為什么在南美洲，尤其是巴西，數(shù)百只鸚鵡本能地爬上高樓的墻壁？
Why is it that in South America, especially in Brazil, hundreds of parrots instinctively cover the walls of tall buildings (almost as if they were a decoration)?
譯文簡介
在巴西，鸚鵡不會爬滿高樓大廈的墻壁。
它們覆蓋了圣保羅一座建筑的墻壁。
正文翻譯
Like Rogerio said,
Parrots don′t cover the walls of tall buildings in Brazil.
They cover the wall of a single building in S?o Paulo.
就像羅杰里奧說的，
在巴西，鸚鵡不會爬滿高樓大廈的墻壁。
它們覆蓋了圣保羅一座建筑的墻壁。
Parrots don′t cover the walls of tall buildings in Brazil.
They cover the wall of a single building in S?o Paulo.
就像羅杰里奧說的，
在巴西，鸚鵡不會爬滿高樓大廈的墻壁。
它們覆蓋了圣保羅一座建筑的墻壁。
The palace of parrots…
鸚鵡的宮殿……
Crazy uh?
At a first glance, it might look like you said, “a building decoration”. But those are actual birds massed on the building (in italian we call them white-eyed parakeet).
This is happening in the eastern part of S?o Paulo, Brazil, the bricks of building what is known as the "Prédio das maritacas" have been attracting hundreds of parrots every day for twenty-five years.
聽起來有點瘋狂?
乍一看，它可能像你說的“建筑裝飾”。但那些是聚集在建筑上的真正的鳥類（在意大利語中我們也叫它們白眼鸚鵡）。
這發(fā)生在巴西圣保羅的東部，被稱為“瑪麗塔卡斯”的大廈的磚塊25年來每天都吸引著數(shù)百只鸚鵡。
At a first glance, it might look like you said, “a building decoration”. But those are actual birds massed on the building (in italian we call them white-eyed parakeet).
This is happening in the eastern part of S?o Paulo, Brazil, the bricks of building what is known as the "Prédio das maritacas" have been attracting hundreds of parrots every day for twenty-five years.
聽起來有點瘋狂?
乍一看，它可能像你說的“建筑裝飾”。但那些是聚集在建筑上的真正的鳥類（在意大利語中我們也叫它們白眼鸚鵡）。
這發(fā)生在巴西圣保羅的東部，被稱為“瑪麗塔卡斯”的大廈的磚塊25年來每天都吸引著數(shù)百只鸚鵡。
This behaviour could be related to the phenomenon of geophagy: in nature these birds consume small amounts of clay with the double purpose of
1.reducing the harmfulness of certain foods (in particular, studies show a 60% reduction in the toxicity of the alkaloid quinidine, contained in plant) and…
2.…as a supplement of their diet. (EDIT: Don’t miss Lena Kurschev comment below she is showing this phenomen with some very nice pics)
However, in an urban environment they have opted to find what they need more conveniently by licking clay from the surface of the bricks.
這種行為可能與食土現(xiàn)象有關(guān)：在自然界中，這些鳥食用少量的粘土，有兩個目的：
1.減少某些食物的危害（特別是，研究表明，植物中含有的生物堿奎尼丁的毒性降低了60%）和……
2.作為他們飲食的補充（編輯:不要錯過Lena Kurschev下面的評論，她用一些非常漂亮的照片展示了這一現(xiàn)象）
然而，在城市環(huán)境中，他們選擇舔磚頭表面的粘土來更方便地找到他們需要的東西。
1.reducing the harmfulness of certain foods (in particular, studies show a 60% reduction in the toxicity of the alkaloid quinidine, contained in plant) and…
2.…as a supplement of their diet. (EDIT: Don’t miss Lena Kurschev comment below she is showing this phenomen with some very nice pics)
However, in an urban environment they have opted to find what they need more conveniently by licking clay from the surface of the bricks.
這種行為可能與食土現(xiàn)象有關(guān)：在自然界中，這些鳥食用少量的粘土，有兩個目的：
1.減少某些食物的危害（特別是，研究表明，植物中含有的生物堿奎尼丁的毒性降低了60%）和……
2.作為他們飲食的補充（編輯:不要錯過Lena Kurschev下面的評論，她用一些非常漂亮的照片展示了這一現(xiàn)象）
然而，在城市環(huán)境中，他們選擇舔磚頭表面的粘土來更方便地找到他們需要的東西。
Other hypotheses suggest that the structure of this particular building allows many parrots to stop for a break and find shelter at the same time, in harmony with their social instincts; or, even, they use it to rub their beaks in order to sharpen them.
其他假說認為，這座特殊建筑的結(jié)構(gòu)允許許多鸚鵡停下來休息，同時找到避難所，這與它們的社會本能相協(xié)調(diào)；或者，它們甚至用它來摩擦喙，使它們變得鋒利。
其他假說認為，這座特殊建筑的結(jié)構(gòu)允許許多鸚鵡停下來休息，同時找到避難所，這與它們的社會本能相協(xié)調(diào)；或者，它們甚至用它來摩擦喙，使它們變得鋒利。
A pretty sight to see perhaps, but it is sad to think that they are there because their natural environment has probably been slowly wiped out due to human expansion.
也許這是一個美麗的景象，但想到它們在那里，我很難過，因為它們的自然環(huán)境可能已經(jīng)因為人類的擴張而慢慢消失。
也許這是一個美麗的景象，但想到它們在那里，我很難過，因為它們的自然環(huán)境可能已經(jīng)因為人類的擴張而慢慢消失。
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Similar behavior in their natural habitat, with clay riverbanks:
類似的行為在它們的自然棲息地，粘土河岸：
WynnAnne Sibbald to Lena Kurschev
Great pictures! We witnessed this in Peru — fascinating to observe — but I was unable to get a good photo.
很棒的照片！我們在秘魯目睹了這一切——觀察起來很迷人——但我沒能拍到一張好照片。
When a comment truly over delivers…maybe consider making this another answer to the question? Thank you for taking the time.
當一個評論真的言過其實時……也許可以考作為另一個答案來回答這個問題?謝謝你抽出時間。
Beautiful!!!!
美麗! !
I work in S?o Paulo and there are a few buildings like this spread around the city, always beautiful to see.
我在圣保羅工作，像這樣的建筑分布在城市各處，看起來總是很漂亮。
Thanks. I was not aware there were more. I only found reference to one building. Maybe there is one where there are more, or it’s more common (daily)
Still, the question makes it seem the author believes all tall buildings in Brazil have parrots covering their walls.
謝謝。我不知道那里還有更多這樣的。我只找到了一座建筑的資料。也許有一個地方有更多，或者它更常見(日常)
不過，這個問題讓人覺得提問者似乎相信巴西所有的高樓都有鸚鵡爬在墻上。
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S?o Paulo has thousands of buildings, at most I’ve seen five or six buildings that have have these small green parrots on them.
圣保羅有成千上萬的建筑，我最多見過五六座建筑上有這些綠色的小鸚鵡。
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Yes, a few months ago I glanced out my home office window, and was astonished to see half-dozen birds on the side of my neighbor's chimney bricks (yellow finches, I think. Sorry the photo isn't clearer)
是的，幾個月前，我從家里辦公室的窗戶向外瞥了一眼，驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)鄰居的煙囪磚上有六只鳥(我想是黃雀吧。對不起，照片不清楚)
Shulamit Widawsky to Duke Ganote
Close. Goldfinches.
差不多。金翅雀
I have two parrots myself. I can only imagine the amount of noise such a big group attached to the outside walls of your home must make. I don’t think the people living there will be very happy with them, unless the apartments are well-insulated of course
我自己養(yǎng)了兩只鸚鵡。我只能想象這么一大群鸚鵡掛在你家的外墻上會發(fā)出多大的噪音。我不認為住在那里的人會很滿意，當然，除非公寓隔絕性能很好
It is funny to think that humans who are so addicted now to their noisy, flashy smartphones and whatnot would have difficulty with birds’ noises. But then again, birds confined inside a human living space would seem noisier than the birds out in the open.
有趣的是，現(xiàn)在沉迷于嘈雜、華而不實的智能手機之類的東西的人類會很難處理鳥類的噪音。但話說回來，被限制在人類生活空間內(nèi)的鳥類似乎比戶外的鳥類更吵。
I can confirm that they indeed make a lot of noise. When I moved to my house, I'd wake at 5 in the morning to the sound of screeching birds flying above. Thankfully I didn't own a shotgun, because if I did…
They're either gone, or somehow I'm not woken by the noise anymore.
我可以肯定他們確實制造了很多噪音。當我搬到我的房子里時，我會在早上5點被鳥兒飛過的尖叫聲吵醒。幸好我沒有獵槍，因為如果我有……
他們要么離開，要么就是我不再被噪音吵醒了。
“What’s for breakfast? Parrots, again? I’m tired of biting into shotgun pellets. Maybe we could juice them instead?”
“早餐吃什么？又是鸚鵡？我已經(jīng)厭倦了咬獵槍子彈了。也許我們可以給它們榨汁？”
People in the US sometimes build and live in many natural habitats of animals. These beautiful parrots and other animals have to search for what they need in order to survive. I think it is true that birds need to file or sharpen their beaks using something made of calcium or other minerals…or maybe the minerals are needed for their health. These minerals may be present in the brick or clay on this building which draws these parrots. Human beings are not the single most important living organism on earth…but we are the most destructive…h(huán)ence there are animals that have to look for their needs in residential areas or cities.
美國人有時會在許多動物的自然棲息地里建筑和生活。這些美麗的鸚鵡和其他動物為了生存不得不尋找所需的東西。我認為鳥類確實需要用鈣或其他礦物質(zhì)制成的東西來銼尖它們的喙，或者這些礦物質(zhì)是它們健康所必需的。這些礦物質(zhì)可能存在于吸引這些鸚鵡的建筑物的磚或粘土中。人類不是地球上唯一最重要的生物，但我們是最具破壞性的，因此有些動物不得不在居民區(qū)或城市里尋找它們所需的東西。
Don't assume the birds are there for loss of habitat, it may not be the case. Much of Canada for example is uninhabited forestry and swamp area, however the bear, deer and moose are starting these last 15 years roaming streets of small towns(don't ask me why).
Racoons are always scavaging garbage cans if not adequately enclosed. At my brother's house a dove made her nest in the rafters of his front porch awning although he is on 5 acres and plenty of mature trees abound. This very thing happened in the neighborhood I was living in a few years ago.
In any town birds often prefer the perch of buildings over the trees in the same town. They also like dryer lint to make their nests! The deal is: most persons have turned vegetarian or rely on domesticated animals for food source, and Conservation Canada has basically limited hunting to overpopulation culling, and, WWF Canada sets aside large areas where no humans may ever reside or develop,to protect its wildlife. So humans are not anymore natural predators to wildlife, thus animals are emboldened with the human species.
不要以為這些鳥是因為棲息地的喪失而出現(xiàn)的，事實可能并非如此。例如，加拿大的大部分地區(qū)都是無人居住的森林和沼澤地區(qū)，然而在過去的15年里，熊、鹿和駝鹿開始在小城鎮(zhèn)的街道上游蕩(不要問我為什么)。
如果沒有充分的封閉，浣熊總是在垃圾桶里覓食。在我哥哥的房子里，一只鴿子在他前廊遮陽篷的椽子上做了個窩，盡管他的房子在占地5英畝的，而且有很多成熟樹木的地方。幾年前，我住的那個社區(qū)就發(fā)生過這樣的事。
在任何一個城鎮(zhèn)，鳥類往往喜歡棲息在同一城鎮(zhèn)的建筑物上，而不是樹上。它們也喜歡用干燥的棉絨來筑巢！交易是：大多數(shù)人都變成了素食主義者或依賴馴養(yǎng)的動物作為食物來源，加拿大自然保護署基本上限制在數(shù)量過剩的撲殺，并且，世界自然基金會加拿大劃出了大片地區(qū)，任何人都不可能居住或發(fā)展，以保護野生動物。因此，人類不再是野生動物的天敵，因此動物對人類更加大膽。
This is, of course, completely true. The solution for that problem is more difficult to find though, taking into account how much the world’s population has increased and will still increase. I don’t see it getting better, though I do hope it will
當然，這完全正確。然而，考慮到世界人口已經(jīng)增加了多少，而且還將繼續(xù)增加，這個問題的解決方案就更難找到了。我不認為情況會好轉(zhuǎn)，但我確實希望會
yes…this is true. We all need to realize this and plan for the future…all around the world.
是的，這是真的。我們都需要意識到這一點，并為未來做計劃……全世界都是如此。
Burned bricks are not a good source for clay. If the parrots are covering just one area of the building, it means that the bricks are different there. Maybe it’s a batch that wasn’t properly burned, which could also mean that the building is not safe. Or maybe some scent the parrots like was transferred to that pile of bricks: I could imagine dozens of scenarios how that could have happened.
Maybe it has nothing to do with the bricks: maybe the mortar is different in that area. Maybe there was something in the water, or in the sand used to make the mortar.
Or maybe they are attracted by something that’s beyond the wall.
If I knew a little less (or maybe a little more?) about parrots, I would say that maybe it’s not the wall, the bricks or the mortar: it’s the place that attracts them. Maybe it has some historical or religious significance for them…
燒制的磚不是粘土的好來源。如果鸚鵡只覆蓋了建筑物的一個區(qū)域，這意味著那里的磚塊是不同的。也許是一批沒有嚴格燒制的，這也可能意味著大樓不安全?；蛘啕W鵡喜歡的某種氣味轉(zhuǎn)移到了那堆磚上：我能想象出幾十種可能發(fā)生的情況。
也許這和磚沒有關(guān)系：也許那個地區(qū)的砂漿是不同的。也許水里，或者用來制造砂漿的沙子里有什么東西。
或者他們被墻外的東西吸引了。
如果我對鸚鵡了解得少一點(或者多一點?)，我會說，也許不是墻、磚或砂漿吸引了它們，而是這個地方。也許它對他們有一些歷史或宗教意義
The leading argument is that parrots nibble on clay, dirt, and dead standing palm trees in swamps for minerals, with a focus on salt. If the mortar has minerals such as salt, calcium, etc, then the building is sort of their supplement pill.
最主要的觀點是，鸚鵡啃泥土、泥土和沼澤中枯死的棕櫚樹以獲取礦物質(zhì)，重點是鹽。如果砂漿中含有鹽、鈣等礦物質(zhì)，那么建筑就是他們的補充藥丸。
Amazon parrots shown in Life On Earth start their days by flying to a nearby clay hill. They eat bits of clay to immunize themselves from toxins in food they eat.
A brick face apartment house on my block has a few bricks that I initially thought were ‘worn out.’ Then I saw a house sparrow scraping at those bricks with its beak. I put 2 and 2 together.
《地球上的生命》中展示的亞馬遜鸚鵡會飛到附近的一座粘土山上開始它們的一天。他們吃一些粘土來免疫他們所吃的食物中的毒素。
我所在街區(qū)的一棟磚面公寓里有幾塊磚，我一開始以為是“老壞的”?！叭缓笪铱吹揭恢患衣槿赣盟淖煸诠文切┐u。我把兩件事放在一起。
I'm not a believer in the toxins hypothesis. The parrots eat specific bands out of the clay face, which are higher in sodium when you analyze then.
我不相信毒素假說。鸚鵡吃粘土表面的特定區(qū)帶，當你分析時，這些區(qū)帶的鈉含量更高。
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That doesn't mean that their habitat is endangered or destroyed.
They might, just like other animals that have learnt to take adventage of humans like racoons, have found that the mortar or/and bricks are an easier and even more useful source of the resource they are seeking than natural sources in their habitats.
這并不意味著它們的棲息地處于危險之中或被破壞。
它們可能就像其他已經(jīng)學會利用人類的動物（比如浣熊）一樣，發(fā)現(xiàn)砂漿或磚塊比它們棲息地的自然資源更容易獲取，甚至更有用。
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looking at these birds, I imagine there would have been a huge tree instead of the building which was home for these parrots.
They might be sitting there and fooling themselves thinking this cement, brick and pollution is their home now.
看著這些鳥，我想那里會有一棵大樹，而不是建筑物作為這些鸚鵡的家。
他們可能坐在那里自欺欺人地認為這個水泥、磚和污染就是他們現(xiàn)在的家。
That is pretty cool though . Development of building supporting parrots
不過這很酷。建筑配套鸚鵡的發(fā)展
“How did your building collapse?” “Parrots licked it over a long period of time”
“你的大樓是怎么倒塌的？”“鸚鵡舔了很長一段時間”
The urban homeless birds.
城市里無家可歸的鳥兒。
Are they junkies too…..?
他們也是癮君子嗎.....?