美國正在再次建設工廠，但誰會去那里工作呢？
America Is Building Factories Again. But Who Will Work in Them?
譯文簡介
我是德國人。像現在很多人一樣，我們實際上感覺到世界正在失控，這里的事情似乎在滑向錯誤的方向。你提到德國作為一個好例子讓我非常高興，這讓我意識到我們并不是在所有方面都很糟糕。謝謝你，我今天很開心。
正文翻譯
我是德國人。像現在很多人一樣，我們實際上感覺到世界正在失控，這里的事情似乎在滑向錯誤的方向。你提到德國作為一個好例子讓我非常高興，這讓我意識到我們并不是在所有方面都很糟糕。謝謝你，我今天很開心。
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@abrakadaver7495
German here. Like a lot of people right now we actually have the feeling that the world is getting out of hand and that things here seem to slip in a wrong direction. That you mentioned Germany as a good example made me really happy. It made me realize that we are not sucking at everything. Thank you for that. Made my day
我是德國人。像現在很多人一樣，我們實際上感覺到世界正在失控，這里的事情似乎在滑向錯誤的方向。你提到德國作為一個好例子讓我非常高興，這讓我意識到我們并不是在所有方面都很糟糕。謝謝你，我今天很開心。
Germany is in a complicated situation, and mostly because the older generation did not have enough babies. But Germany is still and will remain a great country even if its importance will decline with time.
德國處于一個復雜的局面，這主要是因為老一輩沒有生育足夠的孩子，但德國仍然并將繼續(xù)是一個偉大的國家，即使它的重要性會隨著時間的推移而下降。
Unfortunately, Germany's industries cannot be competitive with the high cost of energy. The United States has a big advantage of having sufficient energy resources locally...
不幸的是德國的工業(yè)無法在高能源成本下參與競爭。美國有一個很大的優(yōu)勢，那就是本地有充足的能源資源……
As a former industrial electrician and now an electrical engineer, I am happy and proud to see this. We need more of this here in America.
作為一名前工業(yè)電工，現在是電氣工程師，我很高興和自豪看到這一點。我們在美國需要更多這樣的東西。
Studying electronics engineering here. Are we, Electrical/Electronics will still have high demand in the future?( assumin competent)
我在學習電子工程。電氣/電子專業(yè)在未來仍然會有高需求嗎（假設有能力的話）？
@omniyambot9876 , I assume we will as automation and IoT becomes more diffused and popular.
我認為隨著自動化和物聯網的普及和流行，是的。
@@udlrrldu621 , the cost of not having them is much higher. It has been a while, but if I remember it right, the cost of a breakdown at a Ford plant I worked at was $20,000 a minute. Most companies face similar losses due to breakdowns. That is why they are more than willing to pay 70k a year for an electrician.
沒有他們的成本要高得多。這種情況已經有一段時間了，如果我記得沒錯，我在福特工廠工作時，每分鐘的停機成本是2萬美元。大多數公司會因停機而面臨類似的損失。這就是為什么他們非常愿意每年支付7萬美元給電工的原因。
You can make a good living as a blue collar worker. Not everybody needs a college degree to become successful. The problem stems from the constant push to get kids into college with school counselors promoting the "Work smart, not hard" agenda as if working in a trade is something to be ashamed of.
作為一名藍領工人，你可以過上很好的生活，并不是每個人都需要大學學位才能成功。問題源于學校輔導員不斷推動孩子們進入大學，宣傳“聰明地工作，而不是努力地工作”的議程，好像從事貿易工作是件可恥的事一樣。
I agree but you have a generation of folks that were told that the only way we were going to be successful was if we became engineers, doctors, IT, or lawyers. So now we have a ton of highly educated people with specific degrees coupled with the lowest living affordability of any modern generation, and that's why trade skills don't seem viable. Trying to raise a family on $60,000 a year seems like a struggle to most people nowadays
我同意，但你們有一代人被告知我們唯一能成功的方式是成為工程師、醫(yī)生、IT人員或律師，所以現在我們有很多受過高等教育，擁有特定學位，但生活負擔能力卻是現代世代中最低的人，這就是為什么貿易技能似乎不可行。如今，試圖用每年6萬美元養(yǎng)家糊口對大多數人來說似乎是一種掙扎。
College isn't meant for everyone and the trades are where it's at! Many people get useless degrees and huge loans, I know plenty of people like that. I got my engineering degree and now I'm 28, earn $115k, no debt, and work fully remote! But how many can be and excel as engineers? I've let many of my cousins know the trap that is college and to be realistic with their ability and willingness. If it's not a fit then I push them to the trades, military, or civil service. No need to work in an office if you're barely making more than min wage.
大學并不適合每個人，貿易才是出路！很多人獲得了無用的學位和巨額貸款，我認識很多這樣的人。我獲得了工程學位，現在28歲，每年賺11.5萬美元，沒有債務，完全遠程工作！但有多少人能成為工程師并勝任？我讓我的許多表親知道了大學的陷阱，并讓他們對自己的能力和意愿保持現實。如果不合適，我就把他們推向貿易、軍隊或公務員。如果你勉強賺得比最低工資多，就沒有必要在辦公室工作。
Because for the last 30 years, all the trade jobs moved overseas to places like China.
No trade jobs here in America so they had to market the 4 year college thing.
Then they found out most college grads can't find work.
因為在過去的30年里，所有的貿易工作都轉移到了中國等海外地區(qū)。
美國沒有貿易工作，所以他們不得不推銷四年制大學。
然后他們發(fā)現大多數大學畢業(yè)生都找不到工作。
The real battle will be building the housing supply needed for this workforce. You shouldn't have to be a doctor or a partner at a law firm to be able to afford a house with air conditioning, more than one toilet, and a commute that's 30 minutes or less.
真正的戰(zhàn)斗將是建造這支勞動力所需的住房供應，你不應該必須是醫(yī)生或律師事務所的合伙人才能買得起有空調、不止一個衛(wèi)生間和通勤時間30分鐘或更短的房子。
Pay a liveable wage and finding qualified quality employees will be easy. Keep paying below what could sustain a household in today's market and you'll continue to get overwhelmed, overworked candidates. Working 2-3 jobs is common now , and there are a lot of people living in their vehicles just so they can save money.
支付可維持生活的工資，找到合格的高質量員工將很容易。繼續(xù)支付低于當今市場維持家庭所需的工資，你將繼續(xù)得到不堪重負、過度工作的候選人?，F在做2-3份工作很常見，很多人住在車里只是為了省錢。
Wage depends on how valuable your skills set is and how irreplaceable you are... companies don't owe you anything, it's your job to sell your skill...
There are many Jobe that pay very well for blue and white Collar skills that are harder to replace, from software development to industrial welding
工資取決于你的技能有多有價值以及你有多不可替代……公司不欠你任何東西，你的工作是推銷你的技能……
從軟件開發(fā)到工業(yè)焊接，有很多為藍領和白領技能支付很高的薪水的工作，這些技能更難被替代。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網 http://top-shui.cn 轉載請注明出處
Most factory jobs pay pretty well actually compared to service sector jobs. People really only work 2 or 3 jobs when they don't work full time for each of them. At most it's a full time job and a part time.
實際上，大多數工廠工作的薪酬比服務行業(yè)工作要好得多。人們只有在不為每份工作全職工作時才會做2或3份工作，他們最多會做一份全職工作和一份兼職工作。
Everyone loves to scream about paying a living wage, but when it comes time to put their money where their mouth is, suddenly their principles disappear. The hard truth is this: wages aren’t just set by employers—they’re set by consumers. If you want higher wages, you have to be willing to pay for them. But are you?
American labor costs more—plain and simple. Businesses in the U.S. pay higher wages, deal with strict regulations, offer benefits, and cover massive overhead costs. That means American-made products cost more. If people actually cared about wages, they’d be actively choosing American-made goods over cheap imports, no matter the price difference. But when it comes down to it, when there’s a
50American?madeproductnexttoa10 foreign import, most people will grab the cheap one without a second thought. And then they turn around and complain that workers aren’t making enough. That’s hypocrisy.
The truth is, the real minimum wage is what people are willing to pay for goods and services. Every time someone chooses the cheaper, foreign-made option over an American product, they are directly contributing to lower wages and outsourcing. They are the reason American factories shut down. They are the reason businesses struggle to compete while foreign companies thrive on cheap labor and lax regulations. You can’t demand “l(fā)iving wages” while constantly voting with your wallet against them.
If people were serious about fair wages, they’d be demanding and buying American-made products, even when they cost more. But instead, they take the easy way out, grabbing the cheapest option and then acting shocked when jobs disappear and wages stagnate. The reality is simple: people choose what workers get paid with their own purchases. If they aren’t willing to support American businesses with their money, they have no right to complain when those businesses can’t afford to pay more.
每個人都喜歡高喊工資只夠維生，但當需要付諸行動時，他們的原則突然消失了。殘酷的事實是：工資不僅僅由雇主設定——它們還由消費者設定。如果你想要更高的工資，你必須愿意為此付出代價，但你愿意嗎？
美國勞動力成本更高——簡單明了。美國企業(yè)支付更高的工資，應對嚴格的法規(guī)，提供福利并承擔巨大的管理費用，這意味著美國制造的產品的成本更高。如果人們真的關心工資，他們會積極選擇美國制造的產品而不是廉價的進口產品，無論價格差異如何。但當涉及到實際選擇時，當50美元的美國制造產品旁邊有10美元的進口產品時，大多數人會毫不猶豫地選擇便宜的，然后他們轉身抱怨工人賺得不夠，這是虛偽的。
事實是真正的最低工資是人們愿意為商品和服務支付的價格。每次有人選擇更便宜的外國制造產品而不是美國產品時，他們都在直接導致工資下降和外包，他們是美國工廠關閉的原因。他們是企業(yè)在競爭中掙扎的原因，而外國公司則依靠廉價勞動力和寬松的法規(guī)蓬勃發(fā)展。你不能一邊要求“更高的工資”，一邊用錢包投票反對它們。
如果人們真的關心公平的工資，他們會要求并購買美國制造的產品，即使它們更貴。但相反，他們選擇簡單的方式，抓住最便宜的選擇，然后在工作消失和工資停滯時表現得震驚?，F實很簡單：人們通過自己的購買決定工人的工資。如果他們不愿意用錢支持美國企業(yè)，當這些企業(yè)無法支付更多時，他們就沒有權利抱怨。
I work in a semiconductor factory, and most of us do on the job training, the programing and electrical engineers need nothing more than a certification or associates degree. And these are microchips for vehicles and medicals things. So you dont neccescarly need skilled workers, you need people who will show up to work.
我在一家半導體工廠工作，我們大多數人都在進行在職培訓，編程和電氣工程師只需要一個證書或副學士學位，這些產品是用于車輛和醫(yī)療設備的微芯片。所以你并不一定需要熟練工人，你需要的是會來上班的人。
This is the American Business Standard: make the public sector pay for the privilege of hosting a business. It works in sports (taxpayers pay for stadiums, etc but can't afford a ticket to the game) and a multitude of other industries that receive public funding both directly and indirectly including in the example of this video, publicly paid worker training. Since Germany is alluded to as a prelude, let's look at the other half of the equation. The German state heavily subsidizes businesses but also collects corporate taxes that would be considered outrageous by American standards. Furthermore, German businesses are not permitted to simply pull up stakes and ships factories overseas, nor are they allowed to oppose unxs. They are required to put employees first and business opportunities second. Overpaid executives are a rarity. Frankly, I am becoming sickened by the business and opportunity crowd demolishing all cooperative institutions on the altar of profit.
這是美國商業(yè)標準：讓公共部門為建立企業(yè)的特權買單。這在體育（納稅人支付體育場等費用，但買不起比賽門票）以及許多其他直接或間接接受公共資金的行業(yè)中有效，包括本視頻中的例子，用公共資金支付工人培訓的費用。既然德國作為前奏被提及，讓我們看看等式的另一半。德國政府大力補貼企業(yè)，但也征收在美國標準下被認為是過高的公司稅。此外，德國企業(yè)不允許簡單地撤資并將工廠遷往海外，也不允許反對工會。他們被要求將員工放在第一位，商業(yè)機會放在第二位。高薪高管很少見。坦率地說我對商業(yè)和機會群體在利潤祭壇上摧毀所有合作機構感到惡心。
I also understand that unx members sit on some of the corporate boards, so there is a mutual understanding of what is needed, for the company and the employees to succeed.
我也了解到工會成員在一些公司董事會中任職，因此對公司成功和員工成功所需的內容有共同的理解。
I personally think that we have it backwards in the US. Stockholders and CEO always come first, and the employees are way somewhere far down the line. The formula needs to be flipped. Stockholders and CEOs should be rewarded ONLY after the workers because employees are the ones who make a company successful.
我個人認為在美國我們本末倒置了。股東和CEO總是排在第一位，而員工則遠遠排在后面。這個公式需要翻轉，股東和CEO應該在員工之后得到獎勵，因為員工才是使公司成功的人。
It's what happens when you allow corporations to make law and billionaires to buy the Supreme Court, and then do NOTHING about it because as an 80-year-old man, you still love Reaganomics.
當你允許公司制定法律，億萬富翁購買最高法院，然后對此無所作為時，就會發(fā)生這種情況，因為你作為一個80歲的老人，仍然喜歡里根經濟學。
I've worked in industrial maintenance and engineering for 30+ years. Was beginning to think I was one of the last. Still kinda do. We need to focus on vocational training and get wages to where they're attractive to capable people.
我在工業(yè)維護和工程領域工作了30多年，我認為我是最后一批人之一，現在仍然這么認為。我們需要專注于職業(yè)培訓，并將工資提高到對有能力的人有吸引力的水平。
In 1980 my high school, H B Beal looked exactly like the technical college in this piece. We even had a TV studio. Then a couple decades later they tore out all of the machine shops, mechanics and electronics. What a catastrophically bad idea that was.
1980年，我的高中H B Beal看起來就像這篇文章中的技術學院，我們甚至有一個電視工作室。然后幾十年后，他們拆除了所有的機械車間、機械和電子設備，那是一個災難性的壞主意。
I wonder if in the future they will get funding to build back some of what was lost. Even if they started with just one trade, it would be better than nothing and it would greatly contribute to industry.
我想知道未來他們是否會獲得資金來重建一些失去的東西。即使他們只從一個行業(yè)開始，也比什么都沒有好，并且這會極大地促進工業(yè)發(fā)展。
The most stable and prosperous society is the one with 80% of the people working various skilled manufacturing jobs.
Only around 10% are needed in management and those are the ones who possess a 4 year college degree.
This is exactly the set-up in America before they moved manufacturing plants overseas.
Glad they are trying to bring that back.
最穩(wěn)定和繁榮的社會是80%的人從事各種熟練制造業(yè)工作的社會。
大約只有10%的擁有四年制大學學位的人需要從事管理工作。
這正是美國在將制造工廠遷往海外之前的設置。
很高興他們正在嘗試將其帶回來。
There are lots of so called white collar jobs that really could be apprenticeships…long apprenticeships but still done without the need for going through a university filter…nursing and medicine for example could be honestly done through an apprenticeship…yes…a long one but they are more technical and hands on…that’s what a residency is after all…an apprenticeship…all medical fields could be done that way…my only concern is that if all education is strictly tuned to a specific employer, what happens when that employer goes out of business then? It needs to be a skill more general than that, so students can start their own businesses if they choose…apart from that…this is one of the best answers clearly…
有很多所謂的白領工作實際上可以是學徒制……長期的學徒制，但仍然不需要通過大學篩選……例如，護理和醫(yī)學可以通過學徒制誠實地完成……是的……一個長期的學徒制，但它們更技術性和實踐性……畢竟這就是住院醫(yī)師……學徒制……所有醫(yī)學領域都可以這樣完成……我唯一的擔憂是如果所有教育都嚴格針對特定的雇主，那么當該雇主倒閉時會發(fā)生什么？它需要是一種更通用的技能，這樣學生如果有選擇的話可以自己創(chuàng)業(yè)……除此之外……這顯然是最好的答案之一……
Community college in my area has had manufacturing certification programs for years now. This type of work is in demand and there are pathways that will hold your hand right up until your hired. At least here in northern Nevada.
我所在地區(qū)的社區(qū)學院多年來一直有制造認證項目。這種類型的工作需求很大，并且有途徑可以一直幫助你直到被雇傭，至少在內華達州北部是這樣。
America is an experienced nation in this regard. They have traditions which can't be undone that fast. The real problem is worker's shortage. The unemployment rate is very low and there isn't enough workers. Fortunately America has experience in dealing with such problems as well. The US is one of the top destinations in the world for skilled labor. They will import their shortages and they will do so quickly.
美國在這方面是一個有經驗的國家，他們有不能這么快被改變的傳統(tǒng)。真正的問題是工人短缺，美國的失業(yè)率非常低，而且缺乏足夠的工人。幸運的是美國也有處理此類問題的經驗。美國是世界上技術工人的首選目的地之一。他們將進口他們短缺的工人，并且會很快這樣做。
Trade Schools, Technical Schools, Machine Operators, Plumbers, Welders, HVAC Techs, Masons. These are the people that build the civilization we all live in.
Office workers and paper pushers have their place but if things get bad it'll be them that are least valuable to society is all I'm saying. That being said some college degree's like Nursing and similar medical jobs are absolutely as essential.
職業(yè)學校、技術學校、機器操作員、水管工、焊工、暖通空調技術人員、泥瓦匠，這些是構建我們生活的文明的人。
辦公室職員和文員有他們的位置，但如果情況變糟，他們將是社會中最沒有價值的人，這就是我要說的。話雖如此，像護理和類似醫(yī)療工作的一些大學學位絕對是必不可少的。
I believe this is amazing because this generation is being influenced on easy money. While having a manufacturing career could be a stepping stone for anyone to pursue what they really want. We still need a labor force because if we don’t we will be replaced by machinery. I had my fair share in hard labor but I transition to opening a business. We all have to start somewhere. Shout out to Tennessee, more states need to be creative like this
我相信這很棒，因為這一代人正在受到賺快錢的影響。雖然制造業(yè)職業(yè)可以是任何人追求他們真正想要的東西的墊腳石，我們仍然需要勞動力，因為如果我們不這樣做，我們將被機器取代。我在艱苦的勞動中也有過自己的貢獻，但我轉型從事創(chuàng)業(yè)。我們都必須從某個地方開始。向田納西州致敬，更多的州需要像這樣有創(chuàng)意。
This just seems like a corporate subsidy. Basically paying for the unproductive training period a company usually would be responsible for when they hire a new worker. Why limit this to only manufacturin then? Lots of corporate white collar work can use this too. I imagine a lot of companies would offer internships if the goverment was footing the bill.
這看起來像是企業(yè)補貼，基本上是為公司通常在新員工入職時負責的非生產性培訓期買單。那么為什么只限于制造業(yè)呢？許多公司白領工作也可以使用這個。我想如果政府買單，很多公司會提供實習機會。
In 1944 manufacturing job was 38% of non-farm payroll (data from St Louis Fed) 15% at Peak Japan in the 1980, but only 8% in 2022, or about 13M. To get back to 15% you'll have to get another 13M more into manufacturing jobs. In deed from where ?? especially when unemployment rate is low.
1944年，制造業(yè)工作占非農工資的38%（數據來自圣路易斯聯邦儲備銀行），1980年日本峰值為15%，但2022年僅為8%，約1300萬。要回到15%，你必須再增加1300萬制造業(yè)工作。這些工作實際上從哪里來？尤其是在失業(yè)率低的情況下。
I am Chinese American. Although China benefits greatly on globalization, I strongly believe that globalization has gotten OUT OF HAND. The people in a nation should be the primary focus of the business producing and supplying goods for the nation. It is NOT about finding the cheapest or most efficient locations to do your business and only use your nation as market for the product dumping. We as the people of America, should produce and consume the products. Only if there is a rare case that we need to get from abroad, such as minerals or other specific products, should we engage in global trade. We do not block global trade. But it must be a STRICT SUPPLEMENT to our daily enterprise!
我是華裔美國人。盡管中國從全球化中受益匪淺，但我堅信全球化已經失控。一個國家的人民應該是為該國生產和供應商品的企業(yè)的首要關注點。這不是關于找到最便宜或最有效的地點來做生意，并只把你的國家作為產品傾銷的市場。我們作為美國人民，應該生產和消費這些產品。只有在極少數情況下，我們需要從國外獲取，如礦產或其他特定產品，我們才應該參與全球貿易。我們不會阻止全球貿易，但它必須是我們日常企業(yè)的嚴格補充！