為什么Tiktok上那些去中國旅游的博主吃了那么多東西，沒有人出現過敏？尤其是各種混合香料，不是相當危險嗎？
China’s Allergy Story
譯文簡介
網友：乳糖不耐癥
那時我剛開始工作，一個同事去美國出差，回來后跟我們說：“你們知道我其實有乳糖不耐受嗎？我在美國喝了真牛奶后拉肚子很厲害，你們要試試嗎？”
正文翻譯
Lactose Intolerant
I had just started working at that time. A colleague went on a business trip to the United States. When he came back, he said to us, "Do you know that I am actually lactose intolerant? I had severe diarrhea after drinking real milk in the United States. Do you want to try it on you guys?"
乳糖不耐癥
那時我剛開始工作，一個同事去美國出差，回來后跟我們說：“你們知道我其實有乳糖不耐受嗎？我在美國喝了真牛奶后拉肚子很厲害，你們要試試嗎？”
I had just started working at that time. A colleague went on a business trip to the United States. When he came back, he said to us, "Do you know that I am actually lactose intolerant? I had severe diarrhea after drinking real milk in the United States. Do you want to try it on you guys?"
乳糖不耐癥
那時我剛開始工作，一個同事去美國出差，回來后跟我們說：“你們知道我其實有乳糖不耐受嗎？我在美國喝了真牛奶后拉肚子很厲害，你們要試試嗎？”
A few days later, he mysteriously brought back an Amazon box with an ice pack inside. He took out a large American-style box of milk and poured a glass for each of us, saying that this was the real milk he drank in the United States and asked us all to try it.
幾天后，他神秘地帶回來一個亞馬遜盒子，里面放著一個冰袋，拿出一大盒美式牛奶，給我們每人倒了一杯，說這是他在美國喝到的真正的牛奶，讓我們都嘗嘗。
幾天后，他神秘地帶回來一個亞馬遜盒子，里面放著一個冰袋，拿出一大盒美式牛奶，給我們每人倒了一杯，說這是他在美國喝到的真正的牛奶，讓我們都嘗嘗。
You know what, this is real milk... It really smells like cow. In the afternoon, everyone in the office went to the toilet together. Fortunately, our toilet is a shared one on the first floor, so it is sufficient. He smiled and said nothing: You are all actually lactose intolerant, but you just didn't know that you have been drinking fake milk?
你知道嗎，這是真牛奶……真的有牛的味道。下午辦公室里的人一起去廁所，幸好我們廁所是一樓公用的，所以足夠用。他笑而不語：你們其實都是乳糖不耐受，只是不知道你們喝的都是假牛奶？
你知道嗎，這是真牛奶……真的有牛的味道。下午辦公室里的人一起去廁所，幸好我們廁所是一樓公用的，所以足夠用。他笑而不語：你們其實都是乳糖不耐受，只是不知道你們喝的都是假牛奶？
But one of my colleagues thought something was wrong. He lived in the village and had a dairy cow. Last month, he went back to his hometown and had two big bowls of milk in the morning. What happened? Could it be that the breed of the cow was different? The two of them started arguing about this. The colleague who had been to the United States said that your family must have diluted the milk in advance, and the colleague who raised cows said that your milk might have gone bad after being shipped across half the world.
可是我的一個同事覺得不對勁，他家在農村，養(yǎng)了一頭奶牛，上個月回老家，早上喝了兩大碗牛奶，怎么回事？難道是牛的品種不一樣？兩個人為此爭論起來。去過美國的同事說，你家肯定是提前稀釋了牛奶，養(yǎng)牛的同事說，你的牛奶可能運過半個地球就壞了。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網 http://top-shui.cn 轉載請注明出處
可是我的一個同事覺得不對勁，他家在農村，養(yǎng)了一頭奶牛，上個月回老家，早上喝了兩大碗牛奶，怎么回事？難道是牛的品種不一樣？兩個人為此爭論起來。去過美國的同事說，你家肯定是提前稀釋了牛奶，養(yǎng)牛的同事說，你的牛奶可能運過半個地球就壞了。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網 http://top-shui.cn 轉載請注明出處
Until a colleague took the box and studied it and said, "Hey, you know this is raw milk?" Then our boss shared the kettle he used to make tea, boiled the remaining box of milk, and everyone drank it. Nothing happened, and the smell of animal food was gone, it was completely the familiar milk taste...
直到有同事接過盒子研究了一下說：“哎，你知道這是生牛奶嗎？”然后我們老板就把自己泡茶的水壺分享了過來，把剩下的一盒牛奶煮開，大家喝了下去。什么事都沒有發(fā)生，動物飼料的味道也沒了，完全是熟悉的牛奶味……
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網 http://top-shui.cn 轉載請注明出處
直到有同事接過盒子研究了一下說：“哎，你知道這是生牛奶嗎？”然后我們老板就把自己泡茶的水壺分享了過來，把剩下的一盒牛奶煮開，大家喝了下去。什么事都沒有發(fā)生，動物飼料的味道也沒了，完全是熟悉的牛奶味……
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網 http://top-shui.cn 轉載請注明出處
Peanut Allergy
Let me talk about an allergy that many people may have heard of - allergy to peanuts and peanut products. This type of allergy is quite common in Europe and America, especially the United States, and once it occurs it can be very serious. If the person around you doesn't have an epinephrine pen for first aid, the person may die. China recently opened up a 144-hour visa-free policy, and a large number of Europeans and Americans came to China for short-term tourism.
花生過敏
先說一種很多人可能聽說過的過敏——花生及花生制品過敏。這種過敏在歐美，尤其是美國相當常見，而且一旦發(fā)生會非常嚴重。如果身邊的人沒有腎上腺素筆急救，人就可能喪命。中國最近開放了144小時免簽政策，大量歐美人來華短期旅游。
Let me talk about an allergy that many people may have heard of - allergy to peanuts and peanut products. This type of allergy is quite common in Europe and America, especially the United States, and once it occurs it can be very serious. If the person around you doesn't have an epinephrine pen for first aid, the person may die. China recently opened up a 144-hour visa-free policy, and a large number of Europeans and Americans came to China for short-term tourism.
花生過敏
先說一種很多人可能聽說過的過敏——花生及花生制品過敏。這種過敏在歐美，尤其是美國相當常見，而且一旦發(fā)生會非常嚴重。如果身邊的人沒有腎上腺素筆急救，人就可能喪命。中國最近開放了144小時免簽政策，大量歐美人來華短期旅游。
As a result, many people did not realize that they had eaten peanuts until a long time after eating peanut products, because they did not experience any symptoms after eating. This is very interesting, as it means that they are most likely not allergic to peanuts, but to additives or something else. However, this allergen appears in large quantities in peanut products in Europe and the United States.
結果很多人直到吃了花生制品很久之后才意識到自己吃了花生，因為吃了之后并沒有出現任何癥狀。這很有意思，說明他們很有可能不是對花生過敏，而是對添加劑或者別的什么東西過敏。然而，這種過敏原卻大量出現在歐美的花生制品中。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網 http://top-shui.cn 轉載請注明出處
結果很多人直到吃了花生制品很久之后才意識到自己吃了花生，因為吃了之后并沒有出現任何癥狀。這很有意思，說明他們很有可能不是對花生過敏，而是對添加劑或者別的什么東西過敏。然而，這種過敏原卻大量出現在歐美的花生制品中。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網 http://top-shui.cn 轉載請注明出處
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I always say that the Chinese dream is more real than the American dream now. The American dream is like the lottery. Most people will work full time, maybe several jobs, to live in poverty. While China enjoys a modern, convenient and safe lifestyle.
我總是說，現在中國夢比美國夢更真實。美國夢就像中彩票。大多數人會全職工作，甚至多份工作，卻依然生活在貧困中。而中國則享受現代、便利、安全的生活方式。
The American dream is no longer a dream, it’s now the American Nightmare, ask all the homeless on the streets of America.
美國夢不再是夢想，現在變成了美國噩夢，問問美國街頭的無家可歸者就知道了。
Or the average person shopping.
或者是普通購物的人。
After I lived or traveled several countries, I should say yes China now is not bad comparing to most of countries in the world.
在我生活或旅行了幾個國家之后，我應該說，相比于世界上大多數國家，現在的中國并不差。
A lot of people in China work two or three jobs, have you heard of 996? It mean 9am to 9pm 6 days per week.
中國很多人做兩三份工作，你聽說過996嗎？它意味著每天早上9點到晚上9點，每周6天。
One of my exes worked a job like that yes. Nothing that will make you rich, but a full time is enough to live. Also, as he got experience, he got better and better pay and better working conditions (like two days weekends).
Worse paid jobs like constructions or security will provide free or cheap housing in dorms and cheap food at the canteen, so that even crappy jobs let you save money or send it to your wife in another city.
Also, most jobs with long hours don't expect you to be productive all the time. Security guards at the gate of residence can have very very long shifts but can sit most of it in the small air conditioned cabin playing on their phone.
我的一個前任確實做過這樣的工作。雖然不能讓你變得富有，但全職工作足夠維持生活。而且，隨著經驗的積累，他的薪水越來越高，工作條件也越來越好（比如有兩天的周末）。
薪水較低的工作，如建筑工地或保安，會提供免費或便宜的宿舍和便宜的食堂餐，這樣即使是糟糕的工作也能讓你存錢或寄給在另一個城市的妻子。
此外，大多數長時間工作的崗位并不要求你始終保持高效。住區(qū)門口的保安可能會有非常長的班次，但大部分時間可以坐在小小的空調房間里玩手機。
有些人工作很多但賺不到錢，但公共交通便宜而方便，食物便宜，公共事業(yè)費用低，還有醫(yī)療保健和退休養(yǎng)老金。因此，中國的窮人過得比美國的窮人好，因為美國沒有社會保障網，所有東西都過于昂貴（交通，大多數是個人交通，公用事業(yè)，租房，醫(yī)療保健……）。
其中一部分原因是中國正在變得更加富裕，而美國正在崩潰，但另一部分原因也是社會主義國家與資本主義地獄的對比。
Copied from Silicon Valley
從硅谷復制過來的
Except for the government
除了政府
Seriously, that's not fake milk
That's cooked milk.
Like the UHT stuff.
說真的，那不是假奶
那是熟奶。
就像UHT（超高溫處理）奶一樣。
Most milks around the world are pasteurised. It is not necessarily UHT (Ultra High Temperature).
There is the milk shelf life that indicates whether it is UHT or simply produced in pristine clean and sterile environment. UHT can last for 6 months or even a year, it is usually canned or in carton boxes.
世界上大多數牛奶都是巴氏消毒的。它不一定是UHT（超高溫處理）。
牛奶的保質期表明它是否是UHT處理的，或者僅僅是在潔凈和無菌的環(huán)境中生產的。UHT牛奶可以保存6個月甚至一年，通常是罐裝或紙盒包裝。
Raw milk smells like the animal indeed, I also drank that in a farm, I got a nauseating experience easily because of the lingering smell, not necessarily lactose intolerance.
新鮮的巴氏消毒牛奶則是紙盒或塑料瓶裝——它們的保質期為1周到1個月——超過這個時間是不可能的。
生奶確實有動物的氣味，我在農場喝過生奶，由于余味難聞，我很容易感到惡心，這不一定是乳糖不耐癥。
It is boiled milk.
那是煮過的牛奶。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網 http://top-shui.cn 轉載請注明出處
At first, I was skeptical about the raw milk story. Then I read this:
Map of State Laws on the Sale of Unpasteurized Cow's Milk, 2012–2019.
Apparently, it is possible to buy unpasteurized milk at retail in some states.
起初，我對生奶的故事持懷疑態(tài)度。然后我讀到了這個：
《2012–2019年各州未巴氏消毒牛奶銷售法律圖》
顯然，在某些州可以在零售商店購買未巴氏消毒的牛奶。
That said, the idea someone would fly a bottle of milk in a cold pack from the US to CN for shared diarrhea session is… bonkers.
這與我的常識相違，因為我被告知生奶可能含有病毒和細菌。而這正是巴氏消毒的目的。
不過，想象一下有人從美國用冷藏包將一瓶牛奶飛到中國以便共享腹瀉的想法是……瘋狂的。
So Americans drink raw milk
所以美國人喝生奶
It's not “raw” or “real” milk. It's pasteurized milk. Raw milk is a whole other can of worms.
Chinese can drink boiled milk with no issues, because the lactose in milk is broken down after boiling.
The taste between boiled and unboiled milk is also completely different. Packaged milk sold in China has a peculiar flavor that I don't particularly enjoy.
這不是“生奶”或“真正”的奶。它是巴氏消毒的奶。生奶是另一回事。
中國人可以喝煮過的奶而沒有問題，因為牛奶中的乳糖在煮沸后被分解了。
煮過的奶和未煮過的奶的味道也完全不同。中國銷售的包裝奶有一種我不特別喜歡的獨特味道。
Lactose isn't broken down with boiling
乳糖在煮沸時不會被分解
Same thing happened with bread back in Ireland. A friend of mine moved to Ireland and opened a French bakery, he made real French bread with French imported flour. Some people who claimed not being able to eat bread tried his and had NO ISSUE WHATSOEVER. super odd
在愛爾蘭也發(fā)生了類似的情況。我的一個朋友搬到愛爾蘭，開了一家法國面包店，他用進口的法國面粉制作真正的法國面包。有些聲稱不能吃面包的人嘗試了他的面包，卻沒有任何問題。非常奇怪
What a poor attempt at storytelling.
In the USA they don't sell raw milk in stores. Chinese cows give raw milk just like American cows.
Most people don't have peanut allergies so they can eat peanuts in China also.
真是一個糟糕的講故事嘗試。
在美國，他們的商店不賣生奶。中國的奶牛和美國的奶牛一樣也產生生奶。
大多數人沒有花生過敏，所以他們在中國也可以吃花生。
When people see the work hours that the Chinese put in they will soon move back.
當人們看到中國人工作的時間后，他們很快就會搬回去。
And in Japan, the hands can be used like a knife.
在日本，手可以像刀子一樣使用。
Well, in the UK parents are advised to introduce peanuts gradually to babies. Though, one aspect that increases peanut allergy risk is raw peanuts are more widely consumed here.
在英國，建議家長逐漸將花生引入嬰兒飲食中。然而，增加花生過敏風險的一個方面是生花生在這里的消費更為廣泛。
That's bullshit. I know a guy who grew up in China and he's always had a peanut allergy. There are lots of people in China with peanut allergies, it just isn't as common among Asian people as among Caucasian people, just like a lot of allergies and ailments affect some races and not others.
那是胡說八道。我認識一個在中國長大的家伙，他一直有花生過敏。中國有很多花生過敏的人，只是相比于白人，亞洲人中這種過敏不那么常見，就像許多過敏和疾病影響某些種族而不影響其他種族一樣。
Just remember - there’s no bill of rights in China.
請記住——中國沒有權利法案。
如果你做了他們不太認可的事，你會被從街上抓走，關進牢籠，沒人會記得你。如果你運氣好，有關心你并有能力的人會為你的釋放請愿，如果你的罪行不太嚴重，最終你會被釋放。
Tips: Something you should/shouldn’t do as a foreigner in China, for whatever reasons you’re being there:
提示：無論你因為什么原因在中國，作為外國人，有些事情你應該/不應該做：
不要購買/販賣毒品、雜草（指大麻）或可卡因之類的東西。你可能會被判死刑。他們對此非常嚴肅，即使你的總統也救不了你。
不要試圖煽動顏色革命和騷亂，就像你們在烏克蘭、香港（特區(qū)）、中東、東歐和南美所做的那樣。你將被關進監(jiān)獄大部分時間。他們對此同樣很嚴肅。
More important, don’t pretend to be a savior to Chinese people.
不要犯下任何諸如強奸、綁架、謀殺、縱火等罪行。你將為自己的行為受到相應的懲罰。
更重要的是，不要假裝是中國人民的救世主。
Be a good guy just as you’re in your country. Or troubles will find you.
更加重要的是，不要試圖教中國和中國人民該怎么做。你既不是上帝的使者，也不是正義的化身。
就像你在自己國家那樣做個好人。否則麻煩會找上你。
當你出國旅行時，做一個有禮貌的游客。這樣你會享受異國的體驗。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網 http://top-shui.cn 轉載請注明出處
Agree with ya. 1. We hated drug/drug abuses. Hundred year ago we can’t stop them. With the sacrifice of thousands and thousands of soldiers/ police life, we stop the drugs outside of our border. Again, we love our family and we hate drugs.
同意你的觀點。1. 我們憎恨毒品/毒品濫用。百年前我們無法阻止它們。通過犧牲成千上萬的士兵/警察生命，我們將毒品阻止在邊境之外。我們愛我們的家人并且憎恨毒品。
There are definitely people in China that do have peanut allergies, but you are right, they are less common than in the US, even though peanut consumption is comparable between China and the US. One possible reason for the lower rates of allergies in China may be that peanuts eaten in China typically are boiled or fried - whereas in the US they are typically dry-roasted or in the form of peanut butter (and still roasted).
中國肯定有人對花生過敏，但你是對的，這種情況比美國少見，盡管中國和美國的花生消費量相當。中國過敏率較低的一個可能原因可能是，在中國吃的花生通常是煮的或油炸的，而在美國，花生通常是干烤的或以花生醬的形式（而且仍然是烤的）。
實驗室研究表明，生產花生醬和干烤花生所需的加工溫度較高，會導致花生蛋白的致敏性增加。由于煮或煎花生是在較低溫度下進行的，因此花生比烤花生的過敏性相對較低。這可能是一個可能的解釋。
事實上，對于為什么這個人對花生過敏而這個人沒有花生過敏，目前還沒有真正可靠的答案，但科學家們正在越來越接近弄清楚這個問題。還有其他理論，例如衛(wèi)生假說，該假說意味著，因為在美國，我們生活在一個衛(wèi)生的世界（一切滅菌）
我們的身體不會接觸到可能導致疾病的東西，因此免疫系統“重新設定”以應被視為正常的食物（即花生、貓等食物）此外，今年早些時候的一項研究 (LEAP) 指出，當兒童在生命早期（之前）接觸花生蛋白時，11個月）他們發(fā)生過敏的可能性較小。你可以從美國兒科學會改變建議，即嬰兒在2歲或3歲之前不要接觸高過敏性食物（例如花生）的建議中看出這種相關性 - 食物過敏急劇增加。
由于 LEAP 研究，他們推翻了這一建議，現在聲明父母應該在孩子生命早期引入這些食物，以幫助避免孩子出現食物過敏。我不確定中國的做法是什么，但假設這種延遲引入花生的做法在其他國家并不像在美國那樣常見。
If it’s because of Hygiene, why lactose intolerance is low in US, on the other hand high in China? I think it’s because that peanuts is common in Chinese traditional food, like milk in US. More people grow the tolerance of them, roasted peanuts and peanut jam are actually very common in the Chinese food menu.
如果是因為衛(wèi)生原因，為什么乳糖不耐癥在美國很低，而在中國卻很高？我認為這是因為花生在中國傳統食品中很常見，就像美國的牛奶一樣。更多的人對它們的容忍度也隨之提高，烤花生和花生醬其實在中餐菜單中很常見。
Excellent answer! I've also read the since many Chinese follow TCM traditions that diagnosing peanut allergies is much more difficult.
很好的答案！我還讀到，由于許多中國人遵循中醫(yī)傳統，診斷花生過敏要困難得多。
i hear if you got peanut allegy. by comsumming small ammond would lost the allergy. since Chinese use peanut oil maybe????????????
我聽說你是否有花生過敏。服用小杏仁就會消除過敏。因為中國人可能用花生油？？？？？？？？？？？？
Some allergists are doing oral immunotherapy for peanuts, and many trials for multiple allergens. They basically don’t “l(fā)ose” the allergy, they just build up a tolerance to a certain amount of peanuts.
一些過敏癥專家正在對花生進行口服免疫療法，并對多種過敏原進行許多試驗。他們基本上不會“失去”過敏，只是建立了對一定量花生的耐受性。
然后，患者必須繼續(xù)定期吃花生，以保持耐受性，以免出現反應。很多人說，其實花生油是高度精煉的，所以大多數對花生過敏的人仍然可以安全地食用花生油。
所以我不認為是這樣，但確實有一個理論認為，年輕時接觸花生的人發(fā)生過敏的機會較小，也許如果中國人在嬰兒時期使用大量花生油或花生食物，然后它可以幫助他們完全避免過敏。
Yes, I do like the Hygiene Hypothesis that I first learned about in pharmacy school back in the late 80s. It really explains my allergies/asthma/AI disease. I had such bad allergic asthma that my pediatrician told my mom to keep my bedroom pretty much sterile. That in the long run probably didn’t help me at all.
是的，我確實喜歡 80 年代末在藥房學校第一次學到的衛(wèi)生假說。它確實解釋了我的過敏/哮喘/人工智能疾病。我患有嚴重的過敏性哮喘，以至于我的兒科醫(yī)生告訴我媽媽要保持我的臥室保持無菌。從長遠來看，這可能對我沒有任何幫助。
I don’t think I have a peanut allergy but peanut butter and peanuts dry or roasted I have no issues never did, but I do have some issues with peanut oil , sesame oil, and soybeans. If it’s a dry peanut oil not issue but the abstracted oil especially sesame oil I have big issues with
我不認為我對花生過敏，但花生醬和干花生或烤花生我從來沒有遇到過任何問題，但我對花生油、芝麻油和大豆確實有一些問題。如果是干花生油不是問題，但提取油尤其是芝麻油我有很大問題
Never the way Chinese people make their food is so much better then American Thai or American attempt to make it
中國人做食物的方式從來沒有比美國泰國人或美國人做的更好
This makes so much sense because peanut oil is widely used in Chinese foods.
這很有意義，因為花生油廣泛用于中國食品中。
I don't have the facts to back up the reason for China having very little to do with allergies, however, I can tell you why it's such a problem in the USA.
我沒有足夠的證據來支持中國幾乎沒有過敏現象的原因，但我可以告訴你為什么在美國過敏問題如此嚴重。
多年來，關于食物過敏的原因有很多理論。其中一個看起來最可信的原因，很可能是中國和其他國家過敏少的原因。
在以色列，有一個笑話說，幼兒學會的前三個詞是“阿爸”（爸爸）、“伊瑪”（媽媽）和“班巴”（一種花生零食）。原因是，在以色列，父母給孩子吃的第一種真正的食物就是班巴。事實上，花生在以色列是主要的食品產業(yè)之一。
然而，重點是，與以色列不同，美國和其他國家對給孩子吃花生有規(guī)定。當花生過敏首次在美國變得普遍時，醫(yī)生認為最好盡可能長時間不讓孩子吃花生，直到認為安全后再嘗試。因此，過敏在孩子中變得更常見，因為他們被長時間禁止接觸，從而讓他們的免疫系統認為這是“禁食”。
與此同時，在以色列和可能中國，孩子們在很小的時候就接觸到了花生，這使得他們的免疫系統將其識別為非威脅，因此不會觸發(fā)過敏反應。
基于這項研究，醫(yī)生和研究人員開始意識到他們以前的方法可能不正確，并決定稍微調整規(guī)定。現在醫(yī)生建議在孩子更小的時候就開始接觸花生，以防止食物過敏的發(fā)生。
I was born in China and moved to California at age 6. I visit China several times a year now —- I NEVER see any advertisements about “No MSG” or “_____ free” (fill in the blank with lactose, peanut, blah blah blah…) either in restaurants or packaging in China.
我在中國出生，6歲時搬到加州?，F在我每年會去中國幾次——我在中國從未見過關于“無味精”或“_____ 無”（比如乳糖、花生等）的廣告，無論是在餐館還是包裝上。
你的回答聽起來很有道理，因為我的父母和其他中國父母傾向于從很小的時候就讓孩子吃他們正在吃的任何東西。
Thanks. I appreciate the response.
謝謝。我很感謝你的回復。