歷史上日本為什么要襲擊珍珠港(一)
This is how Japan attacked Pearl Harbor according to flat earthers譯文簡介
珍珠港歷史
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Well no wonder they kamikazed.....they knew they didn’t have enough fuel to make it back
難怪他們是自殺式攻擊……因?yàn)樗麄冎浪麄儧]有足夠的燃料回去了
You joke, but that's also true. In order to make sure they went through with a kamikaze they were only given enough fuel to make it there and they were hopped up on meth.
WWII was fucked.
我覺的你在說笑,不過這也是真的,為了確保這些飛行員變成自殺式襲擊,日本飛行員被注射了冰DU,飛機(jī)也只有一次航程飛行的燃料。
二戰(zhàn)失敗了(日本)。
I used to think the same but that is actually a historical misconception that the kamikaze pilots only had enough fuel for one-way missions. Two reasons that’s wrong. One, especially true for army pilots insufficiently trained in over-water navigation, was they were often sent out to find targets — and couldn’t find them. If you did that only with enough fuel to reach the target area, you don’t incur any damage against the enemy, and you lose a pilot and the plane.
The other reason is that the bombs the planes carried were not particularly large. Thus, the damage a kamikaze plane could inflict on its target was greatly augmented by the fuel that it was carrying. It’s in effect a 4-ton Molotov cocktail. It would hit, the bomb would go off, and the fuel for the return trip turns into extra explosive charge — napalm, basically. It would spread fires far away from the point of impact, and wreak havoc on human flesh.
我過去也有同樣的觀點(diǎn),認(rèn)為神風(fēng)敢死隊(duì)的飛行員只有執(zhí)行單程任務(wù)的燃料,但這實(shí)際上只是歷史上的一個(gè)誤解。這是錯(cuò)誤的,原因有二。
第一個(gè)原因是,對于水上導(dǎo)航訓(xùn)練不足的陸軍飛行員來說,他們會經(jīng)常被派出去尋找海上目標(biāo),如果你只有一次航程燃料,等你到達(dá)目標(biāo)區(qū)域后很可能找不到敵人,你不僅不會對敵人造成任何傷害,你還會失去一個(gè)飛行員和一架飛機(jī)。
第二個(gè)原因是,(二戰(zhàn)時(shí))飛機(jī)攜帶的炸彈不大。因此,神風(fēng)敢死隊(duì)飛機(jī)所攜帶的燃料大大增加了它對目標(biāo)的傷害能力,實(shí)際上相當(dāng)于是4噸的莫洛托夫雞尾酒燃燒彈。飛機(jī)一旦被擊中,炸彈爆炸,返程的燃料會變成附加炸藥——凝固汽油彈,這會在撞擊點(diǎn)附近傳播大火,并造成嚴(yán)重破壞。
I just looked it up because I was curious, and you're right. Not only did they get sent off with a full tank of fuel, the planes were loaded with additional fuel to make a more significant explosion upon impact. So, saying they were sent without enough fuel for a return trip is the opposite of that actually happened.
我只是好奇才查找了一下,你說得對,這兩架飛機(jī)不僅滿載燃料起飛,還裝載了附加燃料,以便在撞擊時(shí)造成更大的爆炸。所以,說他們沒有足夠的燃料返回與事實(shí)完全不符。
There’s a lot of kamikazes that returned. They were sent up to find targets and if they didnt they returned.
OP has probably nothing more than a superficial passing knowledge
很多神風(fēng)敢死隊(duì)成員都回來了,他們被派上去尋找目標(biāo),如果沒有發(fā)現(xiàn),他們就會返回。
OP的成員可能沒有多少專業(yè)知識
The term kamikaze was actually a posthumous honorific, only given to pilots that hit a ship, the pilots that missed were not awarded the honorific and were just plain pilots that crashed into the sea
“神風(fēng)敢死隊(duì)”這個(gè)詞實(shí)際上是一種死后的榮譽(yù)稱號,只授予那些撞船的飛行員,那些沒這么做的飛行員并沒有被授予榮譽(yù)稱號,他們只是墜入大海(跳傘)的普通飛行員
Imagine shaving your head, drinking sake and preforming a ritual for good luck to sacrifice the day and the rest of your life for your country, only to be called a dumbass that crashed into the sea
想象一下,剃光頭,喝清酒,進(jìn)行“武士道”儀式,為你的國家犧牲生命,結(jié)果卻被稱為墜入大海的笨蛋……
Watashi returning? AGAIN? Weird, he never seems to find any enemies.
返回干什么?再來一次?奇怪,他似乎都沒有找到任何敵人。
Ah, that sentiment was pretty strong even with some American aviators.
If you're going to crash into the sea and probably die, may as well aim for a ship for maximum damage.
即使對美國飛行員來說,這種“敢死”情緒也是相當(dāng)震撼的。
因?yàn)槿绻阋驳胶@?,很可能會死,所以不妨直接瞄?zhǔn)一艘船,來制造最大的傷害。
Wanna talk about shorting fuel? Apollo 10 was a full mock up for 11 and nasa was nervous 10 would just go rogue and do it themselves since everyone on board was trained for a full mission so nasa shorted the lunar modules fuel.
想談?wù)勅加投倘钡膯栴}嗎?阿波羅10號是像11號一樣的完整模型,因?yàn)轱w船上的每個(gè)人都受過完整任務(wù)的訓(xùn)練,他們可以隨意動(dòng)手操控飛船,Nasa很緊張這樣做會增加失控風(fēng)險(xiǎn)(燃油爆炸),所以Nasa最終還是減少了登月艙的燃料。
原創(chuàng)翻譯:龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處
There is actually a record of a kamikaze that returned something like 9 times. Eventually they executed him for cowardice.
But yes, there were totally valid reasons to come back alive.
Mechanical failure
Mission accomplished after the first strike
Weather
Target not located etc.etc.
They were a valuable resource to Japan, and they didn't want to waste them. That being said they were often given things so they didn't think too hard on their impending doom.
實(shí)際上有一個(gè)完整的自殺飛行記錄,這架飛機(jī)返回了大約9次,最后,日本以怯懦的罪名處決了飛行員。
但是,我們有活著回來的充分理由。
機(jī)械故障
第一次襲擊任務(wù)完成
天氣原因
目標(biāo)沒有定位等等。
這些‘記錄’對日本來說是一種寶貴的資源,他們不想浪費(fèi)它們。也就是說,飛行員每次都會得到一些情報(bào),所以他們不會對自己即將到來的死亡厄運(yùn)想太多。
Thank you for sharing this, a lot of people dont realise this
謝謝你的分享,很多人都不知道這些
I stand corrected. I left that comment before work, and got off work to see a bunch of people telling me how wrong I am lol.
Normally my comments are ignored and no one bothers to correct me, but I'm glad I learned something new this time.
WWII is still fucked.... but slightly less fucked than I already had in mind.
我認(rèn)錯(cuò),我是在工作前留下了這條評論,結(jié)果下班后看到一群人告訴我我說的有多錯(cuò)誤,尬笑。
一般我的評論都被別人無視了,沒有人愿意糾正我,但是我很高興這次我學(xué)到了一些新的東西。
二戰(zhàn)還是他媽的(殘酷)……但比我想象的要稍微好一點(diǎn)。
原創(chuàng)翻譯:龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處
The US had the massive advantage of radar and cracking enemy messages over Imperial Japanese forces. Japan simply had no other choice but to send planes up and look for possible targets.
與日本帝國軍隊(duì)相比,美國在雷達(dá)和破解敵人信息方面擁有巨大優(yōu)勢,日本沒有其他選擇,只能派飛機(jī)過去尋找可能存在的目標(biāo)。
What is with the axis and being doped up on meth for half the war?
Edit: ok to everyone who reads this comment, people below have explained it’s not just the axis, thanks tho.
為什么軸心國的士兵在戰(zhàn)爭的一半時(shí)間里都在吸……(服用興奮劑)?
后來編輯:好了,各位,下面的人已經(jīng)解釋了服用興奮劑不僅僅是軸心國在做,謝謝。
iirc that drug was used to pump up the soldiers, making them stronger and more lethal. Or that was the plan. Might be wrong but that's what I remember from the documentaries
iirc這種藥物被用來給士兵打氣,讓他們變得更強(qiáng)壯,更致命。反正原來是這樣。當(dāng)然我可能說錯(cuò)了,但我記得這是我從紀(jì)錄片中看到的
原創(chuàng)翻譯:龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處
It was mostly used to keep them awake for extended periods of time.
When the germans broke through the lines in France Hitler wanted then to keep on pushing but generals on the front lines warned that the troops where exhausted after 3 days of non stop fighting and marching. It was meth that made it possible for them to do that.
Later on the axis where being pushed back along massively stretched lines, meaning that the troops where needed more often and for longer periods. Drugs helps in that regard.
Then again, it wasnt just the axis. Half the boys in vietnam where high as a kite from military provided drugs for example.
它主要用來讓士兵保持長時(shí)間清醒。
當(dāng)?shù)聡送黄品▏谰€時(shí),希特勒想繼續(xù)推進(jìn),但前線的將軍們警告說,經(jīng)過三天不停的戰(zhàn)斗和行軍,軍隊(duì)已經(jīng)筋疲力盡,是吸DU讓他們有能力繼續(xù)推進(jìn)下去。
德軍沿著巨大的延長線向前推進(jìn)需要更長的時(shí)間,而想要減少時(shí)間,這意味著軍隊(duì)需要更多、更頻繁的兵力運(yùn)送,DU品在這方面有幫助。
當(dāng)然,不僅僅是邪惡軸心,比如,在越南有一半的美國男孩也從軍隊(duì)那里得到了毒品。
Still in practice in the US
現(xiàn)在美國也仍在實(shí)行
I was given Ambien in Afghanistan.
Really sucked if I took it to get some sleep and there was a mortar attack. Sitting in a bunker feeling kinda trippy wearing just boxers and an IBA isn’t an experience I’d like to repeat.
我在阿富汗被注射了興奮劑。
要是我因?yàn)樗四蔷秃喼痹阃噶耍驗(yàn)槟抢镫S時(shí)有迫擊炮落下來。我不想重復(fù)IBA的經(jīng)歷,因?yàn)榇┲浇茄澴诘乇だ镒屛腋杏X至今還有點(diǎn)迷幻。
That sounds like the perfect cocktail for ptsd and other psychological trauma. Best regards!
聽起來像是治療創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙和其他心理創(chuàng)傷的最佳組合,最好的問候!
原創(chuàng)翻譯:龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處
I’m sorry that happened to you. I’m glad that you’re ok and hopefully home with loved ones now!
我很抱歉這種事發(fā)生在你身上,我也很高興你現(xiàn)在沒事了,希望現(xiàn)在你能回家和你愛的人在一起!
IBA?
namelessuser
Individual ballistic armor. Basically a Kevlar vest with ceramic plates in it.
單兵彈道防彈衣,基本上就是一件陶瓷片制作的凱夫拉爾背心。
Interceptor Multi-Threat Body Armor System
Edit: or just Individual Body Armor
多威脅防彈衣系統(tǒng)
編輯:或者只是個(gè)人防彈衣
There is a tiny bottle of Tabasco sauce contained in some MREs. (One kind?) In the Iraq novel, The Yellow Birds, soldiers standing watch at night would put it in their eyes to stay awake. Does anyone know if this is a common practice?
聽說有一種包含MREs,叫塔巴斯科的小瓶辣醬。(一種?)在伊拉克小說《黃鳥》中,夜里站崗的士兵會把它放在眼睛里保持清醒,有人知道這是一種很常見的做法嗎?
mortar attack gave me tbi, i wasnt military but sorry you had to go through that brother
迫擊炮襲擊也給了我創(chuàng)傷性腦損傷,雖然我不是軍人,但是很抱歉你經(jīng)歷了這些,兄弟
Judging by the energy drink addiction by many former soldiers, most energy drinks are indeed military grade.
從很多退役士兵對能量飲料上癮的情況來看,大多數(shù)能量飲料確實(shí)是軍用級的(含興奮劑)
Military grade means the cheapest material or product that will accomplish the task, it’s typically subpar quality compared to general consumer grade products
軍用級意味著用最便宜的材料或產(chǎn)品可以完成任務(wù),它一般都比普通消費(fèi)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量更低
Thats only for sleeping/recovery tho, would be dope if they had military grade coke or something lol.
(你注射的東西)只是用來睡覺或恢復(fù)的,如果他們有軍用級別的可樂或其他東西,那就是DU品了。
This is what it says further down in the article:
In contrast to the sleeping agents, a go pill refers to a wakefulness-promoting agent used for fatigue management, especially in a military combat-readiness context; this is contrasted with a no-go pill, which is used to promote sleep in support of combat operations. A go pill generally contains one of the following drugs:
Amphetamine (methamphetamine having been used historically, such as during the Second World War), which is a strong psychostimulant drug; no longer approved officially for use by the U.S. Air Force,[2] possibly due to safety concerns brought up in the wake of incidents like the Tarnak Farm incident. Modafinil, a wakefulness-promoting drug (or eugeroic) The U.S. Air Force uses dextroamphetamine as one of its "go pills", given to pilots on long missions to help them remain focused and alx. Conversely, "no-go pills" are used after the mission is completed, to combat the effects of the mission and "go-pills".
And I love how it clarifies that they are no longer "officially" being used by the U.S. Air Force, as though that was in question. It certainly is now!
下面這篇文章是這么說的:
與安眠藥不同,go pill指的是一種用于控制疲勞的提神劑,特別是在軍事戰(zhàn)斗準(zhǔn)備中;這與no-go藥丸形成對比,no-go藥丸用于促進(jìn)睡眠,以支持作戰(zhàn)行動(dòng)。go pill通常包含以下藥物之一:
安非他明(歷史上曾使用甲基苯丙胺,如在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間),是一種強(qiáng)烈的精神刺激藥物;不過可能是由于Tarnak農(nóng)場事件后出現(xiàn)的安全問題,已經(jīng)不再被美國空軍正式批準(zhǔn)使用。美國空軍現(xiàn)在將右旋安非他明作為“go pills”之一,給執(zhí)行長期任務(wù)的飛行員服用,來幫助他們保持注意力和警覺。相反,“no-go pills”是在任務(wù)完成后使用的藥物,用來對抗“go pills”的影響。
我很高興我能澄清了它們已經(jīng)不再被美國空軍“正式”使用了,過去當(dāng)然有問題,但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)沒有了!
The Germans actually found that overall combat performance went down, because the recovery period was longer than the "enhanced" time, and during recovery the drop in performance was worse than the gain from the drugs. ˉ\\\\\\\\_(ツ)_/ˉ
實(shí)際上德國人后來發(fā)現(xiàn),軍隊(duì)的整體作戰(zhàn)性能下降了,因?yàn)榛謴?fù)時(shí)間比“增強(qiáng)”時(shí)間更長,而且在恢復(fù)期間,士兵身體的下降比從藥物中獲得的好處更糟糕。
Unless the initial attack could take enough advantage of the element of surprise/speed to offset that eventual drop in performance and allow a "reset" period.
除非最初的攻擊能充分利用“奇襲”的速度優(yōu)勢來制造一場大勝利,然后允許士兵們有一個(gè)安全的休息周期。
meth trully is effective at those kind of situations
興奮劑在這種情況下真的很有效
As opposed to the Allies who were only doped up on 'regular' amphetamine?
(所以現(xiàn)在的美軍)就像(二戰(zhàn))那些只服用“普通”安非他命的盟軍?
People all surprised when drugs work lM.
藥物奏效時(shí),所有人都感到驚訝
This is the downside to DARE style anti-drug campaigns: They present drugs as something that ruins your life, full stop. They don’t talk about why people start using substances that, yes, are generally addictive and pretty bad for you longterm.
這是DARE式反DU品運(yùn)動(dòng)的缺點(diǎn):他們把DU品描述成毀掉你生活的東西,就這么簡單。是的,這些東西通常會讓人上癮,有害你的長期健康,但他們根本沒有研究為什么人們開始使用這些DU品的真正原因(治標(biāo)不治本)
I'm glad someone pointed out it wasn't just the Axis on speed.
我很高興有人指出它不僅僅是軸心國在用……
Oh shit really? Damn, do they not know the effects of meth other than keeping soldiers energized?
狗屎,真的嗎?該死,難道他們不知道冰DU除了讓士兵精力充沛之外,再沒其他作用了嗎?
Most of it wasn't exactly crystal meth. Some were more of an adderal which many people use all their life and are relatively fine. ADHD medicine is also an amphetamine, and we give that shit to kids.
其實(shí)大部分都不是冰DU,有些是很多人終生都在使用的adderal,效果相對較好。ADHD藥物也是一種興奮劑,但我們可以把它給孩子們使用。
pats you think they'd care?
After world war 1 I believe it was, they discovered that most human beings actually have an instinctual urge to not kill people, and that a lot of soldiers would deliberately fire to miss
Thus was born the modern army, with processes to mentally break down the human brain into a tool designed to be able to dehumanise the enemy and follow orders and kill as needed, to be better
Though it's not like it's a modern invention, armies have been doing that since forever, it's why demonising the enemy and blah is an important part of propaganda
But yeah, there's a reason there's a lot of fucking mental health issues involved with people who've seen combat.. it's because it's bad for the human mind. They do not care. They just want soldiers to do as they're told, to win
Some military are probably nicer than others, I suspect the more defensive minded ones.. ironically I suspect the ones who have forced national conscxtion for 2-3 years are oddly perhaps better off, as far as mental health would go. They know that most of the soldiers are going to be going back into the populace after, so they're incentivised to not fuck them up too much
你覺得他們會在乎嗎?
我相信在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)后,他們就發(fā)現(xiàn)了大多數(shù)人實(shí)際上有一種不愿去殺人的本能沖動(dòng),很多士兵都會故意開空槍,不去打中敵人。
然后現(xiàn)代軍隊(duì)就這樣誕生了,它的功能是將人類的大腦從精神上分離成一種殺人工具,讓他們能夠?qū)橙耸ト诵?,只聽從命令,在必要時(shí)進(jìn)行殺戮。
雖然這不像是現(xiàn)代發(fā)明(該發(fā)明的東西),但軍隊(duì)一直在這么做,這就是為什么妖魔化敵人是宣傳的重要組成部分。
但是,經(jīng)歷過戰(zhàn)斗的人會有很多該死的心理健康問題,這是有原因的。因?yàn)闅⒙緦θ祟惖拇竽X有害,但上位者不在乎,他們只希望士兵們按照命令去做,去替他們贏得勝利。
不過也有些軍人的心理可能比其他軍人更好,我懷疑是這些人擁有自我防御意識……但諷刺的是,我還懷疑那些被迫服兵役2-3年的人,就心理健康而言,也許是最好的。因?yàn)樯衔徽咧肋@些士兵大部分之后都會回到平民生活中去,所以他們鼓勵(lì)(軍隊(duì)教官)不要把這些士兵搞得太糟
It's really effective if you need constantly alx soldiers. Even the US still give dextroamphetamine for military pilots on long mission
如果你需要時(shí)刻保持警惕的士兵,服用興奮劑是非常有效的手段,就連美國現(xiàn)在也仍然在給執(zhí)行長期任務(wù)的軍事飛行員服用右旋安非他命
Yeah, meth is a great drug to give someone to make them ultra-vigilant and not give a fuck about their life.
是的,冰DU是一種很好的藥物,可以讓士兵們保持高度警惕,又不關(guān)心自己的生命。
Wasn’t only the axis. My grandfather flew B-29s in the war and was on one of the teams trained to drop the A-bomb. They’d fly out of the Midwest US and do a mirror of the path to Japan, going towards Greenland instead. The Army (this was before the Air Force) had them take “goof pills” to keep them awake and alx during the long flight. He said they’d all feel great, but no one could sleep for two days. Then it would wear off and they’d feel like they were hit by a bus.
不僅僅是軸心國這么做,我的祖父在戰(zhàn)爭中駕駛b -29,是訓(xùn)練投擲原子彈的隊(duì)伍中的一員。他們從美國中西部起飛,飛往格陵蘭島,模仿飛往日本的路線。陸軍(在空軍之前)讓他們服用“goof pills”,讓他們在長途飛行中保持清醒和警覺。
他說他們服用藥物后都會感覺很好,每個(gè)人都能連續(xù)兩天不睡覺,然后藥物效果就會慢慢消失,他們就會覺得自己的身體像是被一輛公共汽車撞過一樣難受。