關(guān)于印度的教育體系,人們應(yīng)該了解些什么?
What should one know about the Indian education system?譯文簡介
網(wǎng)友:人們正在使用數(shù)碼單反相機(DSLR),但在課程中,他們?nèi)匀唤淌卺樋紫鄼C的原理。我們這里也實行“開卷考試”的理念,但學(xué)生們常常私下里作弊,大多數(shù)學(xué)生的考試成績很大程度上取決于監(jiān)考老師的態(tài)度。我們學(xué)習(xí)的目的似乎是為了在考試中取得高分,而不是為了真正掌握知識或?qū)⑵鋺?yīng)用于實踐……
正文翻譯
What should one know about the Indian education system?
關(guān)于印度的教育體系,人們應(yīng)該了解些什么?
評論翻譯
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People are using digital single-lens reflex camera(DSLR) but still in the course curriculum,they teach pin hole camera.
We also follow here “Open book test” concept. But students do it secretly and most of the student’s examination status depends on the invigilator’s nature.
We are studying to get good grades in the examination,not to learn or implement.
Lab facility in the Govt. schools are terrible.
人們正在使用數(shù)碼單反相機(DSLR),但在課程中,他們?nèi)匀唤淌卺樋紫鄼C的原理。
我們這里也實行“開卷考試”的理念,但學(xué)生們常常私下里作弊,大多數(shù)學(xué)生的考試成績很大程度上取決于監(jiān)考老師的態(tài)度。
我們學(xué)習(xí)的目的似乎是為了在考試中取得高分,而不是為了真正掌握知識或?qū)⑵鋺?yīng)用于實踐。
政府學(xué)校的實驗室設(shè)施通常狀況不佳。
4 years of engineering-48 subjects. Seriously??? So generally most of the students enjoy their 4 years and study some suggestion based questions before the exam to just save their supplementary.
Innovation is appreciated but we are not encouraged for innovation and we don’t get financial support if needed.
Most of the teachers or professors in govt. school and college are idle because they are doing “govt. job”. So most of them don’t care about a student’s future.
在十年級之前,你幾乎學(xué)不到實質(zhì)性的內(nèi)容,大部分時間都在死記硬背。但在高中二年級,你突然需要掌握所有知識。
四年的工程學(xué)教育要學(xué)習(xí)48門科目,這真的有必要嗎?所以,大多數(shù)學(xué)生通常只是享受這四年的大學(xué)生活,然后在考試前突擊學(xué)習(xí)一些基于建議的問題,以勉強通過補考。
雖然創(chuàng)新受到贊賞,但我們并沒有得到鼓勵去創(chuàng)新,如果需要資金支持,也往往得不到。
在政府學(xué)校和學(xué)院中,許多教師和教授因為從事的是“政府職位”,所以往往顯得無所作為。因此,他們中的大多數(shù)人并不真正關(guān)心學(xué)生的未來。
There are very less opportunities for research work. They are not even giving stipend for research scholars properly. Govt. will not invest money. So generally the greatest minds of India,go to other countries and they develop things because they get proper environment there. And then we buy that thing with huge amount although that innovation could be done in India itself .
課程內(nèi)容并沒有實質(zhì)性的廣泛更新,僅僅是所用的關(guān)鍵詞有所變化。然而,你不得不購買新版的教科書,因為出版商只關(guān)心他們的商業(yè)利益。在印度,教育已經(jīng)變成了一種商業(yè)行為。
研究工作的機會非常稀缺。他們甚至沒有為研究學(xué)者提供足夠的生活津貼。政府不愿意在這方面投入資金。因此,印度許多最杰出的頭腦選擇前往其他國家,因為那里能提供更適宜的研究環(huán)境。結(jié)果,我們不得不以巨額資金購買他們的創(chuàng)新成果,盡管這些創(chuàng)新本可以在印度國內(nèi)完成。
Until and unless people start thinking that It’s not about business,it’s about nation’s future,this scene is not going to change.
富裕階層可以輕易購買學(xué)位,而勤奮且有才華的貧困學(xué)生卻無法獲得教育機會。
除非人們開始意識到教育不僅僅是一門生意,而是關(guān)乎國家的未來,否則這種狀況不會有所改變。
Great points. esp. 2 and 3
非常好的見解,尤其是第二點和第三點。
Thank you very much sir. :)
非常感謝您,先生。
Great point especially no 8
非常好的見解,特別是第八點。
Thank you very much
非常感謝您。
But its not about only govt education intitutions but private also!!
但問題不僅僅在于政府教育機構(gòu),私立學(xué)校也是如此!
Point 11 another way we can say reserved (rich) kid are buying degree and hard working meritorious general (poor) kids are not eligible for education.
第11點,我們可以這樣理解:那些享有特權(quán)(富有)的孩子正在通過金錢購買學(xué)位,而那些勤奮且成績優(yōu)異的普通(貧困)孩子卻因條件限制而無法獲得教育機會。
It’s my point of view only what i have seen around me. “Eligibility” depends on what is the scenario and it is a variable
這只是我個人的觀點,基于我周圍的觀察?!百Y格”取決于具體情況,它是可變的。
You also said true.
你說得對。
To be very polite,
Pin-hole camera is taught in classes 4th and/or 5th. Knowing the basics of optics is important rather than jumping to advanced stuff.
Rutherford Model of an Atom and Bohr's Model have been disproved. Even so, they're taught before Schrodinger Wave Equation. Why not introduce Schrodinger in class 9th rather than teaching electrons revolve in circular orbits or Dalton's Theory which says atoms are indivisible?
非??蜌獾卣f,
在四五年級的課程中,我們會教授針孔相機的原理。掌握光學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)知識比直接學(xué)習(xí)高級概念更為關(guān)鍵。
盡管盧瑟福的原子模型和玻爾的模型已經(jīng)被證明是錯誤的,但這些內(nèi)容仍然在薛定諤波動方程之前教授。為什么不在九年級就直接介紹薛定諤波動方程,而不是繼續(xù)教授電子在圓形軌道上的運動,或者道爾頓的原子不可分割理論呢?
To be very polite, I am from west bengal board.In class 4th and 5th I didnot know properly what optics is..And if so, then why do we learn C or java.before that we all should start with abacus or basic or cobol..but we don't use it so that we don't study…..It is important to upgrade yourself.knowing the basic ..I think no need to know the detailed history of that thing..other wise you will feel nostalgic only..not advanced.
非常禮貌地說,我來自西孟加拉邦委員會。在四五年級時,我對光學(xué)并不了解。如果真是這樣,那我們學(xué)習(xí)C語言或Java之前,難道不應(yīng)該先從算盤或基礎(chǔ)編程語言如COBOL開始嗎?但我們不使用這些,所以我們不學(xué)……重要的是要提升自己,了解基礎(chǔ)知識……我認為沒有必要了解事物的詳細歷史。否則,你只會感到懷舊,而不是向前看。
That's a case of difference in curriculum. CBSE has QBASIC for classes 9th, 8th even now
這是一個課程設(shè)置的差異。中等教育中央委員會(CBSE)目前在九年級和八年級仍然教授QBASIC。
原創(chuàng)翻譯:龍騰網(wǎng) http://top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處
None of your points are justified in any sense.
你的任何觀點都沒有得到合理的支持。
I’m no one to give justification both in any “sense” or “nonsense”
我并不是要為任何“有道理”或“沒道理”的事情辯護。
Do you even know what's the purpose of pin hole?
It's the foundation of X ray and gamma ray cameras.
Unlike visible spectrum, gamma and X rays do not bend upon hitting the lens. That's why pin holes.
Not all cameras are supposed to have lenses.
Last time I remember, we were also taught lens ray diagrams in school.
Although I agree with rest of the points.
你真的了解針孔相機的原理嗎?
它是X射線和伽馬射線成像技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)。
與可見光不同,伽馬射線和X射線在遇到透鏡時不會發(fā)生折射。這就是針孔相機的用途所在。
并不是所有相機都必須配備鏡頭。
我記得上一次,我們在學(xué)校里也學(xué)習(xí)了透鏡光線圖。
盡管如此,我同意你提出的其他觀點。
No man,I am illiterate. I don't “even” know what is X-ray. I know only X-man. If I would have knowledge like you, I would be utilizing my knowledge and innovate things, I won't ask others what they don't “even” know..
不,朋友,我是文盲。我甚至不知道X射線是什么。我只知道X戰(zhàn)警。如果我有像你那樣的知識,我會利用我的知識去創(chuàng)新,而不是去問別人他們不知道的事情。
Okay, looking back I realize how shitty my comment post sounded. Basically I agree with all points you said. It's just that the little trivia triggered me off. Although that's no excuse for rudeness. Kudos to you too for keeping sane.
好吧,現(xiàn)在回想起來,我意識到我的評論有多糟糕?;旧衔彝饽阏f的所有觀點。只是那個小趣聞觸發(fā)了我。雖然這不是無禮的借口,也向你致敬,因為你保持了冷靜。
We work to build a proactive interest in students to learn with the motive of improving learning outcomes. Tablet-Based Smart ICT Lab by iDream Education is designed to improve the digital infrastructure of government schools. Some features of TABLAB that adds value to revamping government schooling are:
我們致力于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生積極主動的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,以提高學(xué)習(xí)成果。
iDream Education 設(shè)計的基于平板電腦的智能ICT實驗室,旨在改進政府學(xué)校的數(shù)字化基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。TABLAB的一些功能,為改造政府學(xué)校教育體系帶來了以下價值:
Increase student engagement through multiple categories of digital content such as videos, assessments and books
Capture student wise reports and helps teachers to understand their students better – their learning habits, interests and learning levels
通過提供離線學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容,減少對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的依賴。
通過視頻、評估和書籍等多種形式的數(shù)字內(nèi)容,增加學(xué)生的參與度。
通過收集學(xué)生報告,幫助教師更深入地了解學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣、興趣和水平。
I'm not in the education sector, but my best friend teaches Physics in Bimbel (extra-education business) as his part-time job since he was a university student so far when he already graduated from college to fill his time while waiting for his next study in INSA or UI (depends on which scholarship he get).
雖然我不在教育領(lǐng)域工作,但我最好的朋友在一家補習(xí)機構(gòu)(Bimbel)兼職教授物理。從他還是大學(xué)生起,直到現(xiàn)在大學(xué)畢業(yè),他都在利用等待印度國家科學(xué)院或UI(取決于他獲得哪項獎學(xué)金)的下一個學(xué)習(xí)階段的空閑時間來做這份工作。
我和他討論了我們教育體系存在的問題,我的看法與這里所有人的觀點相似,尤其是對于教育過于強調(diào)記憶而不是理解的問題。然而,他根據(jù)自己的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗向我解釋了這個問題:許多學(xué)生其實并不愿意去深入理解物理概念。如果他們試圖理解,反而會感到困惑,這會影響教學(xué)進度,而他的時間非常有限,教學(xué)日程也非常緊湊。如果他不按照既定的時間表來教學(xué),那么他將很難跟上學(xué)校的教學(xué)節(jié)奏。
"It's very difficult, he said "I got a very tight schedule and if I focused to show comprehension, the entire teaching process will hamper
因此,他說:“現(xiàn)在我明白了,老師們?yōu)槭裁磿娬{(diào)記憶而不是理解?!?我和他經(jīng)常討論這個問題,因為他從我們上大學(xué)開始就成為了我的室友。在成為物理老師的兼職工作之前,他確實認為印尼的教育體系過于強調(diào)記憶,但現(xiàn)在他對這種情況有了不同的看法。
“這真的很難,”他說,“我的時間表非常緊張,如果我專注于講解理解,整個教學(xué)過程就會受到影響。”
it's not education or teachers directly favor memorization, but an excessive amount of subject or too tight schedule reduces the time for the teacher to show proper comprehension. Besides that, do not forget about students themselves, my friend said that not every student wants to review hard. There are always 'the clown' who adore to jokes around in teaching process. the brilliant ones are going to be ready to understand easily, but 'the clown' and his/her minions will have a difficult time to follow.
I just want to share a different perspective supported by my friend's first-hand experience in teaching on this particular thing which is just too focused on memorization. I hope we will solve the matter.
“這可能會影響整個教學(xué)計劃?!?我意識到,并不是教育體系或教師本身偏好記憶式教學(xué),而是過多的課程內(nèi)容或過于緊湊的時間表限制了教師進行深入講解的時間。此外,別忘了學(xué)生自己的態(tài)度,我的朋友提到,并非所有學(xué)生都愿意刻苦復(fù)習(xí)??傆幸恍┫矚g在課堂上搗亂的“小丑”,他們的存在會讓教學(xué)過程變得復(fù)雜。那些優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生自然能夠輕松理解,但“小丑”及其追隨者們卻很難跟上。
我想分享的是一種不同的觀點,這是我朋友在教學(xué)實踐中親身經(jīng)歷的,特別是在那些過于強調(diào)記憶的特定情況下,我希望我們能夠解決這個問題。
What is your opinion about indonesia's education system?
Well, even I am not in educational sector, I like to monitor education sector as it is one of significant-impact sector.
Without further ado, let’s start.
你對印度尼西亞的教育體系有何看法?
雖然我不是教育領(lǐng)域的從業(yè)者,但我對教育領(lǐng)域很感興趣,因為它是一個影響深遠的行業(yè)。
讓我們直接進入主題。
As other Asian country, Indonesian use rote memorization rather than critical thinking. Rote memorization can be adequate in elementary or lower primary, but it is clearly inadequate for upper primary, secondary and tertiary education. It is a big problem in Indonesian education.
缺乏批判性思維,過度依賴機械記憶
和許多亞洲國家一樣,印度尼西亞的教育體系更側(cè)重于機械記憶而非批判性思維的培養(yǎng)。在小學(xué)或低年級階段,機械記憶或許還足夠,但在高年級、中學(xué)乃至高等教育階段,這種方式顯然是不夠的。這是印度尼西亞教育面臨的一個重大問題。
Too general, so broad but less depth
印度尼西亞的教育體系,從評估的角度來看,更注重于記憶而不是布魯姆(Bloom)分類法中的“理解”層面。布魯姆分類法中的其他層面,如應(yīng)用、分析、評價和創(chuàng)造,通常在教育實踐中很少被觸及。
教育內(nèi)容過于寬泛,缺乏深度
a. confusion of education and career route and choice
b. nothing to expert feeling
在初中(9年級)之前,印度尼西亞的教育內(nèi)容廣泛而籠統(tǒng)。到了高中(10至12年級),雖然有分科,但學(xué)生在選擇分科時并不靈活(至少在2013年的課程改革之前是這樣)。這種模式帶來了一些問題,例如:
a. 對教育和職業(yè)路徑選擇的混淆
b. 感覺不夠?qū)I(yè)、也不精通
Too proud: Disconnection and Island Mentality
In Indonesia, teacher is one of respectable profession although it was one of less-paid profession (and recently get better). However, some of teachers have narrow-view, such as “others did not have degree in education so others know nothing about education”. This thinking in education sector made the Indonesian education sector in pit.
大多數(shù)學(xué)校并不珍視學(xué)生的天賦和特殊才能。最可能的原因是出于社會公平的考慮,以至于每個人都必須接受相同的教育內(nèi)容。然而,教育不應(yīng)該是這樣的。
過于自負:缺乏聯(lián)系和孤島心態(tài)
在印尼,教師職業(yè)雖然曾經(jīng)是薪酬較低的行業(yè)之一(盡管最近有所改善),但仍然是一個受人尊敬的職業(yè)。然而,一些教師持有狹隘的觀點,比如認為“其他人沒有教育學(xué)位,所以對教育一無所知”。這種教育領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的思維導(dǎo)致了印尼教育體系的孤立和閉塞。
正如世界上的一切事物一樣,每一個系統(tǒng)都可以分為輸入、過程和輸出三個部分。在教育體系中,大多數(shù)的輸出將在教育體系之外被應(yīng)用(畢竟,大多數(shù)人最終并沒有成為教師,對吧?)。因此,教育體系特別需要來自外部的反饋(……如果可能的話,還包括參與),尤其是在教育內(nèi)容的制定上。遺憾的是,這種思維模式阻礙了教育系統(tǒng)的其他用戶更好地利用這一體系,并為輸出做好準備。
Lack Evidence-based Education
I like to compare Indonesian curriculum (syllabus) to Singaporean. I usually see that Indonesian curriculum lack of citation and reference than Singaporean one. Thus, we can imply that Indonesian educational policy most likely without bases (however, new Curriculum 2013 started to use citation and means started to use evidence).
請注意:這里并不是對教師的教學(xué)能力提出質(zhì)疑,但為了改進,我們需要來自最終用戶的反饋,不是嗎?
缺乏以證據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)的教育方法。
我喜歡將印尼的課程大綱與新加坡的進行比較。通常,我發(fā)現(xiàn)印尼的課程大綱在引用和參考資料方面不如新加坡的詳盡。因此,我們可以推斷,印尼的教育政策很可能缺乏實證基礎(chǔ)(盡管2013年的新課程開始引入引用,這表明開始采用基于證據(jù)的方法)。