Army chief says people of UK are ‘prewar generation’ who must be ready to fight Russia
-Ministry of Defence clarifies it has no plans for conscxtion after Gen Sir Patrick Sanders says UK should take steps to place society on war footing

陸軍司令說，英國人是“戰(zhàn)前一代”，他們必須準(zhǔn)備好與俄羅斯開戰(zhàn)
——在帕特里克·桑德斯將軍表示英國應(yīng)該采取措施使社會(huì)處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)狀態(tài)后，國防部澄清稱并沒有征兵計(jì)劃


(Gen Sanders said that in the last 30 years, the British army has halved in size.)

（桑德斯將軍說，在過去的30年里，英國軍隊(duì)的規(guī)模減少了一半。）
新聞：

Downing Street has dismissed a warning from the head of the British army that the UK public must be prepared to take up arms in a war against Vladimir Putin’s Russia because today’s professional military is too small.

英國軍方負(fù)責(zé)人警告稱，英國公眾必須做好拿起武器對(duì)抗弗拉基米爾·普京領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的俄羅斯的準(zhǔn)備，因?yàn)槿缃竦穆殬I(yè)軍隊(duì)規(guī)模太小，但英國政府對(duì)此不予理會(huì)。

Rishi Sunak’s spokesperson said the prime minister did not agree with comments made by Gen Sir Patrick Sanders in a speech on Wednesday, and was forced to insist there would be no return to national service, which was abolished in 1960.

蘇納克的發(fā)言人表示，首相不同意帕特里克·桑德斯爵士周三在一次演講中發(fā)表的言論，并被迫堅(jiān)稱不會(huì)恢復(fù)1960年廢除的國民服役制度。

“Hypothetical scenarios” involving possible future wars was “not helpful”, the No 10 spokesperson added, as the row opened up a rift between the Conservatives and the military at a time when cuts mean the army is at its smallest for more than 300 years.

唐寧街10號(hào)的發(fā)言人補(bǔ)充說，涉及未來可能發(fā)生戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的“假設(shè)情景”是“沒有幫助的”，隨著在削減開支意味著英國軍隊(duì)處于300多年來最低水平之際，這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)吵打開了保守黨和軍方之間的裂痕。

The Ministry of Defence (MoD) also distanced itself from the speech, which was released by the British army on behalf of the senior general, who is due to leave in the summer, having missed out on becoming head of the armed forces three years ago.

英國國防部也與這篇演講保持距離，這篇演講是由英國陸軍代表這位高級(jí)將軍發(fā)表的，他三年前錯(cuò)過了成為武裝部隊(duì)最高負(fù)責(zé)人的機(jī)會(huì)，將于今年夏天離任。

Speaking at a military conference, Sanders starkly described the British people as part of a “prewar generation” who may have to prepare themselves to fight in a war against an increasingly aggressive Russia. The chief of general staff highlighted the example of Sweden, which has just reintroduced a form of national service as it closes in on joining Nato.

在一次軍事會(huì)議上發(fā)表講話時(shí)，桑德斯直言不諱地將英國人描述為“戰(zhàn)前一代”的一部分，說他們可能不得不做好準(zhǔn)備在一場(chǎng)對(duì)抗日益咄咄逼人的俄羅斯的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中作戰(zhàn)。這位司令強(qiáng)調(diào)了瑞典的例子——瑞典在即將加入北約之際，剛剛重新實(shí)施了一種國民服役形式。

During the speech in London, the army chief said the UK needed to broadly follow Stockholm’s example and take “preparatory steps to enable placing our societies on a war footing”. Such action was “not merely desirable, but essential”, he added.

在倫敦的演講中，這位陸軍司令表示，英國需要廣泛效仿斯德哥爾摩的榜樣，采取“準(zhǔn)備步驟，使我們的社會(huì)處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)狀態(tài)”。他補(bǔ)充說，這樣的行動(dòng)“不僅是可取的，而且是必要的”。

The foundations for “national mobilisation” could not be confined to countries neighbouring or close to Russia, and as a result ordinary people in the UK would be forced to join the UK’s 74,110 full-time regular army to see off an active threat to mainland Europe.

“全國動(dòng)員”的基礎(chǔ)不能局限于與俄羅斯相鄰或接近的國家，其結(jié)果是，英國的普通民眾將被迫加入英國74110名全職正規(guī)軍，以擊退對(duì)歐洲大陸的積極威脅。
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He said: “We will not be immune and as the prewar generation we must similarly prepare – and that is a whole-of-nation undertaking. Ukraine brutally illustrates that regular armies start wars; citizen armies win them.”

他說：“我們不能幸免，作為戰(zhàn)前的一代，我們必須做好同樣的準(zhǔn)備——這是整個(gè)國家的任務(wù)?！睘蹩颂m殘酷地證明了正規(guī)軍引發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，而公民軍贏得勝利。”

Sanders has previously complained publicly and privately about defence cuts. A year ago, in an attempt to ensure politicians plugged the gap with future spending, he warned that gifts of weapons to Ukraine would “l(fā)eave us temporarily weaker”.

桑德斯此前曾公開和私下抱怨國防削減。一年前，為了確保政客們用未來的開支填補(bǔ)缺口，他警告說，向?yàn)蹩颂m贈(zèng)送武器將“讓我們暫時(shí)變得更弱”。

Such public arguments over money have led him into conflict with the MoD, amid reports of clashes with the chief of defence staff, Adm Sir Tony Radakin. Some allies believe Sanders should have been promoted to replace Radakin, but he was asked to step down early after serving two of three years as army chief.

這種關(guān)于資金的公開爭(zhēng)論導(dǎo)致他與國防部發(fā)生沖突，有報(bào)道稱他與國防參謀長(zhǎng)托尼·拉達(dá)金發(fā)生沖突。一些盟友認(rèn)為，桑德斯本應(yīng)被提拔取代拉達(dá)金，但他在擔(dān)任陸軍司令三年任期中的兩年后，被要求提前辭職。

In his speech, Sanders said the cold war peace dividend was over, noting that “over the last 30 years, the army has been halved in size; in the last 12 years, we’ve absorbed a 28% reduction”. Recruitment remained a challenge, he said, although applications to join were “the highest in six years”.

桑德斯在演講中表示，冷戰(zhàn)的和平紅利已經(jīng)結(jié)束，他指出，“在過去30年里，軍隊(duì)規(guī)模減半；在過去的12年里，我們已經(jīng)承受了28%的減少量?！彼硎?，招募仍是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)，盡管申請(qǐng)入伍的人數(shù)是“6年來最高的”。

Before Sanders gave his speech, the MoD issued a clarification, saying it had no plans to advocate a return to national service.

在桑德斯發(fā)表演講之前，國防部發(fā)表了一份澄清聲明，稱其沒有計(jì)劃提倡重啟國民服役。

“The British military has a proud tradition of being a voluntary force and there is absolutely no suggestion of a return to conscxtion,” the MoD said, adding that ￡50bn was being invested in the military during the current year.

英國國防部表示：“英國軍隊(duì)有自愿參軍的光榮傳統(tǒng)，絕對(duì)沒有恢復(fù)征兵制的跡象?！眹啦窟€補(bǔ)充說，今年英國在軍事方面投入了500億英鎊。

With an election looming, the military is hoping politicians make further pledges over defence spending. Labour has avoided making any firm spending commitments, but has criticised cuts to the size of the army and promised to launch a defence review if elected.

隨著大選的臨近，軍方希望政客們?cè)趪篱_支方面做出進(jìn)一步的承諾。工黨避免做出任何明確的開支承諾，但批評(píng)削減軍隊(duì)規(guī)模，并承諾如果當(dāng)選，將啟動(dòng)國防審查。
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Grant Shapps, the defence secretary, this month repeated that the UK wants to increase defence spending from 2.1% of GDP to 2.5% in the future.

本月，國防大臣格蘭特·沙普斯重申，英國希望在未來將國防開支從GDP的2.1%提高到2.5%。

But Sanders said: “The army has a generous ￡44bn programme over 10 years, but that money is just 18% committed. During an electoral cycle, uncommitted money is vulnerable.”

但是桑德斯說：“軍隊(duì)在未來10年里有440億英鎊的慷慨計(jì)劃，但這筆錢只投入了18%。在選舉周期中，未承諾的資金是脆弱的?！?br />