巴基斯坦在哪些方面明顯比印度做得好?

What are the things which Pakistan is significantly better at doing than India?

2024-01-27 ARRRRRIES 4376 14 6 收藏糾錯(cuò)&舉報(bào)

譯文簡(jiǎn)介

印度和巴基斯坦在許多方面都有各自的優(yōu)勢(shì)。通常，此類討論只是為了挑起無謂的爭(zhēng)辯，給兩方一種虛假的優(yōu)越感。

正文翻譯

Saurabh Jha
I recently read about Pakistan NIC (National Identity Card) and was amazed.
This card is mandatory for all Pakistani citizens and is issued at the age of 18. This card has more than 36 security features and is one of the most secure identity cards in the world.Its a chip based smart card which can be authenticated by card reader machines. Just imagine having a card which will ensure that there are no bogus voters during election.

我最近了解到巴基斯坦的國(guó)家身份證（NIC），感到非常驚訝。這張卡是巴基斯坦所有公民必須持有的，從18歲開始發(fā)放。該卡擁有36多個(gè)安全特征，是世界上最安全的身份證之一。它是一種基于芯片的智能卡，可以通過讀卡器進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。想象一下?lián)碛羞@樣一張卡，可以確保選舉期間沒有假投票者。

Unlike Aadhaar in India this card is mandatory for all the essential day to day things like voting, financial transactions, getting sim card, purchasing vehicle and land, securing admissions in college etc.This actually eliminates the need of multiple identity cards like voter card, ration card and reduces the risk of illegal immigrants.
Plus to add on a majority of the space in this card’s chip has been made available for the private sector to use for their products and services.
And I think the best part about this card is, its not made of paper like its Indian counter part and they haven’t issued it to anyone who is not human.

與印度的Aadhaar不同，這張卡對(duì)于所有必要的日常事務(wù)都是強(qiáng)制性的，比如投票、金融交易、獲取SIM卡、購(gòu)買車輛和土地、在大學(xué)中獲得入學(xué)資格等。這實(shí)際上消除了多個(gè)身份證的需要，比如選民卡、配給卡，并減少非法移民的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。此外，該卡芯片的大部分空間已經(jīng)為私營(yíng)部門提供，用于其產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)。我認(rèn)為這張卡最好的部分是，它不像印度的身份證那樣由紙制成，并且他們沒有將其發(fā)放給非人類。

評(píng)論翻譯

Rameez Ahmad
There are a number of things that both India and Pakistan do better than the other. Often times, discussions like these are started simply to incite a petty war of words, and to give both sides a false sense of superiority over the other. I hope on a forum like Quora however, this discussion may allow people on both sides of the border to learn from their counterparts. Since this question is about what Pakistan does better, I'll mention a few of the more prominent things that come to mind.

印度和巴基斯坦在許多方面都有各自的優(yōu)勢(shì)。通常，此類討論只是為了挑起無謂的爭(zhēng)辯，給兩方一種虛假的優(yōu)越感。但我希望在 Quora 這樣的論壇上，這種討論可以讓兩國(guó)的人民相互學(xué)習(xí)。既然這個(gè)問題是關(guān)于巴基斯坦做得更好的事情，我將提到一些比較突出的方面。

Poverty Rates
According to a 2011 United Nations report, poverty levels in Pakistan are surprisingly lower than those in India. According to the UN's numbers, an estimated 21.6% of Pakistanis live on less than 79 cents per day. This is a tragically high figure considering Pakistan's population is estimated to be 180 Million.

貧困率
根據(jù)2011年聯(lián)合國(guó)的報(bào)告，巴基斯坦的貧困水平比印度低得出人意料。根據(jù)聯(lián)合國(guó)的數(shù)據(jù)，估計(jì)有21.6%的巴基斯坦人每天生活費(fèi)用不足79美分?？紤]到巴基斯坦的人口估計(jì)為1.8億，這個(gè)數(shù)字令人震驚。

But India's figure is almost double that at 41.6%, with the population estimated to be at 1.4billion. Surprising figures, especially given India's rapid economic growth in recent decades.
Full disclosure- Some internal Pakistani studies have put Pakistan's poverty rate a lot higher than the UN's, but even those have only gone as high as 37%.

但是印度的數(shù)字幾乎是這個(gè)數(shù)字的兩倍，為41.6％，人口估計(jì)為14億。令人驚訝的數(shù)字，尤其是考慮到印度近幾十年來的快速經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。
全面披露——巴基斯坦的一些內(nèi)部研究表明，巴基斯坦的貧困率遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于聯(lián)合國(guó)的數(shù)據(jù)，但即使是這些研究也只達(dá)到了37%。

Gender Equality
The same UN study also reported that Pakistan fares better in terms of providing equal opportunities to women. The criteria used to make this determination were maternal death rates, teenage pregnancy, access to education, number of women in the workplace and the number of women in elected office.

性別平等
聯(lián)合國(guó)的同一項(xiàng)研究還報(bào)告說，巴基斯坦在為婦女提供平等機(jī)會(huì)方面做得更好。用于作出這一決定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是產(chǎn)婦死亡率、少女懷孕、受教育機(jī)會(huì)、工作場(chǎng)所婦女人數(shù)和當(dāng)選公職的婦女人數(shù)。

This figure must come as quite a shock to many, given Pakistan's characterization in the years since 9/11 as a hub of ultra-conservative religious nuts. Having lived in Pakistan for several years, I will be the first to say that the improvement of women's rights is a pressing need, but the situation on the ground isn't as bad as it's sometimes made out to be, and the problems with women's rights are lixed more closely to socioeconomic factors than to religious ones. The UN study seems to vindicate that point of view.

鑒于巴基斯坦自9/11以來一直被描述為極端保守的宗教狂人的中心，這個(gè)數(shù)字一定會(huì)讓很多人感到震驚。在巴基斯坦生活了幾年之后，我將是第一個(gè)說改善婦女權(quán)利是迫切需要的人，但當(dāng)?shù)氐那闆r并不像有時(shí)被認(rèn)為的那樣糟糕，婦女權(quán)利的問題與社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)因素而不是宗教因素聯(lián)系得更緊密。聯(lián)合國(guó)的研究似乎證實(shí)了這一觀點(diǎn)。

The News Media
I have spent a large part of my life living in Saudi Arabia. The majority of my family still lives there and I visit often. This has given me the unique opportunity to watch both Pakistani and Indian news outlets consistently, as almost all Indian channels are banned in Pakistan.

新聞媒體
我在沙特阿拉伯生活了很大一部分時(shí)間。我的大部分家人仍然住在那里，我經(jīng)常去拜訪。這使我有機(jī)會(huì)經(jīng)常觀看巴基斯坦和印度的新聞媒體，因?yàn)閹缀跛杏《阮l道在巴基斯坦被禁止播放。

India was the first to pioneer western-style 24/7 news channels in the mid-90's. this was a significant achievement for a sub-continental nation, as previously dissent against governments, even by journalists was difficult at best. It was refreshing to see politicians being held accountable for their actions on the nightly news (even if they weren't Pakistani). In recent years however, much of that journalistic integrity has been traded for garish tabloid-esque sensationalism. But this isn't the reason I mention the news media, as Pakistani news channels have followed a similar trajectory since their inception in the early 2000's.

20世紀(jì)90年代中期，印度率先引入西方風(fēng)格的24小時(shí)新聞?lì)l道，這對(duì)于一個(gè)次大陸國(guó)家來說是一項(xiàng)重要的成就，因?yàn)橐郧凹词故怯浾邔?duì)政府的異議也很困難。在每晚的新聞中看到政治家對(duì)其行為負(fù)責(zé)任（即使他們不是巴基斯坦人）是令人耳目一新的。然而，在最近幾年，許多新聞機(jī)構(gòu)的新聞報(bào)道趨向于賣弄聳人聽聞的小報(bào)風(fēng)格。但我提到新聞媒體并不是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因，因?yàn)樽詮陌突固沟男侣勵(lì)l道在2000年代初創(chuàng)立以來，它們走過了類似的軌跡。

The difference lies in how Pakistan is treated and mischaracterized on an almost daily basis in mainstream Indain news. Pakistan is often shown to be a country obsessed with destroying India. As a Pakistani, I can tell you this simply isn't true. The large majority of Pakistani's don't think of India much (we have our own problems). When we do, it's usually with a certain degree of admiration for India's economic success. Or because almost everyone in Pakistan is obsessed with Bollywood. By contrast, Pakistani news outlets rarely feature stories pertaining to India, and when they do, they are considerably more focused on criticizing our own government for it's failure to keep pace with our old neighbor, than they are on demonizing India.

差別在于，在主流印度新聞中，幾乎每天都會(huì)對(duì)巴基斯坦進(jìn)行虛假描述和誤解。巴基斯坦經(jīng)常被描繪成一個(gè)癡迷于摧毀印度的國(guó)家。作為一個(gè)巴基斯坦人，我可以告訴你，這簡(jiǎn)直是不真實(shí)的。絕大多數(shù)巴基斯坦人對(duì)印度興趣不大（我們有自己的問題）。當(dāng)我們對(duì)印度感興趣時(shí)，通常是出于對(duì)印度經(jīng)濟(jì)成功的一定程度的欽佩?；蛘呤且?yàn)榘突固箮缀趺總€(gè)人都癡迷于寶萊塢。相比之下，巴基斯坦的新聞媒體很少報(bào)道與印度有關(guān)的故事，而當(dāng)他們這樣做時(shí)，更多地是集中批評(píng)我們自己的政府未能與鄰國(guó)保持同步的失敗，而不是妖魔化印度。

Contemporary Music
Since the late 80's, pakistan has produced a multitude of great music acts. these days some of the best of the include bands like Noori, Meekal Hassan Band, Mauj, Zeb &Haniya and of course Ali Azmat. English language bands are also quite common, with Coven and Poor Rich Boy arguably the most accomplished. Experimental projects like Coke Studio must also be mentioned.

現(xiàn)代音樂
自上世紀(jì)80年代末以來，巴基斯坦已經(jīng)涌現(xiàn)出許多優(yōu)秀的音樂團(tuán)隊(duì)?，F(xiàn)在一些最好的團(tuán)隊(duì)包括Noori、Meekal Hassan Band、Mauj、Zeb & Haniya和當(dāng)然還有Ali Azmat。也有很多英語樂隊(duì)，其中Coven和Poor Rich Boy可以說是最有成就的。還必須提到Coke Studio等實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目。

It isn't the number of mainstream bands produced by Pakistan that is impressive (I believe the number is quite low), but the sheer quality and artistry displayed by them. In my opinion this is down to the fact that in Pakistan music is not a lucrative venture by any stretch. Legal and copyright issues ensure that, even with a great degree of recognition and plaudits, bands and artists rarely make enough money to support themselves. This means that only those who are most dedicated to their art persist and come to the limelight.

令人印象深刻的不是巴基斯坦制作了多少主流樂隊(duì)（我認(rèn)為數(shù)量相當(dāng)少），而是他們展示出的出色質(zhì)量和藝術(shù)性。在巴基斯坦，音樂并不是一個(gè)有利可圖的事業(yè)。法律和版權(quán)問題確保了即使在得到廣泛認(rèn)可和贊譽(yù)的情況下，樂隊(duì)和藝術(shù)家也很少賺到足夠的錢養(yǎng)活自己。這意味著只有那些對(duì)藝術(shù)最有熱情的人才會(huì)堅(jiān)持并獲得關(guān)注。

In India, artistry in music seems to have been sidelined. Where maestros like Ravi Shankar were celebrated in the past, the current "music industry" is designed to make only those meaningless jingles which can make the most money. Hopefully there will be a reversal in this trend in the near future, as India has one of the richest musical traditions in the world.

在印度，音樂的藝術(shù)性似乎被排斥在外。過去像拉維·香卡爾這樣的大師曾經(jīng)受到贊揚(yáng)，但當(dāng)前的"音樂產(chǎn)業(yè)"只關(guān)注能夠賺取最多錢的那些無意義的金曲。希望在不久的將來這種趨勢(shì)能夠逆轉(zhuǎn)，因?yàn)橛《葥碛惺澜缟献钬S富的音樂傳統(tǒng)。

Devendra Shelar
Brother, we (Indians) feel that majority of common men in Pakistan are just as human as any person can be. In addition to possessing qualities pertaining to a good human being, I personally believe that Pakistanis and Indians would share something more than a relationship of just humanity and that is of brotherhood. We may not have had a common origin, but we were together for many decades. (On other note, many people here believe that Pakistan has produced better music than India. Many of us are heartened to see Pakistani artists perform on Indian stage).

兄弟，我們（印度人）認(rèn)為巴基斯坦的大多數(shù)普通人和任何人一樣是人類。除了擁有良好的人性特質(zhì)外，我個(gè)人認(rèn)為巴基斯坦人和印度人之間的關(guān)系不僅僅是人類之間的關(guān)系，還有兄弟情誼。我們可能沒有共同的起源，但我們?cè)谝黄鸲冗^了許多年。（另一方面，這里有很多人相信巴基斯坦制作的音樂比印度更好。我們很高興看到巴基斯坦藝術(shù)家在印度的舞臺(tái)上表演）。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處

However, a common belief held by Indians is that the Pakistani military (not the Pakistani civilians) is the one who trains and sponsors terrorist attacks on India. Now, I do understand that Pakistan is also a victim of terrorism. I have read many times in newspapers about bomb-blasts in Pakistan and it is extremely painful to read 50 dead, 100 dead etc. I wish that both the countries worked together to eradicate terrorism. Both countries keep their soldiers on extreme terrains of Siachen where hundreds die every year, when they should have been working for a joint-visa for India and Pakistan. I can't imagine why both countries are building nuclear weapons when millions of the population die of malnutrition. Well, these are the problems for the leaders to work out.
We wish for Pakistan greater prosperity and happiness.

然而，印度人普遍認(rèn)為巴基斯坦軍方（而不是巴基斯坦平民）是訓(xùn)練和贊助對(duì)印度的恐怖襲擊的責(zé)任方?，F(xiàn)在，我確實(shí)理解巴基斯坦也是恐怖主義的受害者。我在報(bào)紙上多次讀到巴基斯坦發(fā)生爆炸事件的新聞，看到50人、100人等的死亡人數(shù)非常痛心。我希望兩國(guó)能共同努力消除恐怖主義。兩個(gè)國(guó)家將士在錫亞琴極端地區(qū)駐扎，每年都有數(shù)百人死亡，而他們本應(yīng)該為印度和巴基斯坦的聯(lián)合簽證而努力工作。我無法想象為什么兩國(guó)在數(shù)百萬人口因營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良而死亡時(shí)仍在建造核武器。好吧，這些問題應(yīng)由領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人來解決。我們希望巴基斯坦更加繁榮和幸福。

Anonymous
I am an Indian living in US from several years. Based on my experience, Pakistan/Pakistanis are better at:
1. Hospitality: Pakistani people have treated me with respect. Whether it was classmates, office colleagues, at grocery store or in Pakistani restaurants. They are welcoming, contrary to most US based Indians that carry a sense of smugness.

我是一個(gè)在美國(guó)居住多年的印度人。根據(jù)我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，巴基斯坦/巴基斯坦人在以下方面做得更好：
1. 熱情好客：巴基斯坦人民尊重我。無論是同學(xué)、辦公室同事、雜貨店還是巴基斯坦餐館。他們很熱情，與大多數(shù)帶著沾沾自喜的美國(guó)印度人相反。

2. Providing Authentic North Indian Cuisine in US: Whenever someone asks me to recommend best place for North Indian food, I tell them to check for a good Pakistani restaurant. Most of the good rated Indian places are too bland in taste and expensive. Good Pakistani places provide the authentic taste for the dishes and the cost is very reasonable. The aroma of the food ( my favorite daal makhani, lahori chole) is too overwhelming and it feels like I am eating home cooked food. They truly understand that taste can’t be generated just by adding spices or butter and understand the delicate art of cooking. Therefore, I prefer going to Pakistani restaurants and sometimes south Indian restaurants (when I crave for Dosa, Idli, Bisi Bele Bath, Uttapam or Pongal). Sadly there aren’t any good south Indian places near my residence.

2..在美國(guó)提供正宗的北印度菜：每當(dāng)有人問我推薦北印度美食的最佳地點(diǎn)時(shí)，我會(huì)告訴他們?nèi)フ乙患液玫陌突固共宛^。大多數(shù)評(píng)價(jià)很高的印度餐館口味太淡而且價(jià)格昂貴。好的巴基斯坦餐館提供了正宗的菜肴口味，價(jià)格非常合理。食物的香氣（我最喜歡的是黑豆醬和拉合爾煮菜）讓人陶醉，感覺就像在吃家常菜。他們真正理解口味不僅僅是添加香料或黃油，還懂得烹飪的細(xì)膩藝術(shù)。因此，我更喜歡去巴基斯坦餐館，有時(shí)候去南印度餐館（當(dāng)我想吃Dosa、Idli、Bisi Bele Bath、Uttapam或Pongal時(shí)）。可惜我住所附近沒有好的南印度餐館。

Vikram Yashashvi
The question assumes that Pakistan is inferior.
This is not a sensible assumption. Pakistan is a nuclear state. How they got there is debatable but in the end what matters is that Pakistan is nuclear power.

該問題假設(shè)巴基斯坦處于劣勢(shì)地位，這種假設(shè)是不明智的。巴基斯坦是一個(gè)核國(guó)家。他們?nèi)绾芜_(dá)到這個(gè)地位有爭(zhēng)議，但最重要的是巴基斯坦是一個(gè)核大國(guó)。

Pakistani people are no less talented than others. We have issues with them because of our different narratives, while Indian narrative is based on legal documents, Pakistan's narrative is based on emotional and moral foundations, which is weakened purely because they have been taught wrong history.
So on such divergent narratives Pakistan has the right to consider us inferior.
As for their economy, its in a similar crisis like India was in 1991.

巴基斯坦人民并不比其他人才差。我們與他們存在問題，是因?yàn)槲覀冇胁煌臄⑹?。印度的敘述基于法律文件，而巴基斯坦的敘述則基于情感和道德基礎(chǔ)，這一基礎(chǔ)因?yàn)樗麄儽唤虒?dǎo)了錯(cuò)誤的歷史而變得薄弱。
因此，在這樣相異的敘述上，巴基斯坦有權(quán)認(rèn)為我們是劣等的。至于他們的經(jīng)濟(jì)，它正面臨著與印度在1991年類似的危機(jī)。

I think if we are a growing power, we must display more responsibility and humility.
I will definately point legal divergences to my counterparts to their argument, i will nationalistically portray my case, i will critisize Pakistan army and Pakistanis for their failure to stand up to their army, but terming them inferior is taking the issue on a very low level!

我認(rèn)為，如果我們是一個(gè)正在崛起的大國(guó)，我們必須展示更多的責(zé)任和謙遜。我會(huì)向我的對(duì)手指出法律分歧，我會(huì)以國(guó)家主義的方式陳述我的觀點(diǎn)，我會(huì)批評(píng)巴基斯坦軍隊(duì)和巴基斯坦人民未能站出來對(duì)抗他們的軍隊(duì)，但將他們視為劣等是以非常低級(jí)的方式處理這個(gè)問題！

Pakistan is blessed with everything a nation dreams of, if they course correct... they would rise much higher.
Let's try and build trade ties...this one single thing is key to good ties between us...lets not demean each other, time changes everything...what goes up, comes down, and what comes down has to go up. Pakistan is at rock bottom, the only way it can travel from here is up and up.

巴基斯坦擁有一個(gè)國(guó)家夢(mèng)寐以求的一切，如果他們糾正航向...他們將能夠崛起得更高。讓我們努力建立貿(mào)易聯(lián)系...這是改善我們之間關(guān)系的關(guān)鍵。讓我們不要貶低彼此，時(shí)間改變一切...上升的也會(huì)下降，下降的也必將上升。巴基斯坦處于最低谷，它唯一能夠走的路就是向上。

Gordon Barnes
Using name and fame of India to get international importance: Pakistan always uses name of India to gain world footage as it has been proved by speech of Pakistan's PM Imran Khan, who discussed about India for 50 minutes!! I think he didn’t have other matters to discuss while Honorable PM of India didn’t even use the term Pakistan at UN. This proves Pakistan doesn't have any achievement to discuss there.

巴基斯坦利用印度的名聲來獲取國(guó)際重要性：巴基斯坦總是利用印度的名字來獲得國(guó)際關(guān)注，正如巴基斯坦總理伊姆蘭·汗在聯(lián)合國(guó)發(fā)表了長(zhǎng)達(dá)50分鐘的演講中所證明的那樣。而印度尊敬的總理甚至在聯(lián)合國(guó)的演講中都沒有提到巴基斯坦這個(gè)詞。這證明巴基斯坦沒有其他可以在聯(lián)合國(guó)討論的成就。

· Criticizing Indian high profile failures of which Pakistan doesn't have any idea about: Pakistan criticized ISRO’s failure in soft-landing of Chandrayaan-2 mission, of which they didn’t had any idea about (Note that ISRO was successfull in correct trajectory trace along with completion of many important intermediate missions till just 2.1 Km remained, thus proving that almost 95% of mission was accomplished). While criticizing, they forget that they are themselves dependent on china for their satellite launch.

批評(píng)印度高調(diào)失敗，而巴基斯坦對(duì)此一無所知：巴基斯坦批評(píng)了印度ISRO在“月船2號(hào)”任務(wù)的軟著陸失敗，但他們對(duì)此一無所知（值得注意的是，ISRO在正確的軌跡追蹤和完成了許多重要的中間任務(wù)之后，僅剩下2.1公里的任務(wù)失敗了，這證明任務(wù)完成了近95%）。在批評(píng)時(shí)，他們忘記了他們自己依賴中國(guó)進(jìn)行衛(wèi)星發(fā)射。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處

· Terror Funding: Pakistan promotes terrorism, this fact is very commonly known to whole world. The terror attacks like 26/11 at Mumbai, 9/11 at world trade center are examples of such activities. It provides support to terrorists like Masood Ajahar, Hafiz Saeed, Dawood Ibrahim in their country. Can you name another country more better in doing this..??

恐怖活動(dòng)資助：巴基斯坦支持恐怖主義，這一事實(shí)是世界共知的。像2008年孟買11.26恐怖襲擊、2001年9.11世貿(mào)中心襲擊這樣的恐怖襲擊就是這種活動(dòng)的例子。它在該國(guó)提供支持給恐怖分子，如Masood Ajahar、Hafiz Saeed、Dawood Ibrahim。你能列舉出哪個(gè)國(guó)家在這方面做得更好嗎？

· Spreading misbelief of Islam as a religion: I will suggest readers to once watch the speech of Mehdi Hasan at oxford unx. In this he clarifies the fact that how Islam is misunderstood by people of other religions due to some hundreds or thousands of peoples who spread idea of Jihad, which means fight against Islam. Although, true Islam concentrates on five things: the confession of faith; the prayer ritual; fasting during Ramadan; giving alms for the poor; and the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in one’s lifetime. The term Jihad previously meant as internal struggle against society that refuses Musli... to worship.

傳播伊斯蘭教的錯(cuò)誤觀念：我建議讀者們觀看梅迪·哈桑在牛津大學(xué)聯(lián)盟的演講。他在演講中澄清了伊斯蘭教被其他宗教的人們誤解的事實(shí)，這是由于一些數(shù)百或數(shù)千人傳播了圣戰(zhàn)的思想，而真正的伊斯蘭教關(guān)注五件事情：信仰宣言；禮拜儀式；齋戒月禁食；為窮人施舍；以及至少一生中一次朝覲麥加。圣戰(zhàn)一詞以前是指對(duì)抗拒絕穆斯林崇拜的社會(huì)的內(nèi)部斗爭(zhēng)。

巴基斯坦 印度

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