為什么西歐人如此厭惡美國，甚至在美國和這些國家是盟友的情況下也總是批評美國？
Why do Western Europeans hate Americans so much and always bash Americans when America is allies with those countries?
譯文簡介
網(wǎng)友：我不會(huì)說整個(gè)西歐都厭惡美國。我認(rèn)為，西歐國家中的一部分人對美國及其公民持有不喜歡的態(tài)度，確實(shí)在歐洲有足夠多的人對美國有敵意，以至于形成了一個(gè)實(shí)際的人口群體。民意調(diào)查通常結(jié)果平平，每年大約有40%到50%的西歐國家居民對美國持有非常不贊同的意見。原因有很多，我只能就其中幾個(gè)提出自己的看法......
正文翻譯
Bill L.
I wouldn’t go as far as to say that Western Europe, as a whole, hates Americans. I think a fair portion of the people living in Western European countries dislike the United States and its citizens as a rule, and there are certainly enough people in Europe who hate Americans to make it an actual demographic. Polling is generally middling, and on any given yeah between 40–50% of the people living in Western European nations display an very unfavorable opinion of the United States. There are many reasons, and I can only offer my opinion on a few.
我不會(huì)說整個(gè)西歐都厭惡美國。我認(rèn)為，西歐國家中的一部分人對美國及其公民持有不喜歡的態(tài)度，確實(shí)在歐洲有足夠多的人對美國有敵意，以至于形成了一個(gè)實(shí)際的人口群體。民意調(diào)查通常結(jié)果平平，每年大約有40%到50%的西歐國家居民對美國持有非常不贊同的意見。原因有很多，我只能就其中幾個(gè)提出自己的看法。
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I wouldn’t go as far as to say that Western Europe, as a whole, hates Americans. I think a fair portion of the people living in Western European countries dislike the United States and its citizens as a rule, and there are certainly enough people in Europe who hate Americans to make it an actual demographic. Polling is generally middling, and on any given yeah between 40–50% of the people living in Western European nations display an very unfavorable opinion of the United States. There are many reasons, and I can only offer my opinion on a few.
我不會(huì)說整個(gè)西歐都厭惡美國。我認(rèn)為，西歐國家中的一部分人對美國及其公民持有不喜歡的態(tài)度，確實(shí)在歐洲有足夠多的人對美國有敵意，以至于形成了一個(gè)實(shí)際的人口群體。民意調(diào)查通常結(jié)果平平，每年大約有40%到50%的西歐國家居民對美國持有非常不贊同的意見。原因有很多，我只能就其中幾個(gè)提出自己的看法。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處
Western Europeans view the US as “right wing”, whereas they tend to lean towards more socialist governance, or at least more socialist than the US. The average US citizen, even if they don’t necessarily realize it, has more Republican tendencies, as in the style of government-not the political party-than most people in Europe. Individual rights in the US are highly prized and protected, even by those who align with more a more liberal philosophy.
西歐人將美國視為“右翼”，而他們傾向于支持更多社會(huì)主義治理，或者至少比美國更偏向社會(huì)主義。即使美國普通公民可能沒有意識(shí)到，他們在政府風(fēng)格上也比歐洲大多數(shù)人更傾向于共和主義——這里的“共和主義”指的是治理風(fēng)格，而非具體政黨。在美國，個(gè)人權(quán)利被高度珍視和保護(hù)，即使是那些持有更自由主義理念的人也是如此。
西歐人將美國視為“右翼”，而他們傾向于支持更多社會(huì)主義治理，或者至少比美國更偏向社會(huì)主義。即使美國普通公民可能沒有意識(shí)到，他們在政府風(fēng)格上也比歐洲大多數(shù)人更傾向于共和主義——這里的“共和主義”指的是治理風(fēng)格，而非具體政黨。在美國，個(gè)人權(quán)利被高度珍視和保護(hù)，即使是那些持有更自由主義理念的人也是如此。
Western Europeans tend to disagree with the US “Bill of Rights”. Things like gun ownership and free speech are much different in Europe than they are in the US. Gun ownership, for example, might be highly regulated or even illegal in some countries in Western Europe. And something such as “hate speech”, while protected by the US First Amendment, is illegal in many Western European nations, and those convicted of using hate speech can be imprisoned.
西歐人往往對美國的《權(quán)利法案》有不同的看法。比如，槍支擁有權(quán)和言論自由在歐洲與在美國的情況差異很大。例如，槍支擁有權(quán)在一些西歐國家可能受到嚴(yán)格監(jiān)管，甚至可能被禁止。而“仇恨言論”在美國《第一修正案》下是受到保護(hù)的，但在許多西歐國家是違法的，使用仇恨言論的人可能會(huì)被監(jiān)禁。
西歐人往往對美國的《權(quán)利法案》有不同的看法。比如，槍支擁有權(quán)和言論自由在歐洲與在美國的情況差異很大。例如，槍支擁有權(quán)在一些西歐國家可能受到嚴(yán)格監(jiān)管，甚至可能被禁止。而“仇恨言論”在美國《第一修正案》下是受到保護(hù)的，但在許多西歐國家是違法的，使用仇恨言論的人可能會(huì)被監(jiān)禁。
Many in Western Europe view the US as a Christian country, whereas Christianity and religion in general has largely been abandoned in Europe. A recent PEW poll states that 53% of Americans view religion as an important part of their lives. In Western Europe, the poll indicated that in Italy, 26% of the people living there felt that religion was important to them. The rest of the people of the nations of Western Europe indicated that 20% or below of the population viewed religion favorably.
許多西歐人將美國視為一個(gè)基督教國家，而在歐洲，基督教和宗教整體上已經(jīng)被大多數(shù)人拋棄。最近的一項(xiàng)皮尤調(diào)查顯示，53%的美國人認(rèn)為宗教是他們生活中的重要部分。在西歐，這項(xiàng)調(diào)查指出，在意大利，26%的人認(rèn)為宗教對他們很重要。其他西歐國家的人則表示，20%或更少的人對宗教持積極看法。
許多西歐人將美國視為一個(gè)基督教國家，而在歐洲，基督教和宗教整體上已經(jīng)被大多數(shù)人拋棄。最近的一項(xiàng)皮尤調(diào)查顯示，53%的美國人認(rèn)為宗教是他們生活中的重要部分。在西歐，這項(xiàng)調(diào)查指出，在意大利，26%的人認(rèn)為宗教對他們很重要。其他西歐國家的人則表示，20%或更少的人對宗教持積極看法。
Many in Western Europe have an unfavorable view of the United States armed forces. While the US military is no longer viewed as favorably as it was in the past by the average American, a career in the military is still considered honorable, on average, by the typical American citizen. In many parts of Europe, the military is viewed less favorably, or more as a necessary evil, than it is as profession. And the American military in particular is not was well regarded by Europeans as it would be by the typical American.
?許多西歐人對美國武裝部隊(duì)持負(fù)面看法。雖然美國軍隊(duì)在普通美國人眼中的聲譽(yù)不如過去，但從平均來看，美國人仍然認(rèn)為從軍是一項(xiàng)值得尊敬的職業(yè)。而在歐洲的許多地方，軍隊(duì)通常被視為一種必要的惡，而不是一種職業(yè)。特別是，美國軍隊(duì)在歐洲的聲譽(yù)通常不如在美國人眼中那樣高。
?許多西歐人對美國武裝部隊(duì)持負(fù)面看法。雖然美國軍隊(duì)在普通美國人眼中的聲譽(yù)不如過去，但從平均來看，美國人仍然認(rèn)為從軍是一項(xiàng)值得尊敬的職業(yè)。而在歐洲的許多地方，軍隊(duì)通常被視為一種必要的惡，而不是一種職業(yè)。特別是，美國軍隊(duì)在歐洲的聲譽(yù)通常不如在美國人眼中那樣高。
Many in Europe seem to dislike US cultural intrusion, and they feel that the US has too much influence on their own country’s respective cultures. US music, films, television shows, and every day technology have become prent in many areas of Western Europe, and this is not popular with some living in those countries.
許多歐洲人似乎不喜歡美國的文化入侵，他們覺得美國對他們自己國家的文化有過多的影響。美國的音樂、電影、電視節(jié)目和日常技術(shù)在西歐的許多地區(qū)都很流行，但這對生活在這些國家的一些人來說并不受歡迎。
許多歐洲人似乎不喜歡美國的文化入侵，他們覺得美國對他們自己國家的文化有過多的影響。美國的音樂、電影、電視節(jié)目和日常技術(shù)在西歐的許多地區(qū)都很流行，但這對生活在這些國家的一些人來說并不受歡迎。
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Imagine you are a German. Your bribed and compromised leader, Scholz, destroys your life to benefit himself and the USA.
假設(shè)你是一個(gè)德國人。你的受賄和妥協(xié)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人朔爾茨為了自己和美國的利益摧毀了你的生活。
2.Agrees to sanctions which obviously will destroy his nation’s industrialized economy, wiping out the way of life for his citizens to benefit the US and its money laundering in Ukraine scheme.
3.Breaks the budget of his country and risks its safety by sending all of its tanks and arms to Ukraine, leaving it wide open to attack should someone decide to conquer it or just generally destroy it.
他得知美國海軍將炸毀北溪二號，卻什么都不做，只是幫助掩蓋事實(shí)。
同意制裁，這顯然會(huì)摧毀他國家的工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)，破壞公民的生活方式，以利于美國及其在烏克蘭的洗錢計(jì)劃。
破壞國家預(yù)算并冒著安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，將所有的坦克和武器送往烏克蘭，使國家在有人決定征服或破壞它時(shí)暴露在攻擊之下。
有了這樣的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，還需要敵人嗎？美國這么做是為了自己的利益。如果你是德國人或其他歐洲人，你應(yīng)該對美國懷有永不消退的憤怒。你應(yīng)該退出北約，因?yàn)楸奔s對你們造成了傷害。你應(yīng)該發(fā)動(dòng)總罷工，要求領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人辭職。你應(yīng)該要求停止對烏克蘭的支持，重新開放核電站，并恢復(fù)與俄羅斯的貿(mào)易，以便在你的國家完全去工業(yè)化之前恢復(fù)獲得所需的廉價(jià)能源。
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I’m gonna let you know a secret that I learned from personal experience. Might blow your mind a bit.
Western Europeans don’t hate Americans, not as a whole. They hate Republicans, because to a European a Republican is like the worst parts of a 30s fascist party and Al-Qaeda mixed together, but if a European can’t tell if you’re a Republican they tend to at least give you the benefit of the doubt. At worst you’ll just have to answer some awkward political questions like how is Donald Trump not in jail. Hell, in some places they absolutely love Americans. The Swiss and the Germans love how tipping servers in restaurants is part of our culture for example.
我會(huì)告訴你一個(gè)我從個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)到的秘密。這可能會(huì)讓你有些吃驚。西歐人并不討厭美國人，整體上并不是這樣。他們討厭的是共和黨人，因?yàn)樵跉W洲人看來，共和黨人就像是30年代法西斯黨和基地組織的最糟糕部分混合在一起。但如果一個(gè)歐洲人看不出來你是否是共和黨人，他們往往至少會(huì)給你一個(gè)懷疑的好處。最糟的情況下，你可能會(huì)被問到一些尷尬的政治問題，比如為什么唐納德·特朗普沒有入獄。事實(shí)上，在某些地方，他們非常喜歡美國人。例如，瑞士人和德國人喜歡我們文化中在餐館給服務(wù)員小費(fèi)的習(xí)慣。
Citation? Proof? “Always bash Americans”… Generalise much? Allies? Out of the goodness of the US’s heart? Or to maintain the strategic usefulness of it’s assets in Europe. Do most Americans give a crap about Europe? Most of the ones I have met stereotype as much as you do…..
I’m not a big fan of the US, but I can discuss those views in some detail without lazy generalisations.
引用？證明？“總是批評美國人”…這是不是過于泛化了？盟友？是因?yàn)槊绹纳屏贾模窟€是為了維護(hù)其在歐洲資產(chǎn)的戰(zhàn)略價(jià)值？大多數(shù)美國人在乎歐洲嗎?我遇到的大多數(shù)人都和你一樣刻板印象.....我不是美國的忠實(shí)粉絲，但我可以詳細(xì)討論這些看法，而不是僅僅做出懶惰的泛化。
They certainly don't. Maybe you're confusing your own limited experience with the reality?
And if that's the case then it seems that your interactions with different Europeans hasn't gone well. The common denominator in all of those examples being you.
So maybe you're the problem?
他們確實(shí)不會(huì)。也許你把自己的有限經(jīng)驗(yàn)和現(xiàn)實(shí)混淆了？如果是這樣的話，似乎你與不同歐洲人的互動(dòng)并不順利。在所有這些例子中，唯一的共同點(diǎn)是你自己。所以也許你就是問題所在?
America is allies with no one but America.
Countries make pacts with America and then keep a very close eye on whatever was signed up to. As the American politicians have proven time and time again, to be liars, cheaters AND Theives.
And I don't just mean they do it to get a better deal out of it for America, sometimes they do it just because they can.
The tube alloys project for one.
美國與任何國家都沒有真正的盟友關(guān)系。各國與美國簽訂協(xié)議后，都會(huì)非常密切地監(jiān)視協(xié)議的執(zhí)行。正如美國政治家一再證明的那樣，他們是撒謊者、騙子和小偷。我不僅僅是指他們?yōu)榱嗣绹娑@樣做，有時(shí)候他們這么做只是因?yàn)樗麄兛梢?。例如，管道合金?xiàng)目。
They’re scared of what we’ll do if we go fascist. I’d like to be able to say we’d never do such a thing, but apparently, there are LOTS of Americans who disagree.
It’s a reasonable fear, as we’ve voted in some psychos recently. Not only that, they’ve been through that shit in living memory. The most recent bullshit war on our shores was over 150 years ago, and barring some people who look at cannonballs embedded in brick buildings and have the imagination to understand what that means, we’ve mostly accepted NOT-war as an unalterable state of being on our shores.
他們擔(dān)心如果我們走向法西斯主義會(huì)發(fā)生什么。我希望能夠說我們絕不會(huì)這樣做，但顯然有很多美國人并不同意這一點(diǎn)。這是一種合理的擔(dān)憂，因?yàn)槲覀冏罱x舉了一些精神不正常的人。而且，他們在活著的時(shí)候經(jīng)歷過這些糟糕的事情。我們最近一次在本土發(fā)生的亂象是在150多年前，除了那些看到嵌在磚墻中的炮彈并能理解其含義的人之外，我們大多數(shù)人已經(jīng)接受了“非戰(zhàn)爭”作為我們岸上的不可更改的狀態(tài)。
You've got it wrong, we don't hate Americans at all, we merely think of you as a people with an inordinate amount of moron's running about with opinions on everything but basically know fuck all about anything.
Now look at it this way, many of you thought and still think trump was a good idea, a man with the intellectual capacity of a bean.
We hate the idea that you see yourselves as exceptional, your not
你搞錯(cuò)了，我們根本不討厭美國人，我們只是覺得你們這群人中有大量的傻瓜對各種事情發(fā)表意見，但實(shí)際上對任何事都一無所知。現(xiàn)在換個(gè)角度看，你們中的許多人曾經(jīng)并且仍然認(rèn)為特朗普是個(gè)好主意，一個(gè)智力只有豆子那么高的人。我們討厭你們認(rèn)為自己與眾不同，其實(shí)不然
我們討厭你們認(rèn)為自己與眾不同，其實(shí)不然
Well, the adults in the room, in America and Europe, know that just because you’re allies doesn’t mean you have to agree on everything. It doesn’t even mean you are obligated to join all of your allies’ wars, a little covert assistance here and there notwithstanding.
Anyway, I doubt if Europeans bash America as much as Americans bash them. Most of the Europeans I’ve met simply look concerned and ask, “What is wrong with people in the U.S.?” I sigh and say, “This is going to take a while….”
好吧，歐美的成年人知道，雖然你們是盟友，但并不意味著你們必須在所有問題上意見一致。這甚至不意味著你們有義務(wù)參戰(zhàn)，雖然偶爾會(huì)有一點(diǎn)秘密援助。總的來說，我懷疑歐洲人批評美國的頻率是否比美國人批評他們的頻率更高。我遇到的大多數(shù)歐洲人只是憂心忡忡地問:“美國人怎么了?”我嘆了口氣說：“這需要一段時(shí)間……?！?/b>
The same reason siblings bash each other. There’s not hatred there, even if they don’t always get along. If your visit to Western Europe was met with apparent hatred, I’m sorry to say that might have had more to do with you individually, for one reason or another. That has not been my experience, and I’ve been to almost every country in Western Europe at this point.
這就像兄弟姐妹之間互相挖苦一樣。雖然他們不總是和睦相處，但這并不是仇恨。如果你在西歐的訪問遭遇了明顯的敵意，很抱歉說，這可能與你個(gè)人有關(guān)，無論出于什么原因。對我而言，情況并非如此，我現(xiàn)在幾乎去過西歐的每個(gè)國家。
American ignorance is known all over the world. Often, Americans do not bother to learn any foreign languages when they travel. They expect everyone to understand their American accent. Often, they make fun of the British pronunciation while they clearly have a prominent accent.
美國的無知在世界各地都很有名。很多美國人旅行時(shí)不愿意學(xué)習(xí)任何外語，他們期望每個(gè)人都能理解他們的美國口音。他們常常嘲笑英國發(fā)音，而自己明顯有著顯著的口音。
I suppose it was always that way. It wasn’t too long after the end of WW2 when the French, the very people we helped liberate, started working against us. Talk about gratitude.
The interesting thing is that European governments have been slow to reflect the sentiment of their people. With the way Europeans trash us, you’d think they were preparing for war. That’s why I have to laugh whenever I hear someone still refer to them as allies.
I pray for the day we leave NATO. Whatever the downsides, being free of those people will still be nice in the end. With their track record, they’ll be at war soon enough again. Somehow, even if we’re not involved, it’ll still be our fault.
我想這一直都是這樣。二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后沒過多久，我們幫助解放的法國人就開始與我們對抗。說到感激真是諷刺。令人有趣的是，歐洲政府反映民眾情緒的速度很慢?？紤]到歐洲人對我們的抨擊，你會(huì)以為他們在準(zhǔn)備戰(zhàn)爭。這就是為什么每當(dāng)我聽到有人仍然稱他們?yōu)槊擞褧r(shí)，我就不得不笑。我祈禱有一天我們能離開北約。盡管有些缺點(diǎn)，但最終擺脫這些人還是會(huì)很好。憑借他們的歷史記錄，他們很快就會(huì)再次爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭。即便我們沒有參與，仍然會(huì)被歸咎于我們。
They do not hate Americans and only bash Americans who state ridiculous things with no basis on facts, such as their revisionist history based on Hollywood movies rather than the facts. Europeans suffered so much more than Americans during both world wars and by this I am not discounting the many good Americans that fought and did not get to go home. Europeans had their homelands invaded, bombed and destroyed killing a large number of civilians who were just unlucky to be in the way and that did not happen in America. When Americans brag about winning both world wars and saving Europe from tyranny, basing their comments on Hollywood movies that are made to make it look like they did everything and not necessarily based on the facts, that upsets many Europeans. Luckey there are many Americans that do not act this way, so there is still hope for the nation. Just stop demonstrating that you do not suffer from hemorrhoids (and by that I mean being a perfect asshole) and your perspective may change.
他們并不仇恨美國人，只是對那些毫無事實(shí)依據(jù)、言之無物的言論感到憤怒，比如那些基于好萊塢電影而非事實(shí)的修訂歷史。歐洲人在兩次世界大戰(zhàn)中遭受的痛苦遠(yuǎn)比美國人多，這并不是說那些沒能回家的好美國人所做的犧牲不重要。歐洲的家園被入侵、轟炸和摧毀，導(dǎo)致大量無辜平民遇難，而這些在美國并沒有發(fā)生。當(dāng)美國人炫耀自己贏得了兩次世界大戰(zhàn)并拯救了歐洲免于暴政時(shí)，常?；谀切⒚绹枥L成唯一勝利者的好萊塢電影，而非事實(shí)，這讓許多歐洲人感到不滿。幸運(yùn)的是，還有很多美國人并不是這樣，因此國家仍然有希望。只要不要表現(xiàn)出你并不患有痔瘡（我指的是做一個(gè)徹頭徹尾的混蛋），你的觀點(diǎn)可能會(huì)有所改變。
I don’t think most western Europeans hate Americans. They may criticize America, and sometimes the conduct of some of its citizens, but that doesn’t mean they hate the country. It’s OK to criticize your friends when they do something wrong, you know.
我不認(rèn)為大多數(shù)西歐人憎恨美國人。他們可能會(huì)批評美國，以及有時(shí)批評一些美國公民的行為，但這并不意味著他們憎恨這個(gè)國家。你知道的，批評朋友在他們做錯(cuò)事的時(shí)候是可以的。
It's not America, or Americans as a whole. It's just the high percentage of completely ignorant nutcases that Quora tends to attract from the states l. There's obviously the sane educated ones. But the proportion of complete tests is scary.
這并不是針對美國或美國人整體的問題。問題在于，Quora上有很多完全無知的瘋子，尤其是來自美國的。顯然也有理智的、受過教育的人。但那些完全無知的人比例確實(shí)很嚇人。
Because people always hate the guy on top. Nobody goes after the guy on the bottom. Let’s face it most of Western Europe now are socialist, atheist scumbag countries. Why would any American give a shit what they think? There are some good European countries like Poland, Malta, and Romania. As for the atheist , socialists we should break off all relations with them. Let them protect themselves!
因?yàn)槿藗兛偸怯憛捳驹陧敹说娜?。沒有人會(huì)去攻擊底層的人。說實(shí)話，現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)西歐國家都是社會(huì)主義、無神論的爛國家。為什么任何美國人會(huì)在意他們的看法呢？還有一些不錯(cuò)的歐洲國家，比如波蘭、馬耳他和羅馬尼亞。至于那些無神論的社會(huì)主義者，我們應(yīng)該斷絕所有關(guān)系，讓他們自己保護(hù)自己吧！
Maybe when your possible future Vice President calls the UK an Islamist State, you begin to see why you can be seen as not so much as allies, and more as dangerous. People begin to wonder if the US is the sort of friend that can be trusted and relied upon. Unfortunately, history tends to suggest otherwise. Only if its own self interests are jeopardized, does it show any commitment towards its “friends”. In return however, when the US requires assistance, it expects those same countries to immediately come to their aid, as after 9/11.
也許當(dāng)你們未來可能的副總統(tǒng)稱英國為“伊斯蘭國家”時(shí)，你們就會(huì)開始明白，為什么你們會(huì)被視為不只是盟友，更是一種威脅。人們開始懷疑美國是否是一個(gè)可以信賴和依靠的朋友。不幸的是，歷史往往表明情況并非如此。只有當(dāng)自身利益受到威脅時(shí)，美國才會(huì)表現(xiàn)出對其“朋友”的承諾。然而，當(dāng)美國需要援助時(shí)，它卻期待這些國家立即提供幫助，就像9/11事件后那樣。