在美國(guó)，為什么足球運(yùn)動(dòng)不是更受歡迎?（三）

Andrew McKenzie
The answer is really simple. By the time soccer hit, Americans were already in love with other team sports.
Why is soccer not more popular as a sport in the US?
Soccer didn’t really leave the British Isles in any great form until the end of the 19th century. That’s when British expats brought it to South America, the Continent, and even America. But by then, baseball and football were huge, and basketball was catching fire.
By 1884, the first attempt at forming a Football Association in the US came to fruition (The AFA, which would be supplanted by the USFA in 1913… the USFA is now the USSF). However, by then, professional baseball had swept the country. The National League was formed in 1876, and the American Association was formed in 1882. Both had national scope (at least, as much as one could have back then), while the AFA had a small regional scope. The American League came along in 1901. Baseball was already a key component of American life when soccer reached our shores, and it only grew after that. It’s still popular today, despite the media bemoaning its perpetual demise. Games attract between 17,000 and 46,000 on average (for a 162-game season!), and the star players earn far more than even the best-paid soccer stars (in salary, not necessarily endorsements). It’s also the only sport where people routinely come out for minor league action.

答案很簡(jiǎn)單。當(dāng)足球運(yùn)動(dòng)興起時(shí)，美國(guó)人已經(jīng)愛(ài)上了其他團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)。
在美國(guó)，為什么足球不那么受歡迎？
直到19世紀(jì)末，足球才真正以一種身心健康的的運(yùn)動(dòng)形式離開(kāi)了不列顛群島。就在那時(shí)，英國(guó)僑民把它帶到了南美、歐洲大陸，甚至美國(guó)。但到那時(shí)，棒球和橄欖球的影響已經(jīng)很大了，籃球也開(kāi)始變得火熱了。
到1884年，在美國(guó)組建足球協(xié)會(huì)的第一次嘗試取得了成果(AFA, 1913年被USFA取代，USFA現(xiàn)在是美國(guó)足球協(xié)會(huì)（USSF）)。然而，到那時(shí)，職業(yè)棒球已經(jīng)席卷全國(guó)。全國(guó)聯(lián)盟成立于1876年，美國(guó)協(xié)會(huì)成立于1882年。兩者都是全國(guó)性的（至少在當(dāng)時(shí)是如此)，而AFA只有很小的區(qū)域性范圍。美國(guó)聯(lián)盟于1901年成立。當(dāng)足球到達(dá)美國(guó)，并在那之后才有所發(fā)展時(shí)，棒球已經(jīng)是美國(guó)生活的重要組成部分，盡管媒體哀嘆它會(huì)永久消亡，但它今天仍然很受歡迎；每場(chǎng)比賽平均吸引1.7萬(wàn)至4.6萬(wàn)名觀(guān)眾(一個(gè)162場(chǎng)比賽的賽季!)，明星球員的收入甚至遠(yuǎn)高于收入最高的足球明星(工資，不一定是代言)。這也是唯一一項(xiàng)人們經(jīng)常出來(lái)觀(guān)看小規(guī)模聯(lián)賽的運(yùn)動(dòng)。

Fatheh Al Rafeeq
Why is the real football (soccer) not popular in America?
It is true that people in the US do not like football as much as american football because of a number of reasons.
England and the FA: Modern football rules are believed to be written by a bunch of people in a pub in the UK. From there it spread to neighboring European countries and to different parts of the world through colonization. this helped in the development of the game in Asia, Africa, South America etc. As there was no English presence in the US, football did not reach there. Instead a homegrown version of Rugby (American Football) was created. This sport exploded in terms of popularity in the US while football grew in the rest of the world.
America is not No.1: It is a fact that Americans can never settle for anything below 1st position. This was the case in football too. When the rest of the world started playing football, Americans played rugby. This led to wide gap between European countries and the US. This meant that when football became the world’s game, Americans were left behind. For this reason they stopped supporting football.
Just because Americans do not like football as much as Europeans, does not mean it is insignificant there. In fact, football is the fastest growing major sport in the US. More and more kids are playing football in the US. Over 4 million kids have chosen football over american football in the US. Hopefully in the future, Football will be able to overtake rugby in the US. Also, the fact that the 2026 World Cup is going to be held in US means its popularity will definitely increase.

為什么真正的足球在美國(guó)不受歡迎？
的確，美國(guó)人不像喜歡橄欖球那樣喜歡足球，原因有很多。
英格蘭和足球協(xié)會(huì)：現(xiàn)代足球規(guī)則被認(rèn)為是由一群人在英國(guó)的一家酒吧里制定的。從那里，它通過(guò)殖民傳播到歐洲鄰國(guó)和世界各地。這有助于足球在亞洲、非洲、南美等地的發(fā)展。由于當(dāng)時(shí)美國(guó)沒(méi)有英國(guó)人，所以足球沒(méi)有傳到那里。相反，一種本土版本的橄欖球(美式足球)誕生了。這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)在美國(guó)的受歡迎程度激增，而足球在世界其他地區(qū)也在發(fā)展。
（因?yàn)椋┟绹?guó)在這些運(yùn)動(dòng)不是第一：事實(shí)上，美國(guó)人永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)滿(mǎn)足于低于第一名的位置，足球也是如此。當(dāng)世界其他地方開(kāi)始踢足球時(shí)，美國(guó)人踢橄欖球。這導(dǎo)致了歐洲國(guó)家和美國(guó)之間的巨大差距。這意味著當(dāng)足球成為世界比賽時(shí)，美國(guó)人被甩在了后面。出于這個(gè)原因，他們停止支持足球。
僅僅因?yàn)槊绹?guó)人不像歐洲人那樣喜歡足球，并不意味著它在那里微不足道。事實(shí)上，足球是美國(guó)發(fā)展最快的主要運(yùn)動(dòng)。在美國(guó)越來(lái)越多的孩子踢足球。在美國(guó)，超過(guò)400萬(wàn)的孩子選擇了足球而不是選擇橄欖球。希望在未來(lái)，在美國(guó)足球的受歡迎程度能夠超越橄欖球。此外，2026年世界杯將在美國(guó)舉行，這意味著它的受歡迎程度肯定會(huì)提高。

Timothy Paris
Why do you think soccer is not popular in USA?
This question does not make much sense. Soccer is way more popular than most other sports in the USA. You might suggest that it isn’t as popular as football, baseball, basketball or hockey, but depending on how you are measuring popularity, you might get a different answer.
By the price of advertising on television, the “big four” probably make more money.
By the number of people that actually play the game, soccer probably comes out ahead. Certainly in my area, the number of children playing soccer on a Saturday is ten times the number playing any other sport.
Soccer is certainly more popular than curling, swimming, diving, archery, lacrosse, field hockey, skiing, skateboarding, expedition adventure racing, marathon running, water polo, polo(with horses), dressage, cowboy action shooting, etc. There is a very long list of sports that it is more popular than.

在美國(guó)你認(rèn)為為什么足球不受歡迎？
這個(gè)問(wèn)題沒(méi)有多大意義。在美國(guó)，足球比大多數(shù)其他運(yùn)動(dòng)都更受歡迎。你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為它不如橄欖球、棒球、籃球或曲棍球那么受歡迎，但根據(jù)你衡量受歡迎程度的方式，你可能會(huì)得到不同的答案。
按照電視廣告的價(jià)格，“四巨頭”可能會(huì)賺更多的錢(qián)。
根據(jù)實(shí)際參加比賽的人數(shù)，足球可能會(huì)領(lǐng)先。在我所在的地區(qū)，周六踢足球的孩子人數(shù)是玩其他運(yùn)動(dòng)的人數(shù)的十倍。
足球當(dāng)然比冰壺、游泳、跳水、射箭、長(zhǎng)曲棍球、曲棍球、滑雪、滑板、探險(xiǎn)冒險(xiǎn)賽、馬拉松、水球、馬球（帶馬）、盛裝舞步、牛仔動(dòng)作射擊等運(yùn)動(dòng)更受歡迎。

Based on my totally unscientific opinion, soccer is roughly as popular as golf or auto racing.
Perhaps you should also ask the question: Why do you think soccer so popular in the USA?
In an effort to actually give an answer to the question, I suppose that is just a sort of cycle. Before TV, Baseball was probably America’s favorite sport because they could play many games all over the country. With the rise of TV, different sports became more popular, because they were televised. They were televised because there were numerous breaks in the play, to allow commercials to be shown.
Soccer has 45 minutes of continuous play, often without any break at all. American TV companies would have needed to just cut away from the game to show commercials every few minutes, and that would have alienated a lot of fans.
For at least 50 years, for most Americans, if it wasn’t on TV then they didn’t even hear about it. It wasn’t on TV because they couldn’t figure out how to sell advertising.

根據(jù)我完全不科學(xué)的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，足球和高爾夫或賽車(chē)一樣受歡迎。
也許你也應(yīng)該問(wèn)一個(gè)問(wèn)題：為什么你認(rèn)為足球在美國(guó)如此受歡迎？
為了真正回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我想這只是一種循環(huán)。在電視出現(xiàn)之前，棒球可能是美國(guó)人最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)，因?yàn)樗麄兛梢栽谌珖?guó)各地打很多比賽。隨著電視的興起，不同的體育項(xiàng)目變得更受歡迎，因?yàn)樗鼈兌际请娨曓D(zhuǎn)播的。他們之所以被電視轉(zhuǎn)播，是因?yàn)閯≈杏泻芏嗖宀V告的時(shí)間。
足球比賽時(shí)間連續(xù)45分鐘，通常沒(méi)有任何時(shí)間休息。若美國(guó)電視公司從比賽中抽出時(shí)間，每隔幾分鐘播放一次廣告，這會(huì)讓很多球迷反感的。
至少50年來(lái)，對(duì)大多數(shù)美國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)，如果這件事沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)在電視上，他們甚至都沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)足球。在電視上沒(méi)有播出過(guò)足球，因?yàn)樗麄儾恢廊绾卧谧闱虮荣愔袖N(xiāo)售廣告。

Bruno Garcia
First things first: how long does an American football match take? 2 hours? 3 hours?
Google says the average is 3 hours and 12 minutes.
An association football match takes 90 minutes, plus 15 minutes of mid time and then something like 10 minutes of extra time, that leaves us with almost two hours, 115 minutes. But let's say 2 hours sharp. It is still 1h and 12 minutes shorter than American football.
So, which one is more time consuming?
Then we have the question of score.
a lot of points make each point less important. Think about it. If I miss a touch down there will be another in some minutes, if I miss a goal in football maybe there is only that one. So every single attack counts, every play counts.

首先：橄欖球比賽需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？2小時(shí)？3小時(shí)？
谷歌：平均時(shí)間為3小時(shí)12分鐘。
一場(chǎng)足球聯(lián)賽需要90分鐘，加上15分鐘的中場(chǎng)休息時(shí)間，然后大約需要10分鐘的加時(shí)賽時(shí)間，這給我們留下了將近2小時(shí)115分鐘的時(shí)間。我們?cè)O(shè)2小時(shí)整，它仍然比橄欖球短1小時(shí)12分鐘。
那么，哪一個(gè)更耗時(shí)呢？
那么我們有分?jǐn)?shù)的問(wèn)題。
太高的得分使每一分都不那么重要。想想看，如果我錯(cuò)過(guò)了一次觸地得分，幾分鐘后還會(huì)有另一次，如果我在足球比賽中錯(cuò)過(guò)了一個(gè)進(jìn)球，也許只有那一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。所以每一次進(jìn)攻都很重要，每一次比賽都很重要。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處

When I lose the ball in association football matches the other team immediately starts an attack that can become a goal and I can lose the game. As far as I know that is not what happens in american football, there are some weird rules about losing three times without moving forward enough, so if I lose the ball I have another chance, and another and another, no true counter attack.
So the stakes are always high, every attack can decide the match, every error can decide the match, a fail can decide the match, and ask Gerrard: even tripping can cost you the match.
Association football is way simpler and cheaper.And to play American football? I need the same footwear, way more people, protection for elbows, teeth, knees and a helmet.

當(dāng)我在足球聯(lián)賽比賽中丟球時(shí)，對(duì)方球隊(duì)立即開(kāi)始進(jìn)攻，這可能會(huì)造成一次進(jìn)球，我可能會(huì)輸?shù)舯荣?。?jù)我所知，橄欖球并不是這樣的，有一些奇怪的規(guī)則，例如在三次沒(méi)有足夠前進(jìn)的情況下失去球權(quán)，如果我失去球權(quán)，我會(huì)有另一次機(jī)會(huì)，再一次，再一次，而不是真正的反擊。
所以足球中的賭注總是很高的，每次進(jìn)攻都可以決定比賽，每次失誤都可以決定比賽，一次失敗都可以決定比賽，問(wèn)問(wèn)杰拉德（Gerrard）:即使絆倒也會(huì)讓你輸?shù)舯荣悺?br /> 足球聯(lián)賽更簡(jiǎn)單、更便宜；去踢橄欖球，我需要同樣的鞋子，更多的人，保護(hù)肘部、牙齒、膝蓋和頭盔。

And let's talk about the rules of american football: you have like two teams, one to defend and another to attack, you have at least two different scoring measurements, you have to progress a certain amount of land each play, if you lose the ball the game stops and everyone reposition themselves to start over. the game goes for 3 hours also said the of actual game you have less than 30 minutes.
Anyone can become an association football player: short bulky guys like Maradona, tall slim guys like Peter Crouch, small slim guys like Messi and Neymar or athletic machines like Cristiano Ronaldo. There is no right body, there is only talent. We can say the same about american football? A guy like Messi could take a tackle from any defender that weights three times him?

讓我們來(lái)談?wù)勯蠙烨虻囊?guī)則：兩支球隊(duì)，一支防守，另一支進(jìn)攻，你至少有兩種不同的得分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，每場(chǎng)比賽你必須前進(jìn)一定的距離，如果你丟了球，比賽就會(huì)停止，每個(gè)人都會(huì)重新定位，重新開(kāi)始。游戲持續(xù)3小時(shí)，也顯示實(shí)際游戲的時(shí)間不到30分鐘。
任何人都可以成為足球聯(lián)賽運(yùn)動(dòng)員：像馬拉多納（Maradona）這樣身材矮小、身材魁梧的人，像彼得·克勞奇（Maradona）這樣身材高大、身材苗條的人，比如梅西和內(nèi)馬爾這樣身材矮小的人，或者像克里斯蒂亞諾·羅納爾多這樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)器。沒(méi)有合適的身體，只有天賦。我們可以對(duì)橄欖球說(shuō)同樣的話(huà)嗎？像梅西這樣的人可以從任何一個(gè)比他重三倍的后衛(wèi)那里搶斷?
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處

And there is the plays, the way the team moves with the ball or without it, how they react after losing possession or after recovering the ball, how they pressure the other guys, how an attacker has to be a defender too or the other team will have an advantage, the ways they can find space to attack using their feet(look up Ronaldinho on YouTube and tell me if any american football comes close to do that kind of crazy shit while scoring and assisting, I saw something similar only in basketball but then again is easier using your hands.)
Also we have to consider Rugby Football, the sport where american football comes from. Rugby is popular, very much so. And, although way more complicated the association football, it is simpler and cheaper than american football, at least you don't have to wear an armor to play it.
So there is no actual space for american football: if you want to watch a fluid fast paced game you have association football
You can watch any game you want, there is space for everyone and you will usually prefer the game that is popular in your country and resonates with your culture, no one will judge you. But those are the reasons the whole world play association football and not american flavour of rugby.

在這里有比賽，球隊(duì)如何帶球或不帶球移動(dòng)，他們?cè)谑デ驒?quán)或恢復(fù)球權(quán)后的反應(yīng)，他們?nèi)绾谓o對(duì)方施加壓力，進(jìn)攻者如何也要充當(dāng)防守者，否則對(duì)方將占據(jù)優(yōu)勢(shì)，以及他們用腳找到進(jìn)攻空間的方式，（在油管上搜索小羅納爾多（Ronaldinho），告訴我有哪支美式橄欖球隊(duì)能在得分和助攻時(shí)做出那種瘋狂的動(dòng)作，我只在籃球比賽中看到過(guò)類(lèi)似的情況，但再說(shuō)一遍，使用手更容易。）
我們還必須考慮橄欖球的起源。橄欖球很受歡迎，盡管比足球聯(lián)賽更為復(fù)雜，但與橄欖球相比，足球更簡(jiǎn)單、更便宜，至少你不必穿著裝甲去踢球。
因此，美式足球沒(méi)有實(shí)際的空間：如果你想看一場(chǎng)流暢的快節(jié)奏比賽，你可以看足球聯(lián)賽；
你可以觀(guān)看任何你想看的比賽，每個(gè)人都有自己的喜好，通常你會(huì)更喜歡在你的國(guó)家流行并與你文化共鳴的比賽，沒(méi)有人會(huì)批評(píng)你。但這就是為什么全世界都在踢足球聯(lián)賽而不是玩橄欖球的原因。

Kedem Shpatz
As someone who watches both football and soccer, I’m quite confused. A soccer match takes 90 minutes+15 (including half-time), so 1 hour and 45 minutes. A football match, on the other hand, takes roughly 3 hours! Now how is soccer time consuming?
Second of all, the fact that a goal is 1 point and a touchdown is 6 means nothing. What if I decide that a touchdown equals 3 points and a field goal equals 1? Or that a touchdown is 1 point and a field goal is a third? It’s simply a matter of balance. The NFL decided that a balance of 6:3 is best. In soccer you just have only one way of scoring points, so there’s no point in making a goal more than 1 point, just like there would be no point in making a touchdown equal 12 points and a field goal equal 6, since you could just divide it in two and keep the two numbers whole.
So in short, football is a lot more time consuming than soccer

作為一個(gè)既看足球又看橄欖球的人，我很困惑。一場(chǎng)足球比賽需要90分鐘+15分鐘（包括半場(chǎng)），因此需要1小時(shí)45分鐘。另一方面，一場(chǎng)橄欖球比賽大約需要3個(gè)小時(shí)！那么足球是如何消耗時(shí)間的呢?
其次，進(jìn)球是1分，觸地得分是6分，這一點(diǎn)沒(méi)有任何意義。如果我決定一次觸地得分等于3分，一次投籃得分等于1分呢？或者一次觸地得分是1分，一次投籃得分是第三分？這只是一個(gè)平衡問(wèn)題。美國(guó)國(guó)家橄欖球聯(lián)盟認(rèn)為6:3的平衡是最好的。在足球比賽中，你只有一種得分方式，所以進(jìn)球超過(guò)1分沒(méi)有意義，就像觸地得分等于12分和投籃得分等于6分一樣，因?yàn)槟憧梢园阉殖蓛刹糠?，讓兩個(gè)數(shù)保持完整。
簡(jiǎn)言之，橄欖球比足球更耗時(shí)。

Anand P
Why soccer is not famous in America?
Just as Baseball is not famous in England or Spain, Soccer is not famous in the US.
Here are some reasons which suggests why the sport is not encouraged in the USA.

為什么足球在美國(guó)不流行？
就像棒球在英國(guó)或西班牙不流行一樣，足球在美國(guó)也不流行。
以下是美國(guó)不鼓勵(lì)這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的一些原因。

1.Major USA Wins
Americans love winners and teams like the Yankees, Cowboys, Celtics and Lakers have been consistent winners through the years. Even the U.S. Hockey team was able to win at the Lake Placid Olympics in 1980. The U.S. Soccer team has yet to achieve any such milestone win and trails the world’s best by leaps and bounds. This does not bode well for the popularity of the sport in the United States.

美國(guó)隊(duì)獲勝
美國(guó)人喜歡勝利者，像洋基隊(duì)、牛仔隊(duì)、凱爾特人隊(duì)和湖人隊(duì)這樣的球隊(duì)多年來(lái)一直是勝利者。就連美國(guó)冰球隊(duì)也能在1980年的普萊西德湖奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲勝。美國(guó)足球隊(duì)還沒(méi)有取得任何這樣的里程碑式的勝利，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于世界上最好的球隊(duì)。這對(duì)這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)在美國(guó)的受歡迎程度來(lái)說(shuō)不是好兆頭。

2. Ties/Draws
Americans can’t stand ties. There always has to be a winner and a loser and that is about as American as apple pie. In the United States teams will play a 5-7 hour baseball game to decide one outcome in a 162 game season. Nobody wins in a tie and that is unacceptable in the American sports culture where draws and ties are more stunning than losses.

平局/平局
美國(guó)人受不了平局，總會(huì)有贏家和輸家，這就像蘋(píng)果派一樣具有美國(guó)特色。在美國(guó)，各隊(duì)將進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)5-7小時(shí)的棒球比賽，通過(guò)162場(chǎng)比賽來(lái)決定賽季的結(jié)果。若平局，沒(méi)人能獲勝，這在美國(guó)體育文化中是不可接受的，因?yàn)槠骄直容數(shù)舯荣惛钊苏痼@。

3. Flopping/foul
The sport has more “flopping” than any other televised sport. Every single foul is incomplete unless the fouled player hits the turf with a grimace of pain holding a leg or shin. The NBA got sick of it and has started levying fines, but it happens almost every minute of a soccer game. It is disgusting and unmanly how exaggerated some of the reactions are to even a little contact in soccer. This turns many Americans off and that is precisely why the NFL is so celebrated in the U.S.

假摔/犯規(guī)
這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)比其它任何有電視轉(zhuǎn)播的運(yùn)動(dòng)都有更多的“摔倒”。每一次犯規(guī)都是不完整的，除非被犯規(guī)的球員抱著腿或脛骨，扮作痛苦狀。NBA對(duì)此感到厭倦，并開(kāi)始征收罰款，但這種情況幾乎在足球比賽的每一分鐘都會(huì)發(fā)生。在足球比賽中，即使是一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)身體接觸，一些人的反應(yīng)也被夸大了，這是令人厭惡和沒(méi)有男子氣概的。這讓許多美國(guó)人反感，這正是美國(guó)國(guó)家橄欖球聯(lián)盟在美國(guó)如此受歡迎的原因。

4. No Time stoppage
How can you go to the fridge and get a beer? The clock keeps running even with players down on the turf and when teams take forever to set up a corner kick. Not stopping the clock does two things that don’t help the sport. First, it gives no time for additional advertising revenue that helps power most sports in the United States. Second, it creates what is called “stoppage time” that leaves the viewers wondering how much time is left on the clock at the end of a game.

無(wú)暫停
你怎么能去冰箱里拿啤酒？即使球員躺在草皮上，當(dāng)球隊(duì)需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能踢出角球時(shí)，時(shí)間也在流逝。無(wú)暫停這個(gè)特點(diǎn)給這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來(lái)2方面的不利因素。首先，它沒(méi)有時(shí)間獲得額外的廣告收入，在美國(guó)，廣告收入有助于推動(dòng)大多數(shù)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。其次，它創(chuàng)造了所謂的“補(bǔ)時(shí)”，讓觀(guān)眾想知道比賽結(jié)束時(shí)還有多少時(shí)間。

5. Soccer is a defensive sport.
Americans simply don’t find 1-0 soccer matches to be very entertaining when so much running and passing leads to so little scoring. This leads talented youth to play other sports and spectators to turn their attention elsewhere.

足球是一項(xiàng)防守運(yùn)動(dòng)。
美國(guó)人根本不覺(jué)得1比0的足球比賽很有趣，因?yàn)樘嗟呐軇?dòng)和傳球才帶來(lái)很少的得分。這導(dǎo)致有天賦的年輕人參加其他運(yùn)動(dòng)，觀(guān)眾將注意力轉(zhuǎn)向其他地方。

6. Limited Substitution.
Why limit substitutions? If someone gets injured, what is wrong with allowing a free substitution to bring in another player. Every U.S. sport has benches and often it is players who come off the bench that can make the difference for their team.

限制換人。
為什么限制換人？如果有人受傷了，允許自由換人來(lái)引進(jìn)另一名球員有什么錯(cuò)。美國(guó)的每一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)都有替補(bǔ)球員，通常是替補(bǔ)球員能夠?yàn)樗麄兊那蜿?duì)帶來(lái)改變。