印度自信回來(lái)了 - “種族主義”漫畫(huà)引發(fā)爭(zhēng)議幾周后，德國(guó)陷入衰退（二）
Weeks After Row Over "Racist" Cartoon, Germany Enters Recession | Vantage with Palki Sharma
譯文簡(jiǎn)介
德國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)最近陷入衰退。就在幾周前，德國(guó)《明鏡周刊》(Der Spiegel)的一幅漫畫(huà)登上了新聞?lì)^條。該雜志對(duì)印度的描述被許多人稱為種族主義者。
正文翻譯
Weeks After Row Over "Racist" Cartoon, Germany Enters Recession | Vantage with Palki Sharma
“種族主義”漫畫(huà)引發(fā)爭(zhēng)議幾周后，德國(guó)陷入衰退
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India has been portrayed as the aggressor, specifically focusing on the 1971 East Pakistan-Bangladesh conflict. While the events of that period are complex and multifaceted, it is important to acknowledge the arguments raised by critics regarding India's alleged aggression. Please note that I am presenting these arguments for the purpose of debate and not endorsing or validating any claims.
Military Intervention: In 1971, a bloody conflict ensued between East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) and West Pakistan, resulting in widespread violence and human rights abuses. India, during this period, provided support to the Mukti Bahini, a guerrilla force fighting for the independence of East Pakistan. Critics argue that India's extensive military and logistical support to the Mukti Bahini can be seen as an aggressive act, intervening in the internal affairs of a neighboring country.
印度被描繪成侵略者，特別關(guān)注1971年?yáng)|巴基斯坦-孟加拉國(guó)沖突。盡管這一時(shí)期的事件是復(fù)雜和多方面的，但重要的是要承認(rèn)批評(píng)者就印度所謂的侵略提出的論點(diǎn)。請(qǐng)注意，我提出這些論點(diǎn)是為了進(jìn)行辯論，而不是支持或證實(shí)任何主張。
軍事干預(yù)：1971年，東巴基斯坦（現(xiàn)在的孟加拉國(guó)）和西巴基斯坦之間發(fā)生了血腥沖突，導(dǎo)致了廣泛的暴力和侵犯人權(quán)行為。在此期間，印度向爭(zhēng)取東巴基斯坦獨(dú)立的游擊隊(duì)孟加拉自由戰(zhàn)士武裝(Mukti Bahini)提供了支持。批評(píng)人士認(rèn)為，印度向孟加拉自由戰(zhàn)士武裝(Mukti Bahini)提供廣泛的軍事和后勤支持可以被視為一種侵略行為，干涉鄰國(guó)的內(nèi)政。
Border Skirmishes: The 1971 conflict was not limited to East Pakistan but also saw clashes along the India-West Pakistan border. Critics argue that India's military actions, including airstrikes and ground operations, extended beyond supporting the liberation movement and escalated the conflict with West Pakistan. These actions have been interpreted by some as acts of aggression, further exacerbating tensions between the two nations.
Violation of International Law: Critics contend that India's military intervention in East Pakistan went against the principles of non-interference in the internal affairs of sovereign states as enshrined in international law. They argue that India's active involvement in the conflict, regardless of its motivations, set a precedent that undermined the concept of national sovereignty and territorial integrity.
吞并問(wèn)題：批評(píng)者提出的另一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是，印度對(duì)東巴基斯坦獨(dú)立的支持源于吞并或控制該地區(qū)的愿望。東巴基斯坦的戰(zhàn)略位置可以通往孟加拉灣，對(duì)印度來(lái)說(shuō)可能是一個(gè)誘人的戰(zhàn)利品。批評(píng)者認(rèn)為，印度在沖突期間的行動(dòng)是出于領(lǐng)土擴(kuò)張主義動(dòng)機(jī)，而不是出于對(duì)東巴基斯坦人民權(quán)利的純粹人道主義關(guān)切。
邊境沖突：1971年的沖突不僅限于東巴基斯坦，還發(fā)生在印度-西巴基斯坦邊境。批評(píng)人士認(rèn)為，印度的軍事行動(dòng)，包括空襲和地面行動(dòng)，超出了支持解放運(yùn)動(dòng)的范圍，還加劇了與西巴基斯坦的沖突。這些行動(dòng)被一些人解讀為侵略行為，進(jìn)一步加劇了兩國(guó)之間的緊張關(guān)系。
違反國(guó)際法：批評(píng)者認(rèn)為，印度對(duì)東巴基斯坦的軍事干預(yù)違反了國(guó)際法規(guī)定的不干涉主權(quán)國(guó)家內(nèi)政的原則。他們認(rèn)為，印度積極參與沖突，無(wú)論其動(dòng)機(jī)如何，都開(kāi)創(chuàng)了一個(gè)破壞國(guó)家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整概念的先例。
The 1965 Indo-Pak War: India's initiation of the 1965 conflict is often viewed as an act of aggression. The war erupted when Indian forces launched a pre-emptive strike on Pakistani territory, without a formal declaration of war. Indian military actions in the border region of Rann of Kutch and the subsequent infiltration into Pakistan-administered Kashmir suggest a proactive approach by India.
The Kargil Conflict (1999): The Kargil conflict is another instance where India has been criticized for its aggressive actions. Indian forces discovered Pakistani infiltrations in the Kargil region of Indian-administered Kashmir. While the conflict can be seen as a result of territorial disputes, critics argue that India's decision to launch airstrikes and military operations across the Line of Control (LoC) was an aggressive move, escalating the situation and risking wider conflict.
The Siachen Conflict: The Siachen conflict, which began in 1984, is often portrayed as India's unilateral aggression. Indian forces occupied the Siachen Glacier region in the disputed territory of Jammu and Kashmir, despite the lack of any agreed-upon demarcation in that area. Critics argue that India's military presence in Siachen was an aggressive act, leading to heightened tensions between the two countries.
印度所謂的侵略。
1965年印巴戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)：印度挑起的1965年沖突通常被視為侵略行為。當(dāng)印度軍隊(duì)在沒(méi)有正式宣戰(zhàn)的情況下對(duì)巴基斯坦領(lǐng)土發(fā)動(dòng)先發(fā)制人的打擊時(shí)，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)了。印度在庫(kù)奇蘭恩邊境地區(qū)的軍事行動(dòng)以及隨后對(duì)巴控克什米爾的滲透表明印度采取了積極主動(dòng)的做法。
卡吉爾沖突（1999年）：卡吉爾沖突是印度因其侵略行為而受到批評(píng)的另一個(gè)例子。印度軍隊(duì)在印控克什米爾的卡吉爾地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)了巴基斯坦的滲透。雖然這場(chǎng)沖突可以被視為領(lǐng)土爭(zhēng)端的結(jié)果，但批評(píng)人士認(rèn)為，印度決定在控制線（LoC）上空發(fā)動(dòng)空襲和軍事行動(dòng)是一個(gè)激進(jìn)的舉動(dòng)，使局勢(shì)升級(jí)，并有可能引發(fā)更廣泛的沖突。
錫亞琴?zèng)_突：始于1984年的錫亞琴?zèng)_突經(jīng)常被描述為印度的單方面侵略。印度軍隊(duì)占領(lǐng)了查謨和克什米爾爭(zhēng)議領(lǐng)土上的錫亞琛冰川地區(qū)，不過(guò)該地區(qū)沒(méi)有任何商定的劃界。批評(píng)者認(rèn)為，印度在錫亞琛的軍事存在是一種侵略行為，導(dǎo)致兩國(guó)之間的緊張局勢(shì)加劇。
Water Disputes: The sharing of river waters, particularly the Indus River system, has been a contentious issue between India and Pakistan. Critics argue that India's construction of dams and diversion projects, such as the Baglihar Dam and Kishanganga Hydroelectric Plant, without adequate consultation with Pakistan, can be seen as aggressive actions that impact Pakistan's water resources.
While these instances highlight allegations of India's aggression, it is important to approach this debate with an understanding that conflicts between nations are complex and multifaceted. Historical events must be examined from various perspectives, taking into account broader political, historical, and regional dynamics to form a comprehensive understanding.
India may have perceived acquiring Bangladesh as a way to strengthen its geopolitical position. The acquisition would have granted India control over vital waterways and access to the Bay of Bengal, enhancing its maritime influence.
普爾瓦馬危機(jī)（2019）：在普爾瓦馬襲擊事件發(fā)生后，，一個(gè)以巴基斯坦為基地的恐怖組織以印度安全部隊(duì)為目標(biāo)，印度在巴基斯坦境內(nèi)發(fā)動(dòng)了空襲。批評(píng)人士認(rèn)為，印度在沒(méi)有尋求外交渠道或用盡和平選擇的情況下進(jìn)行空襲的決定是一種侵略性舉動(dòng)，使局勢(shì)升級(jí)，并有可能引發(fā)更大的沖突。
水資源爭(zhēng)端：河流水資源的共享，特別是印度河水系，一直是印度和巴基斯坦之間一個(gè)有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題。批評(píng)人士認(rèn)為，印度在沒(méi)有與巴基斯坦充分協(xié)商的情況下建造大壩和引水項(xiàng)目，如巴格里哈爾(Baglihar)大壩和吉薩岡戈(Kishanganga水電站，可以被視為影響巴基斯坦水資源的侵略行動(dòng)。
雖然這些事件突出了對(duì)印度侵略的指控，但重要的是要理解國(guó)家之間的沖突是復(fù)雜和多方面的。必須從各種角度審視歷史事件，考慮到更廣泛的政治、歷史和地區(qū)動(dòng)態(tài)，以形成全面的理解。
印度可能認(rèn)為占領(lǐng)孟加拉國(guó)是加強(qiáng)其地緣政治地位的一種方式。占領(lǐng)它將使印度獲得重要水道的控制權(quán)，并進(jìn)入孟加拉灣，增強(qiáng)其海上影響力。
1971 Liberation War: The events surrounding the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War have been interpreted by some as evidence of India's interest in acquiring Bangladesh. India provided support to the Bangladesh Mukti Bahini (freedom fighters), and ultimately intervened militarily to assist in the liberation of Bangladesh from Pakistan. Critics argue that India's intervention may have been driven by motives beyond just humanitarian concerns, including the desire for territorial expansion.
Border Disputes: India and Bangladesh have experienced border disputes over the years. Critics contend that these disputes indicate India's ambition to assert control over parts of Bangladesh. Although these conflicts have primarily revolved around demarcation and security concerns, they have been used to support the argument that India has territorial ambitions.
Political Influence: India has undoubtedly exerted political influence over neighboring countries, including Bangladesh. Critics argue that this influence can be viewed as a stepping stone towards eventual acquisition. Economic aid, military cooperation, and diplomatic engagement have been cited as tools that India uses to maintain its influence and control over Bangladesh's affairs.
文化和語(yǔ)言聯(lián)系：印度希望獲得孟加拉國(guó)的支持者經(jīng)常強(qiáng)調(diào)西孟加拉邦(印度的一個(gè)邦)和孟加拉國(guó)在文化和語(yǔ)言上的相似之處。正如印度獨(dú)立運(yùn)動(dòng)期間所見(jiàn)證的那樣，共同的語(yǔ)言、孟加拉語(yǔ)和文化遺產(chǎn)可以被視為潛在融合的基礎(chǔ)。
1971年解放戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)：圍繞1971年孟加拉國(guó)解放戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的事件被一些人解讀為印度有意占領(lǐng)孟加拉國(guó)的證據(jù)。印度向孟加拉國(guó)自由戰(zhàn)士武裝（Mukti Bahini）提供了支持，并最終進(jìn)行了軍事干預(yù)，協(xié)助孟加拉國(guó)從巴基斯坦手中解放出來(lái)。批評(píng)者認(rèn)為，印度的干預(yù)可能是出于人道主義考慮之外的動(dòng)機(jī)，包括對(duì)領(lǐng)土擴(kuò)張的渴望。
邊界爭(zhēng)端：多年來(lái)，印度和孟加拉國(guó)經(jīng)歷了邊界爭(zhēng)端。批評(píng)者認(rèn)為，這些爭(zhēng)端表明印度有野心控制孟加拉國(guó)部分地區(qū)。盡管這些沖突主要圍繞著劃界和安全問(wèn)題，但它們被用來(lái)支持印度有領(lǐng)土野心的論點(diǎn)。
政治影響力：毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，印度對(duì)包括孟加拉國(guó)在內(nèi)的鄰國(guó)施加了政治影響力。批評(píng)者認(rèn)為，這種影響力可以被視為最終占領(lǐng)它的墊腳石。經(jīng)濟(jì)援助、軍事合作和外交接觸被認(rèn)為是印度用來(lái)維持其對(duì)孟加拉國(guó)事務(wù)的影響力和控制的工具。
Most of the world is cheering for India and want to see India succeed.
Let this century be India's.
Much love from Australia
世界上大多數(shù)國(guó)家都在為印度歡呼，希望看到印度成功。
讓這個(gè)世紀(jì)屬于印度。
來(lái)自澳大利亞的愛(ài)
It's hard to accept but in order for India to truly prosper is by trying to ease relations with both China and it would need stability in Pakistan
I think India and China withdrawing from the Himalayas was a good first step and both sides should study how China and Russia was able to solve their border issues back then. Cause right now we see that China and Russia working together benefits both countries more than being against one another. And I think that's applicable to India as well.
Pakistan is also improtant because yes there were multiple issues in the past. But Pakistan is still a major neighbor of India and instability there may cause instability in India.
這很難接受，但為了讓印度真正繁榮，它需要努力緩和與中國(guó)和巴基斯坦的關(guān)系
我認(rèn)為印度和中國(guó)從喜馬拉雅山撤軍是一個(gè)很好的第一步，雙方都應(yīng)該研究中國(guó)和俄羅斯當(dāng)時(shí)是如何解決邊境問(wèn)題的。因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在我們看到，中國(guó)和俄羅斯的合作而沒(méi)有彼此對(duì)立對(duì)兩國(guó)都有好處。我認(rèn)為這也適用于印度。
巴基斯坦也很重要，因?yàn)檫^(guò)去確實(shí)存在多個(gè)問(wèn)題。但巴基斯坦仍然是印度的主要鄰國(guó)，那里的不穩(wěn)定可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致印度的不穩(wěn)定。
India should be in the permanent UN security Council, to counter WESTERN
印度應(yīng)該成為聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)常任理事國(guó)，以對(duì)抗西方
@basook6116 the council is not ready to share power bro. It would take sometime, let India become the 3rd biggest nominal gdp by 2026-2027. India would be far stronger militarily and economically. Surely, India has to be in the council then.
聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)還沒(méi)準(zhǔn)備好分享權(quán)力，兄弟。這需要一些時(shí)間，讓印度在2026-2027年成為第三大名義GDP。印度將在軍事和經(jīng)濟(jì)上強(qiáng)大得多。當(dāng)然，印度必須加入安理會(huì)。
@KardoxPolis I wish well for India, and you made good point, 3rd biggest nominal gdp. many so called rich country don't use the term nominal gdp anymore. Japan, for example have small nominal gdp, even though in the WEST, Japan is very big economy, even it produces very little inside of Japan
我祝愿印度一切順利，您提到了一個(gè)很好的觀點(diǎn)，即印度是第三大名義國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的國(guó)家。許多所謂的富裕國(guó)家不再使用名義國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)。例如，日本名義國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值小，盡管日本國(guó)內(nèi)實(shí)際生產(chǎn)規(guī)模很少，但在西方世界被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)非常大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處
@basook6116 yea, India has many reasons to be at top. India has 109 unicorn companies with uation over billion dollars which is the 3rd highest in the world after USA and China while Japan has just 12 such companies. Japan is a big economy only for exports of certain things like electronics and motors whereas India is an overall economy with both agriculture, service sector and manufacturing sector contributing to the economy.
是的，印度有很多位居榜首的理由。印度有109家估值超過(guò)10億美元的獨(dú)角獸公司，排名世界第三，僅次于美國(guó)和中國(guó)，而日本只有12家這樣的公司。日本是一個(gè)大型經(jīng)濟(jì)體，只出口電子產(chǎn)品和電機(jī)等特定產(chǎn)品，而印度則是一個(gè)綜合性經(jīng)濟(jì)體，農(nóng)業(yè)、服務(wù)業(yè)和制造業(yè)都為經(jīng)濟(jì)做出了貢獻(xiàn)。
@KardoxPolis USA is mostly service sector, therefore it relies on printing money
美國(guó)主要是服務(wù)業(yè)，因此依賴印鈔
the work that India is doing to lift up her citizens will speak for itself. I personally believe that India has to pick and choose her battles. Trying to confront cartoons and magazine articles does not forbode well for India, making it look petty and trite. Keep doing the hard work and the world will look up to you! God bless!
說(shuō)的是，印度正在為提高國(guó)民生活水平所做的工作將會(huì)證明其自身價(jià)值。我個(gè)人認(rèn)為，印度必須有所取舍。試圖與漫畫(huà)和雜志文章對(duì)抗并不利于印度，這會(huì)讓它看起來(lái)瑣碎而無(wú)足輕重。繼續(xù)努力工作，世界將會(huì)尊敬你們！上帝保佑！
You are absolutely right. But people goes blind when nationalism reigns supreme.
你說(shuō)得很對(duì)。但當(dāng)民族主義至高無(wú)上時(shí)，人們往往會(huì)變得盲目。
as a Chinese, and also a manager of an Indian team, I think both China and India are the fastest locomotives pulling the world economy, Germany as a benefited country from our market has no position to laugh at neither of us. Also as a manager of a Chinese + Indian team, I fully trust people in these two countries can work very well together as it is proven in my company. There are a lot in common than differences.
作為一個(gè)中國(guó)人，同時(shí)也是一個(gè)印度團(tuán)隊(duì)的經(jīng)理，我認(rèn)為中國(guó)和印度都是拉動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)最快的火車(chē)頭，德國(guó)作為一個(gè)從我們的市場(chǎng)中受益的國(guó)家，沒(méi)有資格嘲笑我們兩個(gè)。作為中印團(tuán)隊(duì)的經(jīng)理，我完全相信這兩個(gè)國(guó)家的人可以很好地合作，這在我的公司得到了證明。兩者的共同點(diǎn)多于不同點(diǎn)。
We share the same culture. Taoism is Hinduism. Lao Tzu is shiva. We share the same ancient wisdom.
我們擁有相同的文化。道教就是印度教，老子是濕婆。我們擁有同樣的古老智慧。
We are two oldest neighbouring civilizations after all.
我們畢竟是兩個(gè)相鄰的最古老的文明。
@abhishekpas exactly, by looking at history, 99% time Between India and China are positive and only 1% of time is negative , I believe modern time is no exception, things will normalize soon.
沒(méi)錯(cuò)，從歷史上看，印度和中國(guó)之間（關(guān)系）99%的時(shí)間是樂(lè)觀的，只有1%的時(shí)間是消極的，我相信現(xiàn)代也不例外，事情很快就會(huì)正常化。
@keerthi3086 yes, and we shared a lot through the thousands of years
是的，幾千年來(lái)我們分享了很多東西
People have to do it... Government is for people not other way around. All the best ??
人們不得不這么做，政府是為人民服務(wù)的，而不是相反，愿一切順利。
We share a common past with China, we both were cheated, looted, plundered, rediculed and insulted by the west. One century for China, 3 centuries for India...
我們和中國(guó)有著共同的過(guò)去，我們都被西方欺騙、搶劫、掠奪、嘲笑和侮辱，中國(guó)經(jīng)歷一個(gè)世紀(jì)的時(shí)間，印度是經(jīng)歷了三個(gè)世紀(jì)。
The Chinese com...st Party always does aggression in the Indo China Border !! So , even if there is no difference but also there are no similarities !!
India is a Democracy and China is an autocracy !! So India will never start a war but China can !! Because C has all power in his hand but in India people have that power and can overthrow gov any time if they start a war without any reason
中國(guó)總是在中印邊界進(jìn)行OO!所以，即使沒(méi)有區(qū)別也沒(méi)有相似之處!!
印度是民主國(guó)家，中國(guó)是DC國(guó)家!所以印度永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。。。
@Sandip6521 the world is not so extreme, it is not just Com...ism or democracy, there are lots of middle zones, in my view, apart from some countries like North Korea and some Nordic countries that are purely Com...ism or democracy, most other countries in the world are in middle zone, the differences is only more to left or right, and if you observe why 2 nuclear countries guard their borders with iron sticks, you can understand neither side wants to have an escalation. I am confident this dispute will be solved with peace and wisdom. Give it some time.
世界沒(méi)有那么極端，它不只是共產(chǎn)主義或民主，在我看來(lái)，除了像朝鮮和一些北歐國(guó)家這樣純粹的共產(chǎn)主義或民主國(guó)家之外，還有很多中間地帶,世界上大多數(shù)其他國(guó)家都在中間地帶，差別只是偏左或偏右,如果你觀察一下為什么兩個(gè)核國(guó)家用鐵棒守衛(wèi)邊境（不許動(dòng)槍），你就會(huì)明白，雙方都不希望局勢(shì)升級(jí)。我相信這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)端將以和平與智慧的方式得到解決，給它一些時(shí)間吧。
The tragic train accident demands a self-introspection more than finding loopholes in a cartoon
比起在漫畫(huà)中挑刺，這次悲慘的火車(chē)事故更需要自我反省
No India will never conquer the world.
India will ruled through her philosophy and kindness and compassion not through guns like western world.
不，印度永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)征服世界。
印度將通過(guò)她的哲學(xué)、善良和同情心來(lái)統(tǒng)治，而不是像西方世界那樣通過(guò)槍來(lái)統(tǒng)治（世界）。
Chinese people keep saying that exact same comment.
中國(guó)人一直在說(shuō)同樣的話。