UNITED NATIONS (AP) — The United Nations chief urged the immediate deployment of an international armed force in Haiti to stem escalating gang violence and the country’s worst human rights crisis in decades, warning in a new report that insecurity in the capital “has reached levels comparable to countries in armed conflict.”

聯(lián)合國(guó)（美聯(lián)社）--聯(lián)合國(guó)負(fù)責(zé)人敦促立即在海地部署一支國(guó)際武裝部隊(duì)，以阻止不斷升級(jí)的幫派暴力和該國(guó)幾十年來(lái)最嚴(yán)重的人權(quán)危機(jī)，他在一份新報(bào)告中警告說(shuō)，首都的不安全狀況 "已達(dá)到可與武裝沖突中的國(guó)家相媲美的水平"。

Secretary-General Antonio Guterres issued an urgent appeal for a specialized armed force to stop the crisis in Latin America’s poorest country last October at the request of Prime Minister Ariel Henry and the country’s Council of Ministers.

秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)安東尼奧-古特雷斯去年10月應(yīng)總理阿里爾-亨利和該國(guó)部長(zhǎng)會(huì)議的要求，發(fā)出了緊急呼吁，要求建立一支專(zhuān)門(mén)的武裝部隊(duì)，以制止拉丁美洲最貧窮國(guó)家的危機(jī)。

But at a U.N. Security Council meeting in January neither the United States, which has been criticized for previous interventions in Haiti, nor Canada showed any interest in leading such a force, and there are no signs that opposition has changed. The international community has instead opted to impose sanctions and send military equipment and other resources.

但在1月份的聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)會(huì)議上，因以前在海地的干預(yù)行動(dòng)而受到批評(píng)的美國(guó)和加拿大都沒(méi)有對(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這樣一支部隊(duì)表現(xiàn)出任何興趣，而且沒(méi)有跡象表明反對(duì)意見(jiàn)已經(jīng)改變。國(guó)際社會(huì)反而選擇了實(shí)施制裁和發(fā)送軍事裝備和其他資源。

Guterres reiterated in a report to the Security Council circulated Monday that deploying an international force remains “crucial” to help Haitian authorities curb the violence and rights abuses, restore the rule of law, and create conditions for the holding of national elections. The council is scheduled to discuss the report on Wednesday.

古特雷斯在周一分發(fā)的一份提交給安理會(huì)的報(bào)告中重申，部署一支國(guó)際部隊(duì)對(duì)于幫助海地當(dāng)局遏制暴力和侵犯權(quán)利行為、恢復(fù)法治以及為舉行全國(guó)選舉創(chuàng)造條件仍然 "至關(guān)重要"。安理會(huì)定于星期三討論該報(bào)告。

Haiti’s beleaguered National Police Force is facing increasing attacks resulting in growing rates of officers abandoning their posts, absent, retiring and more recently applying to humanitarian parole programs in the United States, the secretary-general said. The programs are open to Haitians seeking safe haven due to conditions in the country.

秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)說(shuō)，陷入困境的海地國(guó)家警察部隊(duì)正面臨著越來(lái)越多的攻擊，導(dǎo)致越來(lái)越多的警察棄職、缺席、退休和最近申請(qǐng)美國(guó)的人道主義假釋計(jì)劃。這些計(jì)劃向因國(guó)內(nèi)狀況而尋求安全庇護(hù)的海地人開(kāi)放。

“Since the beginning of 2023, 22 police officers have been killed by gangs,” Guterres said. “These trends are expected to accelerate unless efforts are redoubled to urgently equip and train police, recruit new officers and improve working conditions to retain existing personnel.”
As of March 31, he said, the national police force stood at 14,772 officers but according to the police administration only about 13,200 personnel are available for active duties because of desertions, suspensions due to investigations, and other absences.

"自2023年初以來(lái)，已有22名警察被黑幫殺害，"古特雷斯說(shuō)。"除非加倍努力，緊急裝備和培訓(xùn)警察，招募新警察，并改善工作條件以留住現(xiàn)有人員，否則這些趨勢(shì)預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)加速。"
他說(shuō)，截至3月31日，國(guó)家警察部隊(duì)有14,772名警官，但根據(jù)警察管理部門(mén)的說(shuō)法，由于開(kāi)小差、因調(diào)查而停職以及其他原因，只有約13,200人可以執(zhí)行任務(wù)。

Since the assassination of President Jovenel Mo?se in July 2021, Haiti’s gangs have grown more powerful and violent. In December, the U.N. estimated that gangs controlled 60% of Haiti’s capital, but most people on the streets in Port-au-Prince say that number is closer to 100%.

自2021年7月總統(tǒng)約韋內(nèi)爾-莫伊塞（Jovenel Mo?se）被暗殺以來(lái)，海地的幫派變得更加強(qiáng)大和暴力。12月，聯(lián)合國(guó)估計(jì)黑幫控制了海地首都的60%，但太子港街頭的大多數(shù)人說(shuō)這個(gè)數(shù)字接近100%。

“Rough estimates by the national police indicate that there are currently seven major gang coalitions and approximately 200 affiliated groups,” Guterres said. “Gangs ambushed and attacked national police infrastructure, causing serious damage to several police facilities and burning others to the ground.”
Compounding the gang warfare is the country’s political crisis: Haiti was stripped of all democratically elected institutions when the terms of the remaining 10 senators expired in early January.

"國(guó)家警察的粗略估計(jì)表明，目前有七個(gè)主要幫派聯(lián)盟和大約200個(gè)附屬團(tuán)體，"古特雷斯說(shuō)。"幫派伏擊并襲擊了國(guó)家警察的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，對(duì)一些警察設(shè)施造成嚴(yán)重破壞，并將其他設(shè)施燒毀。"
使幫派戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)更加復(fù)雜的是該國(guó)的政治危機(jī)：當(dāng)剩余的10名參議員的任期在1月初結(jié)束時(shí)，海地被剝奪了所有民選機(jī)構(gòu)。

Secretary-General Guterres said in the report that Haiti is facing escalating kidnappings and violent crimes committed by gangs competing to expand territorial control throughout the capital Port-au-Prince. He said the violence has spread to previously unaffected neighborhoods and several municipalities in the Artibonite region, which is north of the West region where Port-au-Prince is located.

古特雷斯秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)在報(bào)告中說(shuō)，海地正面臨著不斷升級(jí)的綁架和暴力犯罪，這些犯罪團(tuán)伙競(jìng)相在整個(gè)首都太子港擴(kuò)大領(lǐng)土控制。他說(shuō)，暴力已經(jīng)蔓延到以前未受影響的街區(qū)和阿蒂博尼特地區(qū)的幾個(gè)城市，該地區(qū)位于太子港所在的西部地區(qū)北部。
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He said that during the first quarter of 2023 reported homicides rose by 21% to 815 cases from 673 during the last quarter of 2022 while kidnappings increased by 63% to 637 during the same period from 391 in the last three months of 2022.
“The human rights situation of those living in gang-controlled areas remains appallingly poor,” he said, pointing to killings, attacks, sexual violence and snipers on rooftops frequently firing at people in their homes and on the streets. In their pursuit of more territory, he said, gangs also continued to use rape and other forms of sexual violence “to instill fear and assert control over communities” with women and girls disproportionately affected.

他說(shuō)，在2023年第一季度，報(bào)告的兇殺案從2022年最后一個(gè)季度的673起上升到815起，而同期的綁架案從2022年最后三個(gè)月的391起上升到637起，上升了63%。
他說(shuō)："生活在幫派控制區(qū)的人的人權(quán)狀況仍然糟糕得令人震驚。"他指出，殺人、襲擊、性暴力和屋頂上的狙擊手經(jīng)常向家中和街道上的人開(kāi)槍射擊。他說(shuō)，在追求更多領(lǐng)土的過(guò)程中，幫派還繼續(xù)使用強(qiáng)奸和其他形式的性暴力，"以灌輸恐懼并對(duì)社區(qū)進(jìn)行控制"，婦女和女孩受到的影響尤其大。

Calling the socio-economic outlook for Haiti “dire,” Guterres cited a World Bank forecast that the economy is expected to contract for the fifth year by 1.1% in 2022-2023. He also warned that food insecurity is at “an all-time high” with 4.9 million Haitians in serious and critical states of malnutrition, “which is four times more than in 2017.”
On the political front, the secretary-general said action to address gang violence must be accompanied by concrete steps to resolve the political crisis.

古特雷斯稱(chēng)海地的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)前景是 "可怕的"，他引用了世界銀行的預(yù)測(cè)，預(yù)計(jì)2022-2023年海地經(jīng)濟(jì)將連續(xù)第五年收縮1.1%。他還警告說(shuō)，糧食不安全處于 "歷史最高水平"，有490萬(wàn)海地人處于嚴(yán)重和危急的營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良狀態(tài)，"這比2017年多四倍"。
在政治方面，秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)說(shuō)，在采取行動(dòng)解決幫派暴力問(wèn)題的同時(shí)，必須采取具體步驟解決政治危機(jī)。

He expressed hope that the three-member High Transitional Council installed in February “will help to generate the consensus required to find a way out of the political crisis” though his report cites calls for broadening efforts to reach agreement on a road map to elections.

他表示，希望2月份成立的三人高級(jí)過(guò)渡委員會(huì) "將有助于產(chǎn)生必要的共識(shí)，以找到擺脫政治危機(jī)的辦法"，盡管他的報(bào)告中提到，呼吁擴(kuò)大努力，就選舉路線圖達(dá)成協(xié)議。