179 killed, two survive South Korean plane crash

179人死亡，2人生還，韓國飛機墜毀

The U.S. NTSB is leading a team that includes investigators from the Federal Aviation Administration and Boeing, the aircraft’s manufacturer.

美國國家運輸安全委員會（NTSB）正領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一個調(diào)查小組，成員包括聯(lián)邦航空管理局（FAA）和飛機制造商波音的調(diào)查員。

SEOUL — Investigators were working to understand why a passenger plane crashed at a South Korean airport on Sunday, killing all but two people aboard in the world’s deadliest plane crash in six years.

首爾——調(diào)查人員正在努力了解為什么一架客機于周日墜毀在韓國一座機場，造成機上除兩人外的所有乘客和機組人員死亡，這是六年來世界上最致命的航空事故。

One hundred and seventy-nine people died, the country’s National Fire Agency confirmed. Two members of the crew survived, the agency said.

韓國國家消防局確認，179人死亡。該局表示，機組人員中的兩名成員幸存。

Authorities said the flight crew was warned about birds in the area, but analysts said it would be exceptionally rare for a strike to force a large passenger plane into a fiery crash-landing like Sunday’s.

當(dāng)局表示，飛行員曾收到關(guān)于該地區(qū)有鳥群的警告，但分析人士指出，鳥擊導(dǎo)致如此大規(guī)?？蜋C發(fā)生致命火災(zāi)硬著陸的情況極為罕見。

Jeju Air Flight 2216 from Bangkok crash-landed at Muan International Airport near the southern tip of South Korea and burst into a fireball at around 9 a.m. local time.

12月29日，濟州航空2216號航班從曼谷起飛，墜毀并在韓國南部的務(wù)安國際機場緊急迫降，飛機在約上午9點當(dāng)?shù)貢r間爆炸成火球。

Video showed the Boeing 737-800 veering down the runway without its landing gear deployed, hitting a wall and bursting into flames.

視頻顯示，波音737-800型飛機在沒有展開起落架的情況下，沖出跑道并撞墻后爆燃。

Photos of the smoking wreckage showed only the plane’s charred tail intact. Two crew members, a woman in her 30s and a man in his 20s, were transferred to a hospital in Seoul, authorities said.

煙霧彌漫的殘骸照片顯示，飛機的尾部幾乎完全被燒焦，唯一保持完整。兩名機組成員——一名30多歲的女性和一名20多歲的男性——被送往首爾醫(yī)院，官方表示。

The pilot issued a Mayday alx about two minutes before the crash, according to the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. Investigators are examining communications from the aircraft, ministry officials told reporters Sunday. Authorities have not given a cause for the crash, but they said the airport’s control tower warned the plane of the potential for a bird strike minutes before the crash. They rejected speculation that the airport’s 9,200-foot runway was too short and contributed to the disaster.

據(jù)韓國土地、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和交通部稱，飛行員在墜機前約兩分鐘發(fā)出了求救信號。調(diào)查人員正在檢查飛機的通訊記錄，該部官員周日告訴記者。雖然當(dāng)局尚未公布墜機原因，但表示機場塔臺在墜機前幾分鐘曾警告飛機有可能發(fā)生鳥擊。他們否定了機場跑道長度（9,200英尺）過短是導(dǎo)致災(zāi)難的原因。

The ministry said two black boxes — one with flight data, one with voice recordings from the cockpit — had been collected from the scene of the crash.

該部表示，已從事故現(xiàn)場收回了兩塊黑匣子——一塊記錄飛行數(shù)據(jù)，另一塊記錄駕駛艙語音。

Analysts at aviation site Flightradar24 said their data suggested the pilots might have been trying to fly past the airport to allow crews on the ground to determine whether their landing gear had failed to deploy. The site’s data does not cover the moments immediately before the crash.

航空網(wǎng)站Flightradar24的分析師表示，他們的數(shù)據(jù)表明飛行員可能試圖繞過機場，讓地面人員檢查起落架是否未能展開。該網(wǎng)站的數(shù)據(jù)并未涵蓋墜機前的瞬間。

Jeff Guzzetti, a former investigator for the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board, said it was highly improbable that a bird strike by itself would cause such a catastrophic crash. The pilots might not have realized their landing gear was not down, he said. Pilots on modern aircraft can deploy it manually if their hydraulic systems fail, and Guzzetti said flaps on the plane’s wing weren’t extended, as would be expected if they were attempting an emergency landing on the jet’s belly, and the airport doesn’t appear to have made preparations.

前美國國家運輸安全委員會調(diào)查員杰夫·古澤蒂表示，單獨的鳥擊造成如此災(zāi)難性墜機的可能性非常小。他說，飛行員可能沒有意識到起落架未展開?，F(xiàn)代飛機的飛行員可以在液壓系統(tǒng)故障時手動展開起落架，而古澤蒂還表示，飛機機翼上的襟翼未展開，這在試圖進行緊急腹部著陸時是必需的，而且機場似乎沒有做好相關(guān)準備。
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“This is a tough one,” Guzzetti said. “It’s a tough one to watch on video, and it’s a tough one to piece together on what we know.”

“這真是一個難題，”古澤蒂說?！皬囊曨l上看，這是一個非常難看的畫面，我們現(xiàn)有的信息也很難拼湊出真相?！?/b>

If birds damaged both engines, aviation safety consultant John Cox said, the crew might not have had time to properly prepare to land.

航空安全顧問約翰·考克斯表示，如果鳥擊損壞了兩個發(fā)動機，機組人員可能沒有足夠時間做好準備進行著陸。

“It has happened, but it is extraordinarily rare,” Cox said. He pointed to the 2009 “Miracle on the Hudson,” in which pilots Chesley Sullenberger and Jeffrey Skiles ditched US Airways Flight 1549 in the Hudson River along New York City after the engines lost power in a bird strike.

“這種情況發(fā)生過，但極為罕見，”考克斯說。他提到了2009年的“哈德遜奇跡”，當(dāng)時飛行員切斯利·薩倫伯格和杰弗里·斯凱爾斯在鳥擊導(dǎo)致發(fā)動機失去動力后，迫降美國航空1549號航班在紐約哈德遜河中。

The NTSB is leading a team that includes investigators from the Federal Aviation Administration and Boeing to work alongside South Korean investigators, the agency said.

NTSB正在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一個包括FAA和波音調(diào)查員的團隊，與韓國調(diào)查人員一同工作。

South Korea’s acting president, Choi Sang-mok, said he was praying for the victims. “As the person acting on behalf of the office responsible for the life and safety of our citizens, I am terribly sorry and heartbroken beyond words,” he said in a statement.

Th韓國代理總統(tǒng)崔尚默表示，他為遇難者祈禱。他在一份聲明中說：“作為代表負責(zé)保護公民生命安全的職務(wù)人員，我深感抱歉，心情悲痛難以言表。”

e government has declared a week of national mourning, during which officials will wear ribbons, flags at public buildings will be lowered to half-staff and memorials will be established. Choi instructed government agencies to be transparent in their investigations.

韓國政府宣布將進入為期一周的全國哀悼期，期間官員將佩戴絲帶，公共建筑物的旗幟將降至半旗，并將設(shè)立紀念設(shè)施。崔尚默指示政府部門在調(diào)查中保持透明。

The United States is ready to help, President Joe Biden said in statement.

美國總統(tǒng)喬·拜登在聲明中表示，美國已準備好提供幫助。

The crash surpassed the crash of Voepass Flight 2283, which killed 62 people in Brazil in August, as the deadliest of the year, according to a database maintained by the Flight Safety Foundation. It’s the deadliest since 2018’s Lion Air Flight 610 plunged into the Java Sea in the Indonesian archipelago, killing all eight crew members and 181 passengers on board.

此次墜機超過了巴西8月發(fā)生的Voepass航空2283號航班事故，后者造成62人死亡，成為今年最致命的航空事故，根據(jù)飛行安全基金會的數(shù)據(jù)庫。而自2018年印尼獅航610號航班墜入爪哇海造成全部8名機組成員和181名乘客死亡以來，這也是最致命的航空事故。

The Indonesia crash and one in Ethiopia months later led to concerns about a system on the Boeing 737 Max airliner and a worldwide grounding that threw the manufacturer into crisis. But Cox said Sunday’s crash, involving a workhorse older model of 737 and an airline with a strong reputation for safety, probably will be determined to have been an anomaly.

印尼和埃塞俄比亞的兩起墜機事件引發(fā)了對波音737 MAX飛機系統(tǒng)的擔(dān)憂，導(dǎo)致該機型全球停飛并使波音陷入危機。然而考克斯表示，周日的墜機事件涉及一架較為老舊的波音737機型和一家公司擁有良好安全聲譽的航空公司，可能會被認定為一次異常事件。

“But we need to understand why so we can do everything we can to prevent a recurrence,” he said.

“但我們需要了解原因，以便盡可能避免類似事件的再次發(fā)生，”他說。

Nearly all 181 people on a Jeju Air flight were presumed dead after crash-landing at South Korea's Muan International Airport on Dec. 29, fire authorities said. (Video: Reuters)
Earlier Sunday, senior Jeju Air executive Song Kyung-hoon said he would not speculate on the cause of the crash before the investigation was complete, but he ruled out the possibility that poor aircraft maintenance played any role. Song said the airline has submitted all relevant information to the Transportation Ministry, the semiofficial Yonhap News Agency reported. The airline said the aircraft was 15 years old.

濟州航空的一位高層管理人員宋京勛在周日表示，他不會在調(diào)查完成之前推測事故原因，但排除了飛機維護不當(dāng)?shù)目赡苄?。?jù)半官方的韓聯(lián)社報道，宋表示該航空公司已向交通部提交了所有相關(guān)信息。航空公司表示，事故飛機已經(jīng)服役15年。

One of the surviving crew members told rescuers that an engine began smoking after a suspected bird strike before exploding, Yonhap reported.

一名幸存的機組成員告訴救援人員，在可能的鳥擊后，發(fā)動機開始冒煙并爆炸，韓聯(lián)社報道。

Bird strikes are relatively common and can cause significant damage, but they rarely cause crashes. The FAA logged roughly 285,000 bird strikes between 1990 and 2023 involving U.S. aircraft. In only 5 percent of cases was any negative impact on flight reported. Forty-nine cases were reported to have caused the destruction of an aircraft.

鳥擊在航空中相對常見，可能造成重大損害，但很少導(dǎo)致墜機。據(jù)FAA記錄，從1990年到2023年，約有285,000起鳥擊事件涉及美國飛機，只有5%的案件報告稱對飛行造成負面影響。有49起案例報告稱鳥擊造成飛機毀壞。

Boeing said it was in contact with Jeju Air. “We extend our deepest condolences to the families who lost loved ones, and our thoughts remain with the passengers and crew,” it said in a statement on social media.

波音公司表示與濟州航空保持聯(lián)系?！拔覀兿蚴ビH人的家屬表示最深切的慰問，我們的心與乘客和機組人員同在。”該公司在社交媒體上的聲明中表示。

On board were 175 passengers and six crew members. One hundred and seventy-three were from Korea; two were from Thailand.

機上共有175名乘客和6名機組人員，其中173人來自韓國，2人來自泰國。

Bodies were transferred to a temporary morgue near the airport, according to authorities, who were working into the night to formally identify the remains. On Sunday evening, the fire agency said it had identified at least 88 of the victims.

當(dāng)局表示，尸體已轉(zhuǎn)移至機場附近的臨時停尸房，并正在夜間進行正式身份確認。周日晚，消防部門表示已確認至少88名遇難者身份。

Video aired on South Korean broadcasters showed thick, dark plumes of smoke rising from the mangled plane as firefighters and emergency workers surrounded the scene. The airport, along the country’s west coast in South Jeolla province, is about a three-hour drive west of the major port city of Busan.

韓國廣播公司播放的視頻顯示，濃煙從被毀壞的飛機上升起，消防員和緊急救援人員圍繞事故現(xiàn)場。該機場位于韓國南部的全羅南道，距離主要港口城市釜山約3小時車程。
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The crash prompted an all-out emergency response that included the deployment of special forces troops as well as hundreds of emergency responders. Authorities extinguished the fire within 43 minutes.

事故引發(fā)了全面的緊急響應(yīng)，包括部署特種部隊以及數(shù)百名緊急救援人員。當(dāng)局在43分鐘內(nèi)撲滅了火災(zāi)。
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Choi is just beginning to assume his presidential duties after South Korean lawmakers voted to impeach acting president Han Duck-soo on Friday. Han replaced President Yoon Suk Yeol, who was impeached this month for declaring martial law.

崔尚默剛剛開始接任總統(tǒng)職務(wù)，此前韓國立法機關(guān)在周五投票罷免了代理總統(tǒng)韓德洙。韓德洙是接替因宣布戒嚴而被罷免的總統(tǒng)尹錫悅的。

Jeju Air, established in 2005 as a venture between a major firm and the provincial government in South Korea’s Jeju Island, is one of South Korea’s largest low-cost airlines.

濟州航空成立于2005年，是韓國最大的一家低成本航空公司之一，最初由一家大型企業(yè)與濟州島省政府合資成立。

In 2023, the Transportation Ministry gave Jeju Air an A rating, meaning “very good,” on a four-point scale from B+ to A++.

2023年，交通部為濟州航空評分A級，表示“非常好”，評分標準從B+到A++。
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South Korea last suffered a large-scale aviation disaster in 1997, when a Korean Air flight slammed into a hilly peak in the U.S. territory of Guam, killing 228 of the 254 people aboard. In 1993, 68 of 116 passengers on an Asiana Airlines flight from Seoul to Mokpo, South Korea, were killed.

韓國上一次發(fā)生大規(guī)模航空災(zāi)難是在1997年，當(dāng)時一架大韓航空航班在美國關(guān)島的山峰上墜毀，造成254人中228人死亡。1993年，韓亞航空一架從首爾飛往韓國木浦的航班發(fā)生事故，導(dǎo)致116名乘客中68人死亡。

Duncan reported from Washington and Sands from London. Jintak Han in Seoul contributed to this report.

Duncan報道自華盛頓，Sands報道自倫敦，Han Jin-tak在首爾為本報告提供了資料。