為什么印度的海灘那么臟？
Why are beaches in India so dirty?
譯文簡介
網(wǎng)友：我最近第一次去孟買旅行，想著既然它位于阿拉伯海沿岸，就應(yīng)該選擇一個海景酒店！花了十萬盧比（為了我5天的旅行），我在珠瑚JW萬豪酒店（Juhu Marriott Hotel）定了一間非常好的房間。我早上5點到達酒店，直接去高樓層的早餐休息室，希望能欣賞到海灘上日出時的迷人藍綠色海水......
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So I was visiting Mumbai for the first time recently and thought it is at the coast of the Arabian sea so I must get a beach view hotel!
Hundred thousand rupees later (for my 5 day trip) I got myself one of the fine rooms at the Juhu Marriot Hotel.
I arrived there at 5 am and went straight to the breakfast lounge located at the higher floors to be treated with the fascinating blue-green water as the sunrise gently sheds its light over the beach.
As the sky lit up i was treated to this view! Behold…
我最近第一次去孟買旅行，想著既然它位于阿拉伯海沿岸，就應(yīng)該選擇一個海景酒店！
花了十萬盧比（為了我5天的旅行），我在珠瑚JW萬豪酒店（Juhu Marriott Hotel）定了一間非常好的房間。
我早上5點到達酒店，直接去高樓層的早餐休息室，希望能欣賞到海灘上日出時的迷人藍綠色海水。
然而，當天空漸漸亮起時，我卻看到這樣一幅景象！瞧瞧……
A pile of shit. As the sun rose higher, my disappointment rose even higher.
After investigation I found out that the cities don't use sewage treatment plants in India and deem it too expensive. Hence, dump all the waste straight into the sea. You can see in the picture above that the sea does start to get into its original colour 15-20 km away from the coast.
一堆垃圾。隨著太陽升得更高，我的失望也隨之加劇。
經(jīng)過調(diào)查，我發(fā)現(xiàn)印度的城市并沒有使用污水處理廠，認為這太貴了。因此，所有的廢物都直接傾倒進海里。你可以看到上面的照片中，海水在離海岸15-20公里處開始恢復(fù)原來的顏色。
Anyways, the brown water seems to be a socio-economic problem and doesn't look to be solved anytime in the near future.
我后來也去了海灘，那里垃圾多到我一生中從未見過的程度！
總之，棕色的水似乎是一個社會經(jīng)濟問題，近期內(nèi)似乎沒有解決的跡象。
I felt so sorry for you though . Since birth, i lived in Fort area of Mumbai and vicinity to the sea is obviously very close to me. Marine drive to the other side and Gateway of India to the other side. There has been a water treatment once for a month and that was the only time i saw the water so freaking clean. I never saw water so blue and could be visible some 10–15 metres deep. And then again, the treatment got vanished and the water has been the same color as I've seen from my childhood (brown as hell).
我對你看到的感到很抱歉。從出生起，我就住在孟買的Fort地區(qū)，靠近大海對我來說非常親近。海濱大道在另一邊，印度門戶通往另一邊。曾經(jīng)有一個月的水處理，那是我唯一一次看到水如此干凈。我從未見過如此湛藍的水，可以看到大約10-15米深。然而，處理結(jié)束后，水質(zhì)又恢復(fù)了我從小看到的顏色（非常渾濁）。
Looks absolutely disgusting. And some people there use the ocean as a toilet. Yuck! I would not go in any body of water over there. Just totally gross and no respect for Mother nature in India.
看起來完全令人惡心。有些人甚至把海洋當成廁所。真惡心！我絕對不會去那里的任何水體。完全是垃圾，對自然母親沒有一點尊重。
You should visit some beach on South Goa or Andaman Islands or Konkan coast or all the from Vizag to Trivendrum in the East coast if you want to see clear blue sea and pristine white sand beaches.
Obviously you won't see any blue waters in the shores of the biggest city in India. Besides, the coast line near Mumbai, all the way upto Gujarat, Daman has black sand because of its mineral content. That makes the water appear brown in colour.
如果你想看到清澈的藍色海水和原始的白色沙灘，可以去南果阿、安達曼群島、康坎海岸，東海岸從Vizag到Trivendrum的所有海灘。顯然，你不會在印度最大城市的海岸看到藍色水域。此外，孟買附近的海岸線，一直到古吉拉特、達曼，由于礦物質(zhì)含量高，沙灘是黑色的，這使得水看起來是棕色的。
Beaches in Mumbai have black sediments. And due to so much water flowing in from rivers, the sediments get deposited and hence the brown colour. Research before you answer :)
孟買的海灘有黑色沉積物。由于河水流入，大量沉積物被沉積，因此水呈現(xiàn)棕色。在回答之前請做些研究。
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Thats because all wastes dumps into the sea only , however in Goa I got pure blue water . In an island near goa , the water turned tortoise blue . Only some parts of India face this problem . South beaches are just perfect
這是因為所有的廢物都直接排入大海。然而，在果阿，我看到的是純藍色的水。在果阿附近的一個島嶼上，水變成了龜藍色。只有印度的某些地方存在這個問題。南部的海灘簡直完美。
People who are so proud of Mumbai must see this.Mumbai has nothing that make it so expensive. It is dirty (except some places),crowded, worst sewage system and have biggest slum,which is i think is the biggest point of concern because mumbai get highest amount of taxes and still there is so much poverty and undeveloped.
那些對孟買如此自豪的人應(yīng)該看看這個。孟買沒有任何東西能讓它如此昂貴。它很臟（除了少數(shù)地方），擁擠，排污系統(tǒng)很糟糕，還有最大的貧民窟，我認為這是最讓人擔(dān)憂的，因為孟買繳納了最高的稅收，但仍然有如此嚴重的貧困和不發(fā)達。
Its about demand and supply. The biggest and the richest people of india want to own real estate here and so the prices are always at the top! Also, the freedom you get here is unseen in any other part of india which is what the rich people want. You gotta live here to understand it.
這關(guān)系到供需關(guān)系。印度最富有的人想要在這里擁有房地產(chǎn)，所以價格總是居高不下！此外，這里擁有的自由在印度其他地方無法見到，這也是富人想要的。你必須生活在這里才能理解。
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Mumbai isn't expensive due to beach. It's due to it's economy. If Mumbai gets taxes then it also pays taxes. I can assure you than slums in Mumbai are safer than posh areas in cities like delhi, even at night
孟買之所以昂貴不是因為海灘，而是因為它的經(jīng)濟。如果孟買繳納稅收，那么它也在支付稅收。我可以向你保證，孟買的貧民窟比德里的豪華區(qū)域更安全，即使在晚上。
The biggest reason is Maharashtra has the most black soil in India. The sediments from rivers get deposited near the coasts. This has been happening for centuries.
Other small reason is Mumbai was the most industrialised area since the British age. Even after independence congress didn’t put any laws into action. Everything was being dumped.
now new laws are enacted, but don’t expect anything to change, because it’s naturally dark water due to sediments deposited throughout centuries.
最大的原因是馬哈拉施特拉邦擁有印度最多的黑土。河流中的沉積物會在海岸附近沉積，這種情況已經(jīng)持續(xù)了幾個世紀。另一個小原因是孟買在英國時代就是最工業(yè)化的地區(qū)。即使在獨立后，國大黨也沒有實施任何法律，一切都被傾倒?，F(xiàn)在新法律已經(jīng)頒布，但不要指望有什么改變，因為由于沉積物的沉積，水自然是黑色的。
Indian society relies on women to clean. You often see this in local Indian shops - if a child spills something or is sick then if the parent accompanying them is a woman she will 99% of the time be expected to clean it up. If that parent is a man they will often be waved off and a female employee will be brought out to clean. This happens even in big cities like Mumbai, Ahmedaband, Bangalore.
Until men become as responsible for cleaning as women India will remain a dirty country.
印度社會依賴女性進行清潔。你經(jīng)常會在當?shù)赜《壬痰昕吹竭@種情況——如果孩子弄灑了東西或生病了，如果陪同他們的家長是女性，她99%會被期望去清理。如果陪同者是男性，通常會被打發(fā)走，女性員工會被請出來清理。這種情況甚至在孟買、艾哈邁達巴德、班加羅爾等大城市也存在。直到男性承擔(dān)與女性一樣的清潔責(zé)任，印度才會變得更干凈。
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It is because mainly of the mindset of indians . As an Indian , I find it quite disgusting that people think that they can make the cities look dirty . The other reason maybe is the population density . The size of USA is thrice the size of India whereas the population of USA is 32 crores and India's population is 135 crores !!!!! . So it maybe very difficult to provide educational , healthcare opportunities , to the whole population . It's almost impossible . So there are two main reasons according to me to make india a clean country :-
這主要是由于印度人的思維方式。作為一名印度人，我覺得很惡心，人們竟然認為可以讓城市變得骯臟。另一個原因可能是人口密度。美國的面積是印度的三倍，而美國的人口是3.2億，印度的人口是13.5億！因此，為整個印度人口提供教育和醫(yī)療機會可能非常困難，幾乎是不可能的。根據(jù)我個人的看法，要讓印度成為一個干凈的國家，有兩個主要原因：
Start hefty fines like in USA - My cousin lives in USA . He told me that if people in USA litter in the streets then they will be fined heavily . Almost 100 dollars which is 7500 converted to Indian rupees . USA is a role model for India to follow in this case .
教育——印度的學(xué)生和大眾往往認為保持國家清潔是別人的工作。這種極端的思維方式導(dǎo)致了現(xiàn)在的情況。
設(shè)立高額罰款，如同美國——我表弟住在美國。他告訴我，如果美國的人在街上亂扔垃圾，他們會被重罰，罰款幾乎是100美元，相當于7500印度盧比。在這方面，美國可以作為印度的榜樣。
I think India should take lessons from japan education system to start teaching kids about cleanliness and environmental hygiene. I live in auckland, New Zealand, the biggest city in the country, south Auckland is notoriously known for being dirtier compared to other suburbs in the country, and a lot of immigrants from india live there, i’ve seen litters flying on the footpaths and they don’t even care to just pick it up and help clean the environment. Whereas other suburban area in the north of Auckland is known for having a lot of immigrants from Korea, you can see the suburbs are a lot cleaner and when they see a rubbish on the footpath, they will pick it up and throw it into the bin at home.
我認為印度應(yīng)該借鑒日本的教育系統(tǒng)，從小教導(dǎo)孩子們關(guān)于清潔和環(huán)境衛(wèi)生的知識。我住在新西蘭奧克蘭，國家最大的城市，南奧克蘭因比其他郊區(qū)更臟而臭名昭著，那里有很多來自印度的移民。我看到人行道上有垃圾，他們甚至不愿意撿起來幫助清理環(huán)境。而奧克蘭北部的其他郊區(qū)有很多來自韓國的移民，你可以看到那些郊區(qū)更干凈，當他們看到人行道上的垃圾時，會撿起來放進家里的垃圾桶里。
You can improve by simply encouraging the people around you and yourself to be aware of where they throw their rubbish outdoors. People don't care and sternly believe it's others responsibility to take care of their surrounding environments, which is why India is so filthy and polluted. Indians don't care. You have to change the culture by making them care.
你可以通過鼓勵你周圍的人和自己注意戶外垃圾的處理來改善情況。人們不在乎，堅信清理環(huán)境是別人的責(zé)任，這也是印度如此骯臟和污染的原因。印度人不在乎。你必須通過讓他們關(guān)心來改變這種文化。
Because India is contaminated country. And indian coast lines are fully impurity and filled with dust and plastic and oils .this is the reason why indian beaches not blue
因為印度是一個污染嚴重的國家。印度的海岸線完全受到污染，充滿了灰塵、塑料和油污。這就是為什么印度的海灘不是藍色的原因。
An attempt to understand the problem is half the solution itself
Not only our beaches, but also our rivers, schools, colleges, offices, roads, railway station, bus stops, are all dirty. why is it so that wherever we go, it becomes dirty ?
Forgive me for being so self-critical, but we Indians are dirty. we keep our homes dirty, so our societies and localities are dirty, so our districts are dirty then our states are dirty and comprehensively our country is dirty.
嘗試理解問題本身就是解決問題的一半。不僅是我們的海灘，我們的河流、學(xué)校、大學(xué)、辦公室、道路、火車站、公交車站，都是臟的。為什么無論我們?nèi)ツ睦?，地方都會變臟？
請原諒我這么自我批評，但我們印度人確實很臟。我們把自己的家弄臟，所以我們的社會和地方也很臟，然后我們的地區(qū)、州和整個國家都是臟的。
我們實際上并不理解清潔，因為我們從不打掃。我們總是看著別人（我們的母親、家政服務(wù)員、城市管理部門）為我們清潔，所以我們從未把清潔視為自己的責(zé)任，總是把責(zé)任推給別人。
I think this is the right time to do so.
Happy cleaning !!
我們上一次清理自己的房間、廁所和院子是什么時候？我們上一次清理辦公室或?qū)W校的桌子是什么時候？
我認為現(xiàn)在是時候做這些事情了。
祝清潔愉快！
In our present situation our ELECTED KEY STAKE-OWNERS or ELECTED POLITICAL LEADERS who represents us should feel the need. As they can ask local municipality or can take them to task. But the question is why same is not happening ?
After all, we as citizens exchange our tax money for these services which are in-fact budgeted, allocated and spent every year but we still don’t see our cities and beaches clean.
在我們目前的狀況下，我們選舉產(chǎn)生的關(guān)鍵利益相關(guān)者或政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人應(yīng)該感受到這一點。因為他們可以要求地方政府采取行動或者追究責(zé)任。但問題是，為什么這種情況沒有發(fā)生？
畢竟，我們作為公民用我們的稅錢換取這些服務(wù)，這些服務(wù)實際上每年都有預(yù)算、分配和支出，但我們?nèi)匀豢床坏轿覀兊某鞘泻秃┳兏蓛簟?/b>
These flawed policies over time have created environment where these issues don’t matter. They would rather laugh at these ideas as they have lived and suffered in dirty, broken and unstructured India for far too long. Now, problem gets compounded as change seems difficult as no one believes things could turn around.
好吧，現(xiàn)在來了一個大家不喜歡的真相。我們有很大比例的人口處于生存模式。這可能是由于我們政府的政策有缺陷，或者我認為，這些有缺陷的政策實際上幫助了政治階層在獨立后統(tǒng)治印度，并維持了這個比例。隨著時間的推移，這些有缺陷的政策創(chuàng)造了一個這些問題不重要的環(huán)境。他們寧愿嘲笑這些想法，因為他們在骯臟、破碎和無序的印度生活和受苦太久了?，F(xiàn)在，問題更加復(fù)雜，因為改變似乎很困難，沒有人相信事情會好轉(zhuǎn)。
Hopefully then, there will come a time when you get a frxwork which would give you - the citizens the controls to take inefficient ministries, departments, public servants,… to task.
我看到的唯一辦法是，當你和志同道合的人開始提出這些問題時。如果越來越多的人提出相同的問題并要求稅錢的問責(zé)制，像你這樣的人和其他人會看到這些有缺陷的系統(tǒng)，不再容忍低標準的治理。希望那時，你們會有一個框架，賦予公民控制權(quán)，追究無效的部門、機構(gòu)和公務(wù)員的責(zé)任。
Hahahaha. What are you even talking about? When only 2.8% pay tax, even if all those 2.8% start shouting and demanding where our tax money is going, we will sound like a pin drop in a war zone.
哈哈哈，你在說什么呢？即使那2.8%的人都開始大喊大叫，要求了解我們的稅錢去哪兒了，我們的聲音也會像戰(zhàn)區(qū)中的一聲微弱的針落聲一樣不起眼。
Untreated waste being dumped directly into the sea, .. the floating waste gets washed ashore.
Slums and shanties everywhere - direct polluters
Administrators fearing public - political backlash for strict action
Lack of proper redressal systems - personal experience , read below
Basic disregard for cleanliness
I do agree that civic sense is poor, but there are a good number of people willing to do their bit to improve their surroundings. The problem is with the way policies are designed, and to be honest , power is not shared with the citizens.
未處理的廢物直接排入海中，漂浮的廢物被沖到岸上。到處都是貧民窟和簡陋的棚屋——直接污染者。管理者擔(dān)心公眾——政治反彈，不敢采取嚴格措施。缺乏有效的投訴系統(tǒng)——個人經(jīng)歷，見下文。對清潔的基本漠視。我同意市民意識很差，但有相當多的人愿意改善他們的周圍環(huán)境。問題在于政策的設(shè)計方式，說實話，權(quán)力沒有交給公民。
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Surprisingly , the RTI filing procedure was simple.. almost as easy as opening a facebook account.
Lets see what response i get within the next 30 days.
今天我在提交信息公開申請，想了解關(guān)于在馬哈拉施特拉州違反塑料禁令的零售商的投訴程序。谷歌的搜索結(jié)果令人震驚。政府只允許某些‘非政府組織’和‘市政官員’提出投訴。為什么普通公民不能投訴？公眾投訴系統(tǒng)在哪里？這真的令人失望。令人驚訝的是，RTI（信息公開）申請程序很簡單，幾乎像開一個 Facebook 賬戶一樣簡單。讓我們看看在接下來的30天內(nèi)會收到什么回復(fù)。
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The cleanliness of beaches in India can be attributed to several interconnected factors:
印度海灘的清潔問題可以歸因于幾個相互關(guān)聯(lián)的因素：
Urbanization and Development: Rapid urbanization and development along coastal areas can lead to increased pollution. Construction activities, along with the influx of people, can contribute to waste being washed into the ocean.
亂扔垃圾和廢物管理：由于廢物管理系統(tǒng)不足，許多海灘都存在大量垃圾。游客和當?shù)厝私?jīng)常留下塑料、食物垃圾和其他雜物，這些垃圾會很快堆積起來。
城市化和發(fā)展：沿海地區(qū)的快速城市化和發(fā)展會導(dǎo)致污染加劇。建筑活動以及人口的涌入會導(dǎo)致垃圾被沖入海洋。
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Limited Environmental Awareness: There is often a lack of awareness and education regarding environmental conservation and the impact of pollution. Many people may not understand the importance of keeping beaches clean.
Tourism Pressure: Popular tourist destinations can become overcrowded, leading to more litter and strain on local infrastructure to manage waste effectively.
河流污染：印度的許多河流將污染物（包括工業(yè)廢物和未經(jīng)處理的污水）排入大海。這些污染物會沖刷海灘，使海灘變臟。
環(huán)保意識有限：人們往往缺乏環(huán)境保護和污染影響方面的意識和教育。許多人可能不理解保持海灘清潔的重要性。
旅游壓力：熱門旅游目的地可能會變得人滿為患，導(dǎo)致垃圾增多，當?shù)鼗A(chǔ)設(shè)施難以有效管理垃圾。
Efforts to improve beach cleanliness are ongoing, with various NGOs and government initiatives aimed at raising awareness, improving waste management, and promoting sustainable tourism practices.
政府和地方舉措：雖然一些海灘有清潔計劃，但效果可能大不相同。法規(guī)執(zhí)行不一致和清潔資金不足可能會阻礙進展。
改善海灘清潔度的努力正在進行中，各種非政府組織和政府舉措旨在提高認識、改善廢物管理并促進可持續(xù)旅游實踐。
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