為什么土耳其和希臘之間的關(guān)系如此緊張？

Kadri Aygen
I have been living in the Tri-State area, USA since 1995. Prior to that, I have lived in Izmir, previously known as Smyrna to the Greeks. Both of my parents are from ?stanbul, previously known as Constantinople to Greeks as well. Both of my grandfathers, my dad and my uncle are previous officers to the Turkish Army and Navy. Both grandfathers fought against Greeks during the Asia Minor Catastrophe, as it is known to Greeks. Some of my ancestors were victims of atrocities in Balkans at the war of 1877. They had to endure the difficulties of being refugees, replacing their peaceful farm lives in the Balkans. Yet, there was no hatred instilled in us as the next generations as we grew up by our elders.

我自1995年起就一直住在美國(guó)的三州地區(qū)。之前，我曾住在伊茲密爾，那是希臘人所稱的斯密爾納。我的父母都來自伊斯坦布爾，那也是希臘人所稱的君士坦丁堡。我的兩位祖父、父親和叔叔都是土耳其陸軍和海軍的前軍官。我的兩位祖父曾在亞細(xì)亞大災(zāi)難期間與希臘人作戰(zhàn)。我的一些祖先在1877年的巴爾干戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中受到了暴行的侵害。他們不得不承受難民的痛苦生活，離開了在巴爾干地區(qū)的平靜農(nóng)村生活。然而，我們的前輩并沒有給我們灌輸仇恨情緒。

My grand dad lived to his 100. He was the commanding cavalry officer of a small outfit, which had stoped the train, that carried General Tricupis and his HQ staff to Ankara after the defeat and secured him and his fellow officers from a potential public unrest upon entering Ankara. They have quietly accomodated them as prisoners of war as they should have been treated. An anecdote from him was that he had to ask for the silverware taken from the train by the POW officers. They have apologetically returned those, saying that “They were not sure, how they would be received by their captors in the upcoming ordeal”. The story goes that Gen. Tricupis was very respectfully received by the commanders of his captors and he paid his respect to Ataturk until the end of his life. I heard this story from him directly as well as his attempts to provide better circumstances to the common soldiers as well, which have failed on occasion but more than his limits and caused him to resign from his position from his legal military career path. With all that being said, I grew up with no hostile talk against the Greeks.

我的祖父活到了100歲。他是一支小部隊(duì)的騎兵指揮官，這支小部隊(duì)攔住了火車，在戰(zhàn)敗后將特里庫(kù)皮斯將軍和他的總部工作人員運(yùn)到了安卡拉，并確保他和他的同僚在進(jìn)入安卡拉時(shí)不會(huì)發(fā)生潛在的公眾騷亂。他們悄悄地把他們當(dāng)作戰(zhàn)俘來安置，因?yàn)樗麄儽緫?yīng)受到這樣的待遇。他的一個(gè)軼事是，他不得不向戰(zhàn)俘軍官索要從火車上拿走的銀器。他們很抱歉地歸還了那些東西，說 "他們不確定，在即將到來的磨難中，他們會(huì)被俘虜者如何對(duì)待"。據(jù)說特里庫(kù)皮斯將軍受到了俘虜?shù)闹笓]官們的尊敬，他對(duì)阿塔圖爾克表示尊敬，直到他生命的最后一刻。我直接從他那里聽到了這個(gè)故事，以及他試圖為普通士兵也提供更好的環(huán)境，這些嘗試偶爾也會(huì)失敗，但超過了他的極限，導(dǎo)致他從合法的軍事職業(yè)道路上辭去職務(wù)。說了這么多，我在成長(zhǎng)過程中沒有對(duì)希臘人的敵對(duì)言論。

Do not take that as naive romanticism. We have a beach house across from the Greek island of Samos since 1976. I was 8 back then, and there was this old man who had brought us figs on his old donkey. He was nice to us and would even let me ride his donkey during those trips. For reasons that I did not understand back then, my family was really nice and generous to him as well. One day, apparently overcoming my excitement of the opportunity to ride the donkey, I realized that he did not have ears. I, like a careless child would, asked him “Why?”. He told me that his ears were cut off by a Greek soldier, who wanted to ride him like a donkey, during the occupation upon his refusal to do so. Yet, there was no rage. He was done with it, blamed it to the war and circumstances. My parents gave him our living room furniture under the tearful protests of my younger brother.

請(qǐng)勿將這看作天真的浪漫主義。自1976年以來，我們?cè)谙ＥD薩莫斯島對(duì)面有一座海邊別墅。當(dāng)時(shí)我8歲，有一個(gè)老人騎著一頭老驢給我們帶來了無花果。他對(duì)我們很好，甚至讓我在旅行時(shí)騎驢。我的家人也對(duì)他非常好和慷慨。有一天，在我興奮地騎驢的機(jī)會(huì)之外，我意識(shí)到他沒有耳朵。像個(gè)粗心的孩子一樣，我問他為什么。他告訴我他的耳朵被一名希臘士兵割掉了，因?yàn)樗芙^讓士兵騎他，像驢子一樣。然而，他沒有任何憤怒。他已經(jīng)結(jié)束了，將其歸咎于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和環(huán)境。我的父母甚至在我年幼的弟弟的哭泣抗議聲中給他送去了我們的客廳家具。

Since then years passed, I grew older and my emotions mellowed down against the common Greek. A Greek friend in the US, originally from the island of Tilos, Greece invited me to a Greek party in Astoria, NY. He had cold feet on the way and told me “I understand your pride of ethnicity, since we are as proud as well, but please don’t volunteer to disclose who you are when we arrive, if that’s ok.” I have kept quiet all that night. Then I have invited him to a Turkish party in Manhattan, disclosed that he was Greek he had a star reception. Since those days, I have been to Greece three times with great experiences. I thought that the Greek diaspora was more polarized than the Islanders.

自那以后，歲月流逝，我的情感對(duì)普通希臘人的情感變得平靜。一個(gè)在美國(guó)的希臘朋友，來自希臘的提洛斯島，邀請(qǐng)我參加阿斯托里亞的希臘派對(duì)。他一路上感到緊張，告訴我：“我理解你對(duì)族裔的自豪感，因?yàn)槲覀円餐瑯幼院溃绻梢缘脑?，?qǐng)不要主動(dòng)透露你是誰?！蹦峭砦乙恢北３殖聊Ｈ缓笪已?qǐng)他參加了在曼哈頓舉行的土耳其派對(duì)，透露他是希臘人，他得到了熱烈的接待。自那以后，我已經(jīng)去過希臘三次，擁有很棒的經(jīng)歷。我想，希臘僑民比島民更加兩極分化。

Some of my favorite restaurants in NJ are Greek these days and it is common occurrence that we drink together with the owner and hug before we leave. Some will refuse to serve me what I pick and volunteer to replace it with what is fresher. They have invited me to their homes in Greece. I have patients of Cypriot Greek Ancestry who will call me on my birthday. One, once told me that, his uncle was taken by the British and a Turkish neighbor was brought in to scare him with torture. The Turk refused it and that was their reason to not hate. Some of them are adults now and yet will come to my house for a heart to heart when they need an advice unbiased by the burden of parenthood.

最近我在新澤西州最喜歡的一些餐館是希臘餐館，我們和老板一起喝酒，離開前擁抱是常有的事。有些人會(huì)拒絕為我提供我挑選的東西，并主動(dòng)用更新鮮的東西來代替。他們?cè)?qǐng)我去他們?cè)谙ＥD的家。我有一些具有塞浦路斯希臘血統(tǒng)的病人，他們會(huì)在我的生日時(shí)給我打電話。有一個(gè)人，曾經(jīng)告訴我，他的叔叔被英國(guó)人帶走了，一個(gè)土耳其鄰居被帶去用酷刑嚇唬他。那個(gè)土耳其人拒絕了，這就是他們不恨的理由。他們中的一些人現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成年了，但當(dāng)他們需要一個(gè)不受父母負(fù)擔(dān)影響的建議時(shí)，他們會(huì)到我家來談心。

I am sure that there was an evil Turk once somewhere who had cut a Greek’s ear as well. The examples may be multiplied, but I am keeping it simple for the sake of the conversation. Hell with their existence and memories. We are better than that. We can’t afford to be enemies when we have so much in common. Even if it was only for the sake of the baklava and the coffee, disregarding who owned it first :-) it is ridiculous. We Turks have a saying, “A cup of coffee shared, grants a forty years of friendship”. I, on my own accord, refuse to be enemies of people based on past mistakes, hence the Greek, simply bacause of being Greek, can not be my enemy.

我相信在某個(gè)地方曾經(jīng)有一個(gè)邪惡的土耳其人，他也曾割過一個(gè)希臘人的耳朵。這樣的例子可能會(huì)有很多，但為了談話的目的，我保持簡(jiǎn)單。讓他們的存在和記憶見鬼去吧。我們比這更好。當(dāng)我們有如此多的共同點(diǎn)時(shí)，我們不能成為敵人。即使只是為了面包圈和咖啡，不考慮誰先擁有它:-)這也是荒謬的。我們土耳其人有一句話："共享一杯咖啡，授予四十年的友誼"。我自己拒絕因過去的錯(cuò)誤而與人為敵，因此希臘人，僅僅因?yàn)槭窍ＥD人，就不能成為我的敵人。

Miltos Antoniades
As states, yes we are - perhaps not enemies but rivals for sure. We compete for the same real estate, resources, privileges.
Both countries have our own issues. We struggle with our identities (hey, it’s the Balkans) :
The Greeks have this persistant “we gave the world democracy” issue that comes up every time someone outdoes us. We are Europeans, part of the EU, NATO and western civilization. But wait, we are also Orthodox brethren of the Serbs and Russians, or well that is where our heart trully lingers. We speak the language so probably we’re decended from Leonidas and Alexander the Great. But we also consider ourselves decendants of the Byzantine Romans, or so the church tells us. Only problem is those Romans had conquered and annihilated the Leonidases and Alexanders. And didn’t call or consider themselves “Greek”. Go figure.

正如你所說，我們也許不是敵人，但肯定是對(duì)手。我們爭(zhēng)奪同樣的土地、資源和特權(quán)。兩個(gè)國(guó)家都有自己的難題。我們?cè)谏矸菡J(rèn)同上陷入了困境。（嘿，這是巴爾干地區(qū)）：希臘人一直有著“我們給了世界民主”的問題，每當(dāng)有人超越我們的時(shí)候就會(huì)突然冒出來。我們是歐洲人，是歐盟、北約和西方文明的一部分。但等等，我們還是塞爾維亞和俄羅斯的東正教兄弟，或者，這才是我們真正留戀的地方。我們會(huì)說這種語言，所以很可能我們是來自倫巴第王國(guó)和亞歷山大大帝的后裔。但我們也認(rèn)為自己是拜占庭羅馬人的后裔，教會(huì)告訴我們的。唯一的問題是，這些羅馬人征服和消滅了倫巴第人和亞歷山大人。他們既不叫自己“希臘人”，也不認(rèn)為自己是。真是令人費(fèi)解。

The Turks similarly have these “l(fā)ost the empire” issues. Which can give them illusions of grandeur and also confuse them about their own identity: They’re Ottoman, but also Turkic in the greater sense of the word. They’re proud of their conquering ancestors so they should look Altaic, but actually they look more like the peoples those nomads had conquered. They’re secular but also Islamic, as long as the other guy is not a Kurd. Then they’re just secular, not islamic. Or something along those lines.
All this confusion doesn’t help.

土耳其人同樣面臨著“失去帝國(guó)”的問題。這可能會(huì)讓他們產(chǎn)生一些虛幻的自大想法，也可能令他們對(duì)自己的身份感到困惑：他們是奧斯曼人，但在更廣義的意義上也是突厥人。他們以他們征服的祖先為榮，所以他們應(yīng)該看起來像突厥人，但實(shí)際上他們更像那些游牧民族所征服的人民。他們是世俗的，但也是伊斯蘭教徒，只要對(duì)方不是庫(kù)爾德人。那么他們只是世俗的，而不是伊斯蘭教徒?？傊?，這種混淆不會(huì)有所幫助。

As individual people, it’s complicated. It’s a love-hate relationship.
I can speak for the Greek side. In my family one grandfather came from Smyrni, the orher from Constantinople. Both were forced to leave their homes at a very young age, were orphaned, traumatized. The trauma and the life-long longing for the lost fatherland is passed on to the next generations. My parents never advised me to hate or even be wary of Turks. But the family stories are there, you hear them as a child, they are imprinted in you.Then I went to the US to study. That was an eye-opening experience as I had the opportunity to meet the other side, interact, observe, form an opinion of my own rather than stick to what was passed on to me.

作為個(gè)體，雙方之間的關(guān)系是復(fù)雜的。我可以代表希臘方面說。我家有一個(gè)祖父來自士麥那，另一個(gè)來自君士坦丁堡。他們倆在很小的時(shí)候被迫離開自己的家，成為孤兒，遭受了創(chuàng)傷。這種創(chuàng)傷和對(duì)失去的祖國(guó)的終生渴望被傳給了下一代。我的父母從未建議我憎恨或?qū)ν炼淙吮в薪湫摹５@些家族故事已經(jīng)存在，你在孩提時(shí)聽到它們，它們已經(jīng)印在你的心里了。然后我去美國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)。那是一個(gè)開闊眼界的經(jīng)歷，我有機(jī)會(huì)見到另一面，互動(dòng)交流，觀察，形成自己的看法，而不是堅(jiān)持家族傳統(tǒng)。

We have similarities - and not a few. Instead of blabbing on and on about them I will only mention one thing: Of the multitude of cultures & nationalities I experienced from all over the world, only two did I see having their mothers fly in to “settle” their precious offsprings in a new house/dorm - arrange the closets, linen, laundry routines, kitchenware, all that. One was the Greeks. The orher - you guessed it - the Turks.
I hooked up with a Turkish girldfriend in the US and enjoyed that relationship a lot. She came to Greece, even met my parents. Later I traveled to Istanbul and worked with Turks and found it easier in some ways than working with other Europeans.
Our differences? Religion is definitely the most important. The rest are trivial.

我們有很多相似之處。不必在這里不停地說，我只想提到一件事：在我經(jīng)歷過來自世界各地的許多文化和民族之后，只有兩個(gè)文化中我看到母親飛來“安頓”她們珍愛的子女在新房子/宿舍內(nèi)-包括收拾衣櫥、床單、洗衣日程、廚具等等。其中一個(gè)是希臘人，另一個(gè)你肯定猜到了——土耳其人。
我在美國(guó)和土耳其女朋友交往過，非常享受那段關(guān)系。她來到希臘，甚至見了我的父母。后來我去了伊斯坦布爾并與土耳其人一起工作，發(fā)現(xiàn)在某些方面比與其他歐洲人一起工作更容易。
我們的差異？宗教顯然是最重要的。其他的都不太重要。

Dimitris Pachoglou
I am a 34 y.o male Greek born and raised, my last name ends in -oglou which is Turkish origin due to my family being originated from Smirni, and my mother’s family is originated from Trapezounta, aka (Pontos). My family from both father and mother were ripped of their homes from the Turks, easiest way for me to think is pure self righteous hate. I served in Greek army during ‘06 at “Green Gate” Greek - Turkish border pass in the Evros region, my post was not more than 2 meters from the Turkish post, I have nothing but love for the common Turks, I save my hatred for the fanatics ON BOTH SIDES History .. 400 years of occupation, destruction of Smirni, invasion of Cyprus… etc etc Past tense.. Ancient history. It’s like half of Asians hating Greeks because of what Alexander The Great did to them….Our bloodlines are so intermixed with one another that we are almost if not completely one and the same. We can’t hold grudges, we shouldn’t. Few people in the line of time have made some choices that affected millions, politicians or army leaders or kings or dictators. We can’t hold accountable a whole nation over the actions of the few.
-We are all children of this earth by birth, and we can all be equals under the sun by choice.

我是一個(gè)34歲的希臘男性，在希臘出生長(zhǎng)大，我的姓氏以“-oglou”結(jié)尾，這是土耳其起源的，因?yàn)槲业募易迤鹪从谒姑軤柲?，我母親的家族起源于特拉比松（也被稱為波頓海角）。我的父親和母親的家族都被土耳其人趕出家園，所以我很容易想到的就是自以為是的仇恨。我在2006年在埃夫羅斯地區(qū)擔(dān)任希臘軍隊(duì)“綠門”希臘-土耳其邊境口岸的崗位，我的崗位離土耳其崗位不超過2米，我對(duì)普通土耳其人毫無仇恨，我為雙方的極端主義者保留了仇恨。歷史...400年的占領(lǐng)，斯密爾尼的破壞，對(duì)塞浦路斯的侵略......等等過去的事情。這就像是半個(gè)亞洲人因?yàn)閬啔v山大大帝對(duì)他們的行為而憎恨希臘人一樣...我們的血統(tǒng)相互交織，我們幾乎或完全是同一種族。我們不能保持仇恨，我們不應(yīng)該。在時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)河中，只有少數(shù)人做出了影響數(shù)百萬人的選擇，這些人是政治家、軍隊(duì)領(lǐng)袖、國(guó)王或獨(dú)裁者。我們不能因個(gè)別人的行為而追究整個(gè)國(guó)家的責(zé)任。-我們都是地球的兒女，我們可以通過選擇在陽光下平等相處。

Max Soze
Ι met a greek friend once who was working in Germany for many years around 1980 till 2000, all those years he told me that he could best communicate and have the most honest friendship with Turkish people. One time while we were drinking coffee he told me something that i still think about it and even wrote it down to not forget. Some Arabs in Germany were calling the Greeks and the Turks “Hass Brüder” hate brothers or αδ?ρφια του μ?σου? in Greek. For some reason that brought me sadness because in the end we are here only for a small moment in this earthly life and it is so stupid to spend energy on hating others forever. Well that was my story that I wanted to share in this answer and no I don't believe we are enemies but the politicians and ultra nationalist from both countries, well that's another story.

我曾經(jīng)遇到一個(gè)希臘朋友，在德國(guó)工作了很多年，大約從1980年到2000年左右。在那些年里，他告訴我他能與土耳其人最好的交流，并且與他們能建立最誠(chéng)實(shí)的友誼。有一次我們一起喝咖啡時(shí)，他告訴我一件事，我至今還在思考，甚至把它寫下來以免忘記。在德國(guó)，一些阿拉伯人稱呼希臘人和土耳其人為“Hass Brüder”（仇恨兄弟）或者在希臘語里意為“αδ?ρφια του μ?σου?”。出于某種原因，那使我感到悲傷，因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)谶@個(gè)地球生命中只有短暫的時(shí)間，把精力浪費(fèi)在永遠(yuǎn)仇恨別人是如此愚蠢。那就是我想在這個(gè)回答中分享的故事，我不認(rèn)為我們是敵人，但是來自兩國(guó)的政客和極端民族主義者，那又是另一回事了。

Hüsna
Politically yes probably, but from the peoples side ? Nooo
I can tell you my opinion :
I am a turk who was born and raised in Germany. In my family, grudges against Greece were never a topic (only sometimes my grandpa mentioned some little bad things about greek history). The reason for this might be that my moms side comes from the black sea reagion (north of turkey). Muslim and christian Greeks and muslim and christian turks used to live there together until there was a forced population exchange in the 1920s and the christians got moved to Greece. So my culture is very very similar to the pontus greek one and i love it.
Especially as someone who lives in a foreign country, seeing greeks with their cultural practices reminds me of home (the black sea region in northern Turkey)
I love and respect every greek who even has the smallest respect towards me

政治上是的，可能有這樣的情況，但從人民的角度來看，絕對(duì)不是這樣的。
我可以告訴你我的看法：
我是在德國(guó)出生和長(zhǎng)大的土耳其人。在我家里，從來沒有談到過對(duì)希臘的仇恨（只有我爺爺偶爾會(huì)談到一些關(guān)于希臘歷史的小不好的事情）。這可能是因?yàn)槲夷赣H的家族來自黑海地區(qū)（土耳其北部）。穆斯林和基督教希臘人以及穆斯林和基督教土耳其人曾經(jīng)在那里一起生活，直到20世紀(jì)20年代強(qiáng)制人口交換，基督徒被迫搬到希臘。因此，我的文化與本都 地區(qū)希臘人的非常相似，我很喜歡。
作為一個(gè)生活在外國(guó)的人，看到希臘人的文化習(xí)慣讓我想起了家鄉(xiāng)（土耳其北部的黑海地區(qū)）。我尊重每一個(gè)尊重我的希臘人。

Hasan O?uzhan Demir
I am a Turk and clearly I hate Greeks because of various reasons.
To begin with, they use mathematical notations as their alphabet which is totally unacceptable. They need to pay homage to mathematicians for this copyright violation.
Secondly, their songs are very beautiful and this is obviously a terrible thing. I can't remember how many religious and nationalistic people I caught on the hop while listening greek music. My mind went blank and I am mentally challenged now due to this oxymoronic behavior of Turks.
Another reason why I hate their guts could be they were great at philosophy and they invented democracy. We Turks love our dictators and tyrants. Our beloved tyrants have been tyrannizing us so nicely and godfearingly, what would we do without them. Freedom of speech sucks.
Enough said, my rationale could wear on. Unequivocally I loathe Greeks and next time I encounter with them, I will throw Plato's Republic to their faces. How dare they invent democracy?

作為一名土耳其人，由于各種原因，我非常討厭希臘人。
首先，他們使用數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)作為他們的字母表，這是完全不可接受的。他們需要向數(shù)學(xué)家致敬，以此來避免侵犯版權(quán)。
其次，他們的歌曲非常美麗，這顯然是一件可怕的事情。在聽希臘音樂時(shí)，我遇到了許多宗教和民族主義者。我的頭腦空白，我因土耳其人的這種自相矛盾的行為而感到精神受挫。
我討厭他們其他的原因可能是，他們?cè)谡軐W(xué)方面很出色，他們發(fā)明了民主制度。我們土耳其人喜歡我們的獨(dú)裁者和暴君。我們摯愛的暴君們一直以虔誠(chéng)敬畏的方式統(tǒng)治著我們，如果沒有他們我們?cè)撛趺崔k呢？言論自由很糟糕。
話說得夠多了，我的理性可能會(huì)被消磨殆盡。毫無疑問，我非常憎惡希臘人，下次我遇到他們，我要用柏拉圖的《理想國(guó)》砸他們的臉。他們竟然敢發(fā)明民主制度，太過分了。

Yiannis Papadopoulos
We have been competing for the same lebensraum for… like 1000 years. Just to give you a perspective, 1000 years ago people didn’t even know that America (the continent, not the country) even existed. People believed the earth is flat. Not just crazy people. Normal people, even philosophers and scientists. Those educated folk also believed that God/Allah was not only the Creator but the one who overlooked all our lives.
So since that time Greeks and Turks fought. They fought during the fall of the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire. They fought during the fall of the Ottoman Empire. They fought in the 20th century because some assholes (no I’m not editing this) thought that they could well keep on doing their nationalist crimes and the murder of civilians forever.
So are we enemies? No.
We are adversaries. We are neighbours. We share so many things, culturally.
But.. At some point we need to recognise one very simple fact:
Our adversary status is being continuously exploited by the major powers of the era. The British, the Italians, the US, the USSR, the Russians. They are playing… they are toying with us. Not the people mind you! The governments. Those with power!
As soon as we come to understand that then perhaps we’ll discover that even the reasons for us being adversaries are not real.

我們已經(jīng)為同一個(gè)地方競(jìng)爭(zhēng)了......大約1000年。只是為了給你一個(gè)視角，1000年前人們甚至不知道美洲（大陸，不是國(guó)家）的存在。人們相信地球是平的。不僅僅是瘋狂的人。正常人，甚至是哲學(xué)家和科學(xué)家。那些受過教育的人還相信，上帝/阿拉不僅是造物主，而且是俯瞰我們所有生命的人。
所以從那時(shí)起，希臘人和土耳其人就打起來了。他們?cè)诎菡纪ィ|羅馬）帝國(guó)滅亡的時(shí)候打了起來。他們?cè)趭W斯曼帝國(guó)的衰落中打了起來。他們?cè)?0世紀(jì)打了起來，因?yàn)橐恍┗斓罢J(rèn)為他們可以很好地繼續(xù)做他們的民族主義罪行和對(duì)平民的謀殺，直到永遠(yuǎn)。
那么我們是敵人嗎？不是。
我們是對(duì)手。我們是鄰居。我們?cè)谖幕嫌泻芏喙餐c(diǎn)。
但是......在某些方面，我們需要認(rèn)識(shí)到一個(gè)非常簡(jiǎn)單的事實(shí)：
我們的對(duì)手地位正被這個(gè)時(shí)代的大國(guó)不斷利用。英國(guó)人、意大利人、美國(guó)人、蘇聯(lián)人、俄羅斯人。他們?cè)谕媾?.....他們?cè)谕媾覀儭Ｗ⒁?，不是人民！是政府！是政府。那些有?quán)力的人!
一旦我們理解了這一點(diǎn)，那么也許我們就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使是我們成為對(duì)手的原因也不是真的。

Bülent ?zg?nenel
This is not a question I like at all, and similar questions on Quora (“ Do Turks hate Greeks?” “Do Greeks hate Turks?” “ When will Greece and Turkey fight again?” etc) make me sick. Greeks and Turks should concentrate on developing their friendship and brotherhood. (and yes, Greeks and Turks are not only friends but also brother nations) We can consolidate this friendship and brotherhood between our nations by following these rules:
1-
Focus on shared culture, such as cuisine, music, dances, traditions etc. I love it when I hear the Greek version of a song that I had learned in Turkish as a child. I love it when I taste a Greek delicacy that is similar to those we make.

我非常不喜歡這樣的問題，Quora 上類似的問題（“土耳其人憎恨希臘人嗎？”“希臘人憎恨土耳其人嗎？”“希臘和土耳其什么時(shí)候會(huì)再次開戰(zhàn)？”等等）讓我感到惡心。希臘人和土耳其人應(yīng)該把精力集中在發(fā)展友誼和兄弟關(guān)系上。（而且是的，希臘人和土耳其人不僅是朋友，而且是兄弟民族）。我們可以通過遵循以下規(guī)則來鞏固我們兩國(guó)之間的友誼和兄弟關(guān)系：
1、關(guān)注共同的文化，如美食、音樂、舞蹈、傳統(tǒng)等。當(dāng)我聽到我從小學(xué)土耳其語的一首歌的希臘版本時(shí)，我很喜歡。當(dāng)我嘗到類似于我們制作的食品的希臘美食時(shí)，我也很喜歡。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處

2-
Learn each other’s language. Greeks should strive to learn Turkish, and Turks should strive to learn Greek. I have been learning Greek for three years now, and I love this language. Learning Greek helped me understand the perspective of the Greeks better. The fact that our languages also share so much of vocabulary and idioms is fascinating. Did you know that the Turkish idiom “Tencere yuvarlanm?? kapa??n? bulmu?” has the exact Greek counterpart “κ?λησε ο τ?ντζερη? και βρ?κε το καπ?κι” ? (The pot rolled and found its lid, said of two people, either couples or friend, who are very similar in their peculiar personality traits)
If learning languages is not your thing, at least make an effort to read the translated literature and poetry. Read Naz?m Hikmet in Greek, and Kavafis in Turkish.

學(xué)習(xí)彼此的語言。希臘人應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)土耳其語，土耳其人應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)希臘語。我已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)希臘語三年了，我很喜歡這種語言。學(xué)習(xí)希臘語幫助我更好地理解希臘人的觀點(diǎn)。我們的語言也共享很多詞匯和習(xí)語，這很有趣。你知道嗎，土耳其的習(xí)語“Tencere yuvarlanm?? kapa??n? bulmu?”與希臘的完全對(duì)應(yīng)“κ?λησε ο
τ?ντζερη? και βρ?κε το καπ?κι”嗎？（指兩個(gè)人，無論是情侶還是朋友，在他們獨(dú)特的個(gè)性特征方面非常相似）
如果學(xué)習(xí)語言不是你的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)，至少努力閱讀翻譯后的文學(xué)和詩(shī)歌。用希臘語閱讀納齊姆·?？嗣诽兀∟az?m Hikmet），用土耳其語閱讀卡瓦菲斯（Kavafis）。

3-
Learn about each other’s religion. Although I am not a very religious person, I find the religious traditions of Greeks fascinating. Most Turks do not know about Christianity, and those who know a little from the movies etc usually know more about Western Christian traditions than those of our neighbors. Most Greeks are similarly ignorant about Islam. Even if you are not religious, make an effort to get to know about the belief systems and traditions of each other.

3- 了解彼此的宗教。雖然我不是一個(gè)非常虔誠(chéng)的信徒，但我認(rèn)為希臘人的宗教傳統(tǒng)非常迷人。大多數(shù)土耳其人不了解基督教，而那些從電影等中了解一些的人通常更了解西方基督教傳統(tǒng)而不是我們的鄰居。大多數(shù)希臘人對(duì)伊斯蘭教也一樣不了解。即使你不信教，也要努力了解彼此的信仰體系和傳統(tǒng)。

4-
Visit each other’s country, or be a host to visitors. You will not regret the wonderful friendship.
5-
Collaborate in science, arts, environment, this, that, everything! Why should it always be the Anglos who make the story of Troy into a movie? Why can’t Turks and Greeks collaborate and make a Troy movie together?

4- 相互訪問對(duì)方的國(guó)家，或者成為相互接待的主人。你不會(huì)后悔交到這位美好的朋友。
5- 在科學(xué)、藝術(shù)、環(huán)境等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行合作！為什么總是只有英國(guó)人把特洛伊的故事拍成電影？為什么土耳其人和希臘人不能合作，一起拍一部特洛伊電影呢？

6-
When approaching history and conflicts between Turks and Greeks (and in fact between any groups of people), try to approach the conflict like you would approach any civil conflict. Never ever approach any human conflict as a conflict between x and y, always consider it as a conflict between x1 and x2, meaning at the end of the day, both are x.
Avoid accusatory, insulting and dehumanizing comments.
Avoid the use of ‘you’ – none of us were born during Turkish - Greek conflict of 1919-1922, and most of us were either children or unborn during the Cyprus conflict.
Avoid the use of ‘but’. (But Turks did this, but Greeks did this etc....)
Remember that human history has been full of conflict, and these conflicts have shaped our present selves. What has happened has happened, and it’s time to move on.

6、在探討土耳其人和希臘人之間的歷史和沖突（實(shí)際上是任何族群之間的沖突）時(shí)，應(yīng)該像對(duì)待任何內(nèi)部沖突一樣來看待這個(gè)沖突。永遠(yuǎn)不要將任何人類沖突視為 x 和 y 之間的沖突，而要始終將其視為 x1 和 x2 之間的沖突，也就是說，兩者最終都是 x。避免使用指責(zé)性、侮辱性和貶低人性的言論。避免使用“你”這個(gè)詞——我們中沒有人是1919-1922年土耳其-希臘沖突期間出生的，絕大多數(shù)人在塞浦路斯沖突期間還是孩子或未出生的。避免使用“但是”。（但土耳其人做了這件事，但希臘人做了那件事等等）。記住，人類歷史充滿了沖突，這些沖突塑造了我們現(xiàn)在的自我。已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候向前看了。

7-
Revisit history to cherish shared friendship. Greeks and Turks have lived more years in peace than in conflict. How else could we have developed such a shared culture? Cherish your origins to build bridges, not to kindle stupid hate. If you are a Turk of Cretan origin, go visit Crete. If you are a Greek of Pontic origin, go visit Pontos. Connect to your past, don’t harbor any hate.
This is what we should do as common people to consolidate our friendship and brotherhood. Most of the time we have very little control over what our governments will do but if we push peace and friendship hard enough, we can make a change even there.

回顧歷史，珍惜共同的友誼。希臘人和土耳其人互相和平共處的時(shí)間比沖突的時(shí)間要長(zhǎng)。否則我們?cè)趺磿?huì)有這樣一個(gè)共同的文化呢？珍愛你的起源，建立橋梁，而不是煽動(dòng)愚蠢的仇恨。如果你是希臘克里特島出生的土耳其人，就去克里特島看看。如果你是波提亞出生的希臘人，就去波提亞看看。聯(lián)系你的過去，不要懷抱仇恨。作為普通人，這就是我們應(yīng)該做的，來鞏固我們的友誼和兄弟情誼。大多數(shù)時(shí)候，我們很少能控制我們的政府會(huì)做什么，但如果我們夠努力地推動(dòng)和平和友誼，我們甚至可以在那里做出改變。