚未解決?？雌饋?lái)確實(shí)如此，但是完全有可能，憑著完美的發(fā)揮，比賽打成平局。甚至有可能，后動(dòng)者憑著完美的發(fā)揮獲得勝利。